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At least 1,189 records · Page 66Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Image file interoperability for data protection, communication and trans-system connectivity.

DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) is a set of international imaging standards developed for medicine and extended to incorporate other professions. These standards encompass primary digital and secondary capture images made for dental diagnostic procedures. The standards provide a basis of interoperability for digital system outputs, providing portability and reducing the danger of obsolescence that would render valuable diagnostic information impossible to display. The American Dental Association, through the activities of its Working Group 12.1, is promoting interoperability within DICOM as the industry standard for digital imaging in dentistry.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1986

[The data base of physical examination for airline pilots].

A data-base system which record new type physical examination of airline crew is now making in Ministry of Transportation. But old type physical records which had submitted for 15 years are still kept. In this report, the authors studied about the data base system which records old type physical examination data. The file structure of data base, data type of each items, interface of old type and new type record are discussed. Finally, to avoid all technical difficulties, the stimulation of generating large scale data base which uses 108,000 data was also studied.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1984

The conversion of claims files to an episode data base: a tool for management and research.

The construction of an episode-of-care file based on utilization data from the insurance claims system of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina was undertaken for its subscribers and Medicare beneficiaries, a data base that includes 60% of the hospital days in North Carolina. The conversion was accomplished without interfering with the integrity of the accounting system, and the resulting file provides essential data for management decisions and epidemiological research. Among the uses to which the information in the file can be put are the promotion of ambulatory surgery, the redesign of group insurance benefits by employers, and the support of statewide health planning programs.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1998

Infant mortality statistics from the linked birth/infant death data set--1995 period data.

OBJECTIVES: This report presents infant mortality statistics from the linked birth/infant death data set (linked file)-1995 period data by a variety of maternal and infant characteristics. Trends in birthweight-specific infant mortality rates from 1985-95 are also discussed. METHODS: Descriptive tabulations of data from the linked file are presented. The data include infant deaths in 1995, which are linked to their corresponding birth certificates, whether the birth occurred in 1995 or 1994. The denominator used to compute infant mortality rates is the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) natality file, which includes all births in 1995. Data are weighted to compensate for the 2.5 percent of infant death records that could not be linked to their corresponding birth certificates. RESULTS: In general, mortality rates were lowest for infants born to Asian and Pacific Islander mothers, followed by white, American Indian, and black mothers. Rates for infants of Hispanic origin mothers were slightly lower than or comparable to those for infants of white mothers, except for infants of Puerto Rican mothers who had higher infant mortality rates. Infant mortality rates were higher for those infants whose mothers began prenatal care after the first trimester of pregnancy, were teenagers or 40 years of age or older, did not complete high school, were unmarried, or smoked during pregnancy. Infant mortality was also higher for male infants, multiple births, and infants born preterm or at low birthweight. In 1995, 63 percent of all infant deaths occurred to the 7.3 percent of infants born at low birthweight. From 1985-95, birthweight-specific infant mortality rates declined most rapidly for infants weighing 750-1,499 grams at birth. The leading causes of infant death varied considerably by race and Hispanic origin. For infants of black mothers, Disorders related to short gestation and unspecified low birthweight was the leading cause of infant death, with an infant mortality rate 4.5 times higher than that for infants of white mothers. For infants of American Indian mothers, rates for Sudden infant death syndrome were 2.9 times and for Accidents and adverse effects 3.6 times higher than those for infants of white mothers. For infants of Hispanic mothers, mortality rates from Sudden infant death syndrome were one-third lower than those for infants of white mothers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Guide to a new data base system of literatures on dental materials and devices. Off-line retrieval system using commercially available software for data base management].

This article describes the off-line retrieval systems for the data base file of literatures on dental materials and devices which was constructed by the Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices. The off-line systems employed two kinds of commercially available softwares for data base management on a personal computer. The data base file was stored in the large-scale computer and downloaded into MS-DOS text files. They were supplied through floppy disks. A program was developed for converting the text files into coded data format which could be transmitted to the applied software. The converted data base files could be successfully processed with two commercial softwares for data base management on a personal computer.

Databases, Bibliographic↗
PubMed1985

Storing summary patient data as a microcomputer file.

The time taken to summarize 1000 patient records and store this data as a hard disc file on a microcomputer was evaluated in a health centre with about 7300 patients. On average it took 25 minutes to prepare or update summary sheets for each patient and between three to five minutes to input the data to the computer. About one in 10 of the records were long and complicated and took considerably more time to summarize. An error rate of 9% over six months was determined for the age-sex register, mostly owing to patients who had left the practice. In about 5% of cases important information was missing from the A4 folders and was only obtainable from the health visitor records.

Computers↗
PubMed1986

An algorithm to manage variable-length records for highly portable clinical data base systems.

An algorithm to archive patient data at free size in disk storage is presented. A record, assumed to be a character string such as an ASCII-coded text, is compressed and divided into fixed-length blocks. One block consists of a data field and a pointer field, and the blocks comprising a record are chained with pointers forwardly. A head pointer of each record is sequentially saved on a separate file. The data compression is performed as follows: if the same character code appears more than twice in succession, we count the number of the repetitions and save it with initial two characters. The algorithms for fetching, re-saving, and purging a record are also presented. These were implemented in FORTRAN77 and tested for performance using a practical patient data file. As the algorithm allows highly flexible record manipulation and can easily be implemented in conventional programming languages, it will make a useful tool for constructing a portable data base management system.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2026

HXMS: a standardized file format for HX-MS data.

MOTIVATION: Hydrogen/deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry (HX-MS) is a rapidly expanding technique used to investigate protein conformational ensembles. The growing popularity and utility of HX-MS has driven the development of diverse instrumentation and software, resulting in inconsistent, non-standardized data analysis and representation. Most HX-MS data formats also employ only mean deuteration representations of the data rather than full isotopic mass spectra, which reduces the information content of the data and limits downstream quantitative analysis. RESULTS: Inspired by reliable protein structure and genomics data formats, we present HXMS, a unified, lightweight, scalable, and human-readable file format for HX-MS data. The HXMS format preserves the isotopic mass envelopes for all peptides, captures the full experimental time-course including fully deuterated control samples, and contains all other key information. It supports multimodal distributions, post-translational modifications (PTMs), and experimental replicates. To promote compatibility with existing HX-MS workflows, we also developed PFLink, a Python package that converts exported data files from commonly used HX-MS software to the HXMS format. PFLink and the HXMS format will enable quantitative, higher-resolution data processing, improved data sharing and storage among HX-MS practitioners, future machine learning applications, and further developments in HX-MS analysis. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: PFLink is publicly available to install locally on HuggingFace, alongside documentation, or use online at HuggingFace (https://huggingface.co/spaces/glasgow-lab/PFlink). The supplementary information includes sample input files, sample HXMS files, and a generic unfilled PFlink custom CSV file that users may populate with key experimental conditions and results, which can then be read and converted into the HXMS format.

Software↗
PubMed1998

Mapmerge: merge genomic maps.

MOTIVATION: When two or more genomic maps of a chromosomal region are available, it is useful to be able to synthesize them to create a merged map. RESULTS: We show that map merging is an exploratory process because there are multiple ways to combine data based upon what the user wishes to focus on, and upon which particular data subset emphasis is desired. We describe Mapmerge, a program for merging two genomic maps, discuss its limitations, and illustrate an example of its use. AVAILABILITY: Freely available (ANSI C source code, a Make file, test data files, documentation) on request from the author. CONTACT: Prakash.Nadkarni@yale.edu

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

ALTER: eclectic management of molecular structure data.

ALTER is a computer program written to facilitate easy conversion between different representations of molecular structure data. The program functions as a file converter, data generation engine, and through the creation of control or input files, as an interface to other programs. The main aspects of program function--the reading and writing of files; coordinate transformation; data reorganization: structure building; data abstraction, including the generation of a wide variety of topological indices and constitutional descriptors; and display--are described in appropriate detail.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluation of data items for the filing system of a gastric cancer screening project.

We have been developing a database for gastric cancer screening test since 1979. People who live in the city area voluntarily undergo the test once a year, and the data of each examinee are stored into the file constituting a record for each visit. Up to the present time, 91 400 records have been entered into the database. The file is supported by FLXFL, an interactive system for programming-free data management and analysis, which runs on a PDP 11/44. A record consists of 56 items, that is: examinee's name, address, telephone number, past history, family history, present complaints, radiographic findings of the gastrointestinal tract and so forth. Data other than X-ray and gastro-camera findings are taken by questionnaire. Using the data in the file, we have statistically analysed whether each data item is useful or not for detecting a patient with gastric cancer. The results of the analyses are presented in this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

preAssemble: a tool for automatic sequencer trace data processing.

BACKGROUND: Trace or chromatogram files (raw data) are produced by automatic nucleic acid sequencing equipment or sequencers. Each file contains information which can be interpreted by specialised software to reveal the sequence (base calling). This is done by the sequencer proprietary software or publicly available programs. Depending on the size of a sequencing project the number of trace files can vary from just a few to thousands of files. Sequencing quality assessment on various criteria is important at the stage preceding clustering and contig assembly. Two major publicly available packages--Phred and Staden are used by preAssemble to perform sequence quality processing. RESULTS: The preAssemble pre-assembly sequence processing pipeline has been developed for small to large scale automatic processing of DNA sequencer chromatogram (trace) data. The Staden Package Pregap4 module and base-calling program Phred are utilized in the pipeline, which produces detailed and self-explanatory output that can be displayed with a web browser. preAssemble can be used successfully with very little previous experience, however options for parameter tuning are provided for advanced users. preAssemble runs under UNIX and LINUX operating systems. It is available for downloading and will run as stand-alone software. It can also be accessed on the Norwegian Salmon Genome Project web site where preAssemble jobs can be run on the project server. CONCLUSION: preAssemble is a tool allowing to perform quality assessment of sequences generated by automatic sequencing equipment. preAssemble is flexible since both interactive jobs on the preAssemble server and the stand alone downloadable version are available. Virtually no previous experience is necessary to run a default preAssemble job, on the other hand options for parameter tuning are provided. Consequently preAssemble can be used as efficiently for just several trace files as for large scale sequence processing.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

Do you also have problems with the file format syndrome?

In a biomedical data processing environment, an essential requirement is the ability to integrate a large class of standard modules for the acquisition, processing and display of the (image) data. Our approach to the management and manipulation of the different data formats is based on the specification of a common standard for the representation of data formats, called 'data nature descriptions' to emphasise that this representation not only specifies the structure but also the contents of data objects (files). The idea behind this concept is to associate each hardware and software component that produces or uses medical data with a description of the data objects manipulated by that component. In our approach a special software module (a format convertor generator) takes care of the appropriate data format conversions, required when two or more components of the system exchange data.

Electronic Data Processing↗