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Your patient asks for information on pain-control studies. Your sister wants advice on combining acupuncture with traditional medicine. And your friend queries you about mesothelioma--his father's newly diagnosed illness. How can you provide up-to-date information on these and other health-related questions without turning to outdated textbooks and back issues of your favorite journals?
Undergraduate nursing students (juniors) entering an upper division nursing program were asked to rate their overall computer skill, ability to use word processing, spreadsheet, presentation/graphics programs, and their ability to use the Internet and e-mail. Because of the number of students who rated themselves as not computer literate an intervention was planned. A graduate student, using a tutorial manual, worked with students for six 1.5-hour skill-enhancing sessions during their first semester. After the sessions students again rated their skill levels. An analysis of the before and after data showed a mean gain score of 5.5 points, with each skill showing a significant increase from the before to the after assessment.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The EEG data obtained in 4-hour experiments with simulation of monotonous performance at a computer display were analyzed. A certain difference in the dynamics of the functional state was revealed between the groups of subjects which differed in their background level of cortical activation. Practically the same performance efficiency in these groups was supported by different mechanisms: via self-regulation mechanisms in the subjects with a high initial level of cortical activity and by involvement of "self-correction" realized through activation of nonspecific subcortical brain structures. The development of the excessive stress in the second group of subjects expressed in an increase of theta rhythm power density indicated the higher "physiological cost" of monotonous operator's work for persons with low level of background cortical activation.
The current medical environment makes information retrieval a matter of practical importance for clinicians. Many avenues present themselves to the clinician, but here we focus on MEDLINE by summarizing the current state of the art and providing an innovative approach for skill enhancement. Because new search engines appear rapidly, we focus on generic principles that can be easily adapted to various systems, even those not yet available. We propose an idealized classification system for the results of a MEDLINE search. Type A searches produce a few articles of high quality that are directly focused on the immediate question. Type B searches yield a large number of articles, some more relevant than others. Type C searches produce few or no articles, and those that are located are not germane. Providing that relevant, high-quality articles do exist, type B and C searches may often be improved with attention to search technique. Problems stem from poor recall and poor precision. The most daunting task lies in achieving the balance between too few and too many articles. By providing a theoretical framework and several practical examples, we prepare the searcher to overcome the following barriers: a) failure to begin with a well-built question; b) failure to use the Medical Subject Headings; c) failure to leverage the relationship between recall and precision; and d) failure to apply proper limits to the search. Thought and practice will increase the utility and enjoyment of searching MEDLINE.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The Veterans Administration (VA) is aggressively pursuing computer-based medical records by deploying the Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) across its 150 medical centers and 400 outpatient clinics. CPRS's client-server, patient-centered approach to clinical computing is a departure from VA's traditional terminal-compatible, department-centered approach. Although the CPRS software is freely distributed, institutional readiness for computer-based patient records has proven expensive. Preparations include organizational changes, human resource development, hardware deployment, physical plant upgrades, and software testing. This paper details CPRS preparations and their costs at one VA Medical Center. Lessons learned during the process are summarized.
BACKGROUND: The explosion of projects utilizing the World Wide Web in the home environment offer a select group of patients a tremendous tool for information management and health-related support. However, many patients do not have ready access to the Internet in their homes. For these patients, Internet TV set-top devices may provide a low cost alternative to PC-based web browsers. METHODS: As a part of a larger descriptive study providing adolescents with access to an on-line support group, we investigated the feasibility of using an Internet TV set-top device for those patients in need of Internet access. RESULTS: Although the devices required some configuration before being installed in the home environment, they required a minimum of support and were well accepted by these patients. However, these patients used the Internet less frequently than their peers with home personal computers--most likely due to a lack of easy availability of the telephone or television at all times. CONCLUSION: Internet TV set-top devices represent a feasible alternative access to the World Wide Web for some patients. Any attempt to use these devices should, however, be coupled with education to all family members, and an attempt at providing a dedicated television and phone line.
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