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PubMed1979

[Inhibition of concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinine P mediated agglutination of L 1210 cells by different azomethines and possible relations to their cytostatic activity (author's transl)].

Compounds of a special azomethine type have been tested on their activity against concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinine P mediated agglutination of leukemia L 1210 cells. With exception of two compounds possessing a bis-(beta-hydroxyethyl) amino group at the phenyl moiety in para-position to the azomethine group all substances considerable inhibited agglutination of L 1210 cells. In vitro active concentrations are also obtained in animal experiments at least for a short time at the site of injection (i.p.) The importance of cellular reactions for effectivity in vivo is discussed.

Agglutination↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A microtiter agglutination test for anti-Pasteurella multocida antibodies in turkeys.

A microtiter agglutination test (MTA) was developed for assaying anti-Pasteurella multocida antibodies in turkeys vaccinated with live avirulent Clemson University (CU) strain. Safranine-O was incorporated with the decapsulated P. multocida antigen and greaterly enhanced the visibility of the sedimented free antigen, which formed a compact red button on the bottom of the well. The advantages of the MTA test over the tube agglutination test were that: 1) less antigen and serum were required; 2) delineation of the end point was improved by staining the antigen with safranine-O; and 3) less labor was required.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1979

Passive charcoal agglutination-inhibition test for hepatitis B surface antigen.

A new test for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen is evaluated. The passive charcoal agglutination-inbition test uses charcoal particles that have been coated with hepatitis B surface antigen. Agglutination of the sensitised particles by antibody is prevented by the presence of antigen in the test serum. Results of the study show that the test is as sensitive as counterimmuno-electrophoresis. It is simple to perform and relatively quick. It may be a useful test for screening patients with hepatitis in a small hospital or private group practice.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1979

Potency testing of pertussis immunoglobulins, relationship between neutralisation test and agglutination test.

Neutralisation tests were done with pertussis immunoglobulins and immunosera in which mice were immunised by intraperitoneal injection and challenged 4 hours later by intracerebral injection. The results of the neutralisation tests were compared with those of the agglutination tests done with the same preparations. For 2 pertussis immunoglobulins a correlation was found between the results of both tests, but generally no correlation exists between the agglutinating activity and the protective value of the preparations. There is a more than 100-fold difference in their relationship. Therefore a neutralisation test should be used for potency testing of pertussis immunoglobulins.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

[Demonstration of an agglutination-like nature of haptoglobins against streptococci with T4-antigen through the examination of umbilical cord sera].

The determinability of haptoglobin types is correlated with the titers of agglutination against streptococci carrying the T4 antigen. If the haptoglobin types in cord-sera cannot be determined (as a result of the physiological binding of haptoglobins) the agglutination reaction fails or the titers are greatly diminished. The dimorphism, which was found in sera of adults, can be demonstrated in cord sera, too, if they can be typed. It is concluded that the observed reaction between Hp 2-2 and Hp 2-1 sera with T4-streptococci is caused by the haptoglobin itself.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1981

[Isolation of an agglutinating anti-E. coli K 88+ serum].

An agglutinating anti-K 88+ serum was obtained through immunizing rabbits with geometrically rising amounts of cell-free K 88 antigenic extraction. Use was made of bacterial suspensions cultured in Minka agar and homogenized at 8000 r. p. m. to remove the K 88 pili. The cell depot was removed by centrifugation at 15 000 r. p. m., and the protein in the supernatant was determined by the method of Kingsey. The titer of the K88 serum was within the 1:320-1:640 range. The specificity and activity of the serum was evaluated by the hemagglutination test, immunoelectrophoresis, and immunodiffusion. The serum is highly specific and yields positive agglutination results with all K 88+ Escherichia coli strains. It does not react with antigen - K 88-negative E. coli organisms as well as with the O antigen of the investigated strains.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1981

Serological classification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by co-agglutination: a study of serological patterns in two geographical areas of Sweden.

Gonococcal strains, isolated in two different geographical areas of central Sweden (Stockholm and Orebro County) during two corresponding time periods, were subjected to serogrouping by the co-agglutination method with reagents covering the previously described serogroups W I, W II and W III. All strains tested could be grouped. Significant differences were found between the two geographical areas studied. Isolates from different sites on one and the same patient and strains from contact pairs gave identical results. The test results were reproducible, when the strains were exchanged between the two participating laboratories. The reagents distinguished Neisseria gonorrhoeae from other Neisseria species and other oxidase-positive bacteria. The potential of serogrouping gonococci for epidemiological studies by means of the co-agglutination method is discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1982

[Surface morphology of normal and virus-transformed cells in suspended state and their concanavalin A agglutinability].

Suspended cells are heterogeneous in respect to their surface microrelief. The distribution of different microrelieves varies in different cultures. It depends on the mode of cell detachment from the substrate - by EDTA or trypsin. Oncogenic transformation is accompanied by both the increase and decrease of microvillous microrelief. There is no correlation between the surface morphology of transformed cells and their agglutinability by concanavalin A. The treatment with trypsin results in the increase of both agglutinability by concanavalin A and microvillious microrelief.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of the slide agglutination test for detection of leptospiral antibodies in serum samples of slaughter pigs.

Serum samples of 259 randomly selected slaughter pigs were studied comparatively in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and the slide agglutination test (SAT) for the presence of leptospiral antibodies. 12 of 13 serum samples with MAT titres of 1:400+ + and higher were positive in the SAT. 27 of 46 sera with MAT titres in the borderline range (1:100+ + to 1:400+) showed a positive reaction in the SAT. 31 of 200 serum samples with MAT titres of 1:100+ and less reacted also positively in the SAT. Statistical evaluation of the results showed that the SAT is accurate if results are positive but less so if the results are negative (sensitivity 92.3%, specificity 76.4%).

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1984

[Estimation of cell agglutination by laser nephelometry].

Laser nephelometry was used to measure the lectin-mediated agglutination of cultured human tumor cells (of osteosarcoma and adenocarcinoma of the lungs). The rates of a decrease in the value of light dispersion (V delta VLD) and the length of time (to) necessary for complete cell sedimentation (at V delta VLD-O) can be used as quantitative indices of cell agglutination. V delta VLD and to were found to correlate with the concentrations of tumor cells and lectins (PHA and Con A).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

An agglutination test for the detection of Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in swine.

An agglutination test with the use of formalin-killed antigen of the cell carrying the capsule was developed and used for the detection of antibody in swine naturally infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica. Under optimum antigen concentration and reaction temperature 210 or 60% of 342 serum samples tested from 42 conventional swine herds were positive for Bordetella infection. In contrast, only 34 or 10% of 342 nasal swabs from the same animals were positive for Bordetella by culture technique. The test was relatively free of cross-reactivity to related organism. However, 2.7 and 13.0% of sera from growing pigs and mature hogs, respectively, reacted with antigen of Pasteurella multocida. Because of this, only agglutinin reactions in 1:20 dilutions or higher to Bordetella were considered positive. The bulk of the antibody activity of selected sera tested from various age ranges of swine was mercaptoethanol sensitive, suggesting that serum antibody in Bordetella infection may be associated with immunoglobulin IgM. Because of the high agglutinability and stability of formalin-killed antigen the test may be useful as an auxiliary aid for the diagnosis of Bordetella infection where the organism cannot be identified by culture means.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1981

[Heterogeneity of agglutinability and antibiotic sensitivity of a population of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from tonsillar lacunae of patients with angina and chronic tonsillitis].

The study of the staphylococcal microflora of the tonsils in chronic tonsillitis patients revealed a high degree of variability in respect to its sensitivity to different antibiotics and the level of its agglutination by blood serum. The lesser part of the patients showed the presence of staphylococcal clones agglutinated by highly diluted serum and resistant to antibiotics suppressing the main part of the microbial population. The appearance of such clones in the microbial population is supposed to be the reason for the development of antibiotic-resistant population.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1981

Agglutination of Eubacterium and Peptostreptococcus species as a diagnostic test for Crohn's disease.

The anaerobic fecal flora of patients with Crohn's disease has been found to differ from the flora of healthy subjects by higher numbers of anaerobic gram-negative rods and gram-positive coccoid rods. Agglutinating antibodies against strains of coccoid rods, belonging to species of Eubacterium and Peptostreptococcus were detected in much higher percentages of sera from patients with Crohn's disease than in those from patients with ulcerative colitis, and healthy subjects. On the basis of the results of agglutination reactions with four strains, the probability of Crohn's disease can be estimated. In this paper, the background of the test ist described and its use and limitations are reviewed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1981

Comparative titration of Anaplasma marginale antibodies by card agglutination and complement-fixation tests.

The card agglutination test for anaplasmosis was improved so that bovine serum could be titrated for Anaplasma antibodies. The modified test was validated when its results on 1 set of serum samples were compared with the results furnished by the complement-fixation test on the same set. The samples tested were from cows inoculated with an Anaplasma vaccine or with either 1 of 2 virulent strains of Anaplasma marginale. A correlation coefficient of 0.60 was calculated between the values of the titers furnished by the 2 tests, and regression equations were calculated and used to estimate the serum titer in 1 test from a titer measured in the other. The results indicate that the simple card agglutination test can yield titers comparable with those of the complement-fixation test.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interference by rheumatoid factor with the detection of C-reactive protein by the latex agglutination method.

The concentration of the acute phase serum protein C-reactive protein (CRP) is used as an index of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and with other disorders associated with rheumatoid factor (RF). When CRP was determined by the latex agglutination method, RF caused both increased titers for CRP and false positive reactions for CRP. These effects of RF were abrogated by pretreatment of test samples with 2-mercaptoethanol. Detection of CRP by radial immunodiffusion was not affected by RF. Therefore, the clinical relevance of CRP detected in RF positive sera by latex agglutination can be ascertained only following pretreatment of sera with 2-mercaptoethanol or by the use of radial immunodiffusion to circumvent interference by RF.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1980

Concanavalin A induced agglutinability of the isolated cells of hamster melanotic and amelanotic melanomas.

The agglutination of cells isolated from solid melanotic and amelanotic malanomas in hamsters by Concanavalin A was studied. It has been found that the agglutination intensity of the two kinds of melanoma cells was different and depended on the concentration of the lectin. It has been suggested that the different susceptibility of the cells to Concanavalin A is related to changes of surface glycoproteins, resulting from a spontaneous alteration of the melanotic melanoma into amelanotic one.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1978

Detection of barbiturates by latex agglutination inhibition.

A latex-agglutination inhibition test was developed and evaluated for the detection of barbiturates, primarily in urine, but it has applicability to serum. The 2-h test was performed with samples free of gross debris in a 37 degree C heat block and the reaction between the barbiturate antibody and the barbiturate-latex, at pH 7.3, was inhibited by urines containing secobarbital, amobarbital, pentobarbital, butabarbital, or phenobarbital. For laboratory standards the test was particularly sensitive to secobarbital (300 microgram/litre) and relatively insensitive to amobarbital (5000 microgram/litre). In clinical specimens some barbiturates were detected at levels as low as 150 microgram/litre. The test was specific, and negative endpoints were frequently noted in as little as 30 min. The effects of variables (antiserum dilution, urine specific gravity, heat block temperature, sample size, and type of barbiturate) on the degree of agglutination were also determined.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of Mycoplasma meleagridis antibodies demonstrated by tube agglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests.

Groups of turkeys inoculated intravenously with hemagglutinating (HA) and nonhemagglutinating (NHA) strains of Mycoplasma meleagridis developed similar antibody titers as demonstrated by the tube agglutination (TA) test, but use of the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test indicated markedly higher titers for turkeys inoculated with the HA strain than for those inoculated with the NHA strain. Adsorption of serum antibody with NHA strain antigen removed most agglutination activity but had little effect on HI activity. These results indicate that the HI and TA tests demonstrated antibody against different antigens, with the HI test detecting antibody directed against the hemagglutinin and the TA test detecting antibody directed against membrane antigens common to both strains.

Agglutination Tests↗