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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Protein--non-ionic detergent interaction. Interaction of bovine serum albumin with alkyl glucosides studied by equilibrium dialysis and infrared spectroscopy.

The binding isotherms of bovine serum albumin with octylglucoside and decyl glucoside were determined at 7 degrees C and 25 degrees C at pH 7.4 and ionic strength 0.1 M. The average number of detergent molecules bound was found to increase with increasing hydrocarbon chain length. Competitive binding indicates that alkylglycosides combine with the same sites as alkyl sulphates. Native bovine serum albumin has about 12 and 10 sites for non-ionic ligands at 7 degrees C and about 15 and 13 sites at 25 degrees C for octyl and decyl glucosides respectively. The values for standard free energy changes--delta G0, were calculated from the intrinsic association constants. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy was used to study the effects of alkyl glucosides on the conformation of albumin. The results obtained indicate that there are no significant changes in protein structure.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1983

Interaction of phospholipase A2 from Naja melanoleuca snake venom with monomeric substrate analogs. Activation of the enzyme by protein-protein or lipid-protein interactions?

Unlike porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2, the enzyme from Naja melanoleuca does not display biphasic kinetic behaviour at substrate concentrations around the critical micelle concentration. This snake venom enzyme was further investigated by direct binding studies using n-tridecylphosphocholine. Binding of this substrate analog to the enzyme was monitored by using equilibrium gel filtration, equilibrium dialysis and ultraviolet difference spectroscopy. It is concluded that, in the presence of submicellar concentrations of n-tridecylphosphocholine, a lipid-protein complex is formed consisting of about 4 protein and 36 lipid molecules. Ca2+ ions are required for the formation of this complex. A model is proposed which describes the formation of this type of complex. These lipid-protein aggregates are held responsible for the non-hyperbolic kinetic behaviour of the snake venom enzyme towards monomeric substrates.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Thrombin interactions with central nervous system tissue and implications of these interactions.

A monospecific antibody was developed to human alpha-thrombin. This antibody stained neurons but not astrocytes in murine spinal cord cultures incubated with 1-10 nM alpha-thrombin using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. Staining did not occur when the primary or linking antibodies were eliminated, and staining was blocked with hirudin. Preliminary studies showed release of arachidonic acid from the cultures when exposed to thrombin. It was proposed that arachidonate release from the membranes of neurons upon exposure to thrombin was similar to that observed in platelets, for example, by activation of phospholipases. Moreover, prostanoids were formed that could have a deleterious effect on cellular elements in the central nervous system. The potential role of thrombin receptors on neurons was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Rifampin affects polymorphonuclear leukocyte interactions with bacterial and synthetic chemotaxins but not interactions with serum-derived chemotaxins.

Three independent experimental approaches support the hypothesis that rifampin competes for receptors on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMLs) with small peptide chemoattractants, e.g., N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP), but not with serum-derived chemoattractants (C5a). First, rifampin inhibited chemotaxis induced with FMLP but reversed the immobilization of PMLs that occurred at high FMLP concentrations. Second, rifampin competed with radiolabeled FMLP for binding sites on PMLs and displaced already-bound radiolabeled FMLP. Third, rifampin blocked and reversed the bipolar shape changes induced in PMLs by FMLP. These effects occurred at concentrations attained during rifampin therapy and were not due to rifampin toxicity. In contrast, no effect of rifampin was observed on serum-derived chemoattractants (C5a) in any of the three systems. The evidence suggests, therefore, that rifampin is a ligand for FMLP-type receptors on PMLs.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1999

The Agrobacterium tumefaciens chaperone-like protein, VirE1, interacts with VirE2 at domains required for single-stranded DNA binding and cooperative interaction.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfers single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) into plants. Efficient tumorigenesis requires VirE1-dependent export of ssDNA-binding (SSB) protein VirE2. VirE1 binds VirE2 domains involved in SSB and self-association, and VirE1 may facilitate VirE2 export by preventing VirE2 aggregation and the premature binding of VirE2 to ssDNA.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens↗
PubMed2007

Distinct structural features of caprin-1 mediate its interaction with G3BP-1 and its induction of phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha, entry to cytoplasmic stress granules, and selective interaction with a subset of mRNAs.

Caprin-1 is a ubiquitously expressed, well-conserved cytoplasmic phosphoprotein that is needed for normal progression through the G(1)-S phase of the cell cycle and occurs in postsynaptic granules in dendrites of neurons. We demonstrate that Caprin-1 colocalizes with RasGAP SH3 domain binding protein-1 (G3BP-1) in cytoplasmic RNA granules associated with microtubules and concentrated in the leading and trailing edge of migrating cells. Caprin-1 exhibits a highly conserved motif, F(M/I/L)Q(D/E)Sx(I/L)D that binds to the NTF-2-like domain of G3BP-1. The carboxy-terminal region of Caprin-1 selectively bound mRNA for c-Myc or cyclin D2, this binding being diminished by mutation of the three RGG motifs and abolished by deletion of the RGG-rich region. Overexpression of Caprin-1 induced phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF-2alpha) through a mechanism that depended on its ability to bind mRNA, resulting in global inhibition of protein synthesis. However, cells lacking Caprin-1 exhibited no changes in global rates of protein synthesis, suggesting that physiologically, the effects of Caprin-1 on translation were limited to restricted subsets of mRNAs. Overexpression of Caprin-1 induced the formation of cytoplasmic stress granules (SG). Its ability to bind RNA was required to induce SG formation but not necessarily its ability to enter SG. The ability of Caprin-1 or G3BP-1 to induce SG formation or enter them did not depend on their association with each other. The Caprin-1/G3BP-1 complex is likely to regulate the transport and translation of mRNAs of proteins involved with synaptic plasticity in neurons and cellular proliferation and migration in multiple cell types.

Amino Acid Motifs↗
PubMed1997

Order of application determines the interaction between phorbol esters and GTP-gamma-S in dorsal raphe neurons: evidence that the effect of 5-HT is modified upstream of the G protein Ca channel interaction.

Phorbol esters activating protein kinase C (PKC) partially uncouple the inhibitory effect of serotonin (5-HT) from serotonergic neuron Ca2+ current. Presently the site of action of PKC is not known and may be the receptor, G protein, or ion channel. We recorded Ca2+ current from acutely isolated neurons with the use of the patch-clamp technique to study the site of action of PKC. Activation of the G protein with internal guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP-gamma-S) occluded the response to 5-HT, but unexpectedly this effect was not reversed by the addition of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) despite the voltage-dependent reversal of the effect of GTP-gamma-S by long depolarizing steps to +80 mV. PMA was, however, able to partially reverse 5-HT-induced inhibition of Ca2+ current. The rate of reinhibition of the Ca2+ current (related to the concentration of activated G proteins) by GTP-gamma-S after the addition of PMA at -50 mV was identical to the rate when only GTP-gamma-S was present. By contrast, when cells were exposed first to PMA, and then GTP-gamma-S was perfused into the cell, GTP-gamma-S lost about half of its ability to activate the G protein. The rate of reinhibition of the Ca2+ current by internal GTP-gamma-S was also reduced in cells pretreated with PMA. The original result in which PMA did not reverse the action of GTP-gamma-S suggested that the channel was not the functional site of action of PMA, nor was the site on the G protein that binds to the channel, but it did not rule out the receptor. When the receptor was bypassed, after prior PKC activation, it was found that direct activation of the G protein by a nonhydrolyzable analogue of GTP was reduced; taken as a whole, this indicates that in dorsal raphe, and perhaps other neurons, the site of the critical phosphorylation may be on the G protein and possibly at the GTP binding site.

Animals↗