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Results for “Vestibular Function Tests”

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PubMed1983

An appraisal of the value of vitamin B12 in the prevention of motion sickness.

Unpublished reports have suggested that hydroxycobalamin (B12, i.m.) prevents motion sickness. Some biomedical evidence supports this contention in that B12 influences the metabolism of histidine and choline; dietary precursors to neurotransmitters with established roles in motion sickness. Susceptibility to motion sickness was evaluated after B12 (1000 micrograms, i.m.). Subjects initially completed vestibular function and motion sickness susceptibility tests to establish normal vestibular function. The experimental motion stressor was a modified coriolis sickness susceptibility test. Subjects executed standardized head movements at successively higher RPM until a malaise III endpoint was reached. Following two baseline tests with this motion stressor, subjects received a B12 injection, a second injection two weeks later, and a final motion sickness test three weeks later. No significant differences in susceptibility were noted after B12. Hematological parameters revealed no B12 deficiency before injection. The possibility that patients with B12 deficiencies are more susceptible to motion sickness cannot be ruled out.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed2002

The Chiari I malformation and the neurotologist.

OBJECTIVE: The first objective of this paper is to report the clinical symptoms of 77 patients and the results of their neurologic, vestibular, and audiological evaluations done with magnetic resonance imaging, which confirmed Chiari I malformations. The second objective is to report how the results of a vestibular evaluation can help neurosurgeons decide on the need for surgical treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of 77 patients seen between 1988 and 2000. SETTING: Tertiary care center. PATIENTS: The clinical data of patients under diagnoses of Chiari I malformation, which was filed in the vestibular laboratory computer, was analyzed. INTERVENTION: The cases included in this study were derived from a population of patients who were evaluated for dizziness, hearing loss, and tinnitus in the Torok Vestibular Laboratory. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Occurrence of central vestibular findings in the patients with Chiari I malformation. RESULTS: In this group of 77 patients, 10 had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and 22 had unilateral sensorineural hearing loss of varying severities. Horizontal spontaneous nystagmus was noted in 27 patients, vertical upbeat nystagmus in 3, and downbeat nystagmus in 4 others. Saccadic dysmetria was noted in 4 patients, optokinetic nystagmus was impaired in 3, and smooth-pursuit impairment was noted in 12 of the group. Positional nystagmus was noted in 9 patients. The Torok monothermal caloric test showed normal responses in 19 patients, hyperactive responses in 43, decruitment in 45, and rebound caloric nystagmus in 20. Surgical decompression of the Chiari I malformation was completed in 33 patients. CONCLUSION: From this study it is clear that the results of the basic vestibular function-test battery reflect the functional deficit in the vestibulocerebellum that is presumed by its ectopic position. These tests results have given our neurosurgeons a stronger foundation on which to base surgical decisions for this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Changes in sensory organization test scores with age.

The goals of this study were to collect normative data on asymptomatic, ambulatory, community-dwelling adults on a standard diagnostic test of vestibular function in balance and to determine if their responses differ significantly from younger adults. Subjects were divided into four age groups, 18-44 years (young), 45-69 years (middle-aged), 70-79 (old), and 80-89 (elderly). Subjects were seen in the neurotologic diagnostic laboratory at a tertiary care facility. Their dynamic balance was tested under a variety of sensory conditions using the EquiTest (NeuroCom), a standard diagnostic test. The data from one subtest, the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) were evaluated. These data showed significant age-associated declines in overall score and changes in movement strategy. These results suggest that those parts of the vestibular system involved with balance have age-related declines through the end of the life span, even in asymptomatic people, and that these changes do not level off but continue into the ninth decade. Therefore, when elderly people are evaluated for balance disorders age-appropriate norms should be used. These results also suggest that declines in motor performance on laboratory tests are not directly related to reduced independence in essential activities of daily living in elderly people.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aging effects on auditory and vestibular responses: a longitudinal study.

PURPOSE: To identify age-related changes in the auditory and vestibular systems in normal older subjects followed serially over time. METHODS: Pure tone hearing levels, speech reception threshold, speech discrimination scores, and vestibulo-ocular responses were measured in 57 normal older subjects (mean age, 82) on 5 yearly examinations. RESULTS: There was a significant (P < .001) increase in pure tone threshold averages (about 1 dB per year) and speech reception threshold averages (about 2 dB per year), and a significant (P < .001) decrease in discrimination scores (about 2% per year) over the 5 years of follow-up. There was a significant (P < .05) amplitude-dependent decrease in gain and increase in phase lead of the vestibulo-ocular reflex and a significant (P < .01) decrease in gain of visual-vestibular responses at low frequency sinusoidal stimulation over the 5 examinations. Years 1 to 5 differences in individual subjects were significantly (P < .01) correlated across auditory and vestibular tests, but not between auditory and vestibular tests (P > .01). CONCLUSION: This is the first longitudinal study to show age-related decreases in auditory and vestibular responses in normal older subjects. Because the age-related changes in the auditory system were not correlated with age-related changes in the vestibular system, the 2 systems may age at different rates in the same individual. These changes likely result from degeneration in both peripheral and central structures, although age-related changes in the central nervous system probably are more important from a functional point of view.

Aged↗