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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Postcementation hypersensitivity: scientific data versus dentists' perceptions.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article was to obtain dentists' opinions via an Internet survey as to the prevalence, causes, and prevention of postcementation sensitivity and compare their responses with published data on the problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Information as to respondents opinions of postcementation sensitivity was obtained from an Internet survey asking about their experience and for a ranking of the importance of each of 15 factors. RESULTS: A total of 466 valid responses were received. The incidence of postcementation sensitivity was estimated to be less than 2% by more than 2/3 of the dentists. The factors considered "very important" in reducing sensitivity by more than 50% of the respondents were desiccation, luting agent, occlusion, provisional, and water spray. CONCLUSIONS: Comparing respondents' opinions with published clinical studies, the incidence of postcementation sensitivity appears to be underestimated. There is little published evidence to support the importance of antimicrobials, desensitizing, or bonding agents, although these are considered effective by some dentists. Many respondents consider luting agent to be an important variable.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Residual dentin thickness in mesial roots of mandibular molars prepared with Lightspeed rotary instruments and Gates-Glidden reamers.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to measure the residual dentin thickness (RDT) in the mesial roots of mandibular molars after instrumentation with Lightspeed and Gates-Glidden rotary instruments. Study design Thirty extracted, untreated human mesial roots of mandibular molars were separated from the distal roots and embedded in clear polyester resin. The roots were cut horizontally at 1, 4, and 7 mm short of the anatomic apex. The diameter of each mesiobuccal canal was measured by using a stereo measuring microscope at each level in the buccolingual and mesiodistal directions. The dentin thickness was measured in each level in the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual directions. Sections were reassembled with a muffle. The canals were enlarged to the working length with Lightspeed rotary instruments, of which the average size used was a No. 50 file. The coronal third was flared with No. 2 Gates-Glidden reamers. Slices were separated again, and the RDT and canal diameters were measured. RESULTS: The minimal measured RDT after instrumentation at the 1-, 4-, and 7-mm levels was 0.70 +/- 0.28 mm, 1.04 +/- 0.18 mm, and 1.09 +/- 0.19 mm, respectively. The average diameter of the canals after instrumentation at the 1-, 4-, and 7-mm levels was 0.50 +/- 0.04 mm, 0.52 +/- 0.05 mm, and 0.74 +/- 0.08 mm, respectively. The canal diameter did not exceed one third of the root diameter at all levels. CONCLUSIONS: Root canal preparation of mandibular mesial roots with Lightspeed instruments to No. 50 in the apical third and Gates-Glidden reamers to No. 2 in the coronal third does not significantly decrease the RDT.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1996

Dose reduction of two digital sensor systems measuring file lengths.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dose reduction on the image quality of two sensor systems with automatic greyscale adjustment. STUDY DESIGN: Two digital sensor systems, Sidexis (Siemens, Bensheim, Germany) and Digora (Soredex, Helsinki, Finland), were tested. The image quality of the systems was determined by comparing lengths of endodontic files (025, 020, 015, and 010 files) and a premolar root in the digital images with lengths on conventional radiographic films. For the experiments the exposure was changed to 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% of that for Ektaspeed films. RESULTS: The lengths of 025 and 020 files and the premolar root in the digital images were comparable with the lengths on films even if the exposure was reduced to 6% of that used for Ektaspeed films. The lengths of 015 files reduced as the exposure was reduced. The lengths of 010 files were significantly shorter than the lengths on films. CONCLUSIONS: With the systems tested, a dose reduction of approximately 95% compared with Ektaspeed films is possible to determine the lengths of a premolar root and 025 and 020 files. For thinner objects a dose reduction is questionable.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1998

Use of a hydroxylapatite-based material and calcium sulfate as artificial floors to repair furcal perforations.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a hydroxylapatite-based material and calcium sulfate when each was used under a resin-modified glass ionomer cement to repair furcation perforations. STUDY DESIGN: Perforations of pulp chamber floors were made in 72 teeth of 9 dogs. Perforations were divided into 3 equal-sized groups and repaired with resin-modified glass ionomer either alone or over an artificial floor. The artificial floor was either a hydroxylapatite-based material or calcium sulfate. Three dogs were killed at each of 3 intervals (1, 3, and 6 months). The tissue response to the tested materials was evaluated clinically, radiographically, and histologically. RESULTS: The hydroxylapatite-based material showed the highest radiographic success; this was followed by calcium sulfate and glass ionomer. From histologic evaluation, the average success rate was found to be 67% for calcium sulfate, 62% for the hydroxylapatite-based material, and 59% for glass ionomer. However, there was no statistical significant difference with the resin-modified glass ionomer when it was used alone and when it was used over a barrier. There was also no significant difference between the hydroxylapatite-based material and the calcium sulfate when they were used as artificial floors. CONCLUSION: The use of an artificial floor may not be necessary when flowable resin-modified glass ionomer cements are used.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of electronic dental anesthesia in children.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and acceptance of electronic dental anesthesia in comparison with local anesthesia in restorative procedures in children. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-eight children, aged 6 to 12 years, participated in the study. Each patient had symmetric teeth requiring class I cavity preparations. One tooth was treated with electronic dental anesthesia; the antimere tooth was treated with local anesthesia. The tooth and the method were selected at random, and the two restorations were performed at the same appointment. Pain was assessed by means of two pain scales, the color scale and the sound, eye, and motor scale. Behavior was assessed through use of the North Carolina Behavior Rating Scale. The ratings of pain and behavior were made at 4 separate intervals (after rubber dam clamp placement, with the handpiece operating adjacent to the tooth, during penetration of the dentin-enamel junction of the tooth, and 5 minutes postoperatively). The recorded values for the steps of the restorations completed with electronic dental anesthesia and local anesthesia were analyzed by means of chi(2) analysis to determine any statistically significant difference between the techniques at a level of P <.05. RESULTS: Although the success rate of electronic dental anesthesia was less than that of local anesthesia, there was no significant difference between the two methods. On the other hand, 53.6% of the patients preferred electronic dental anesthesia, whereas 35.7% preferred local anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: In restorative dental care in children, electronic dental anesthesia appears to be beneficial in reducing discomfort, as judged from behavioral observations and self-reports.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed2004

Interdisciplinary management of dental implant patient: a case report.

Maxillary molars can over-erupt when their antagonists are lost and there are no replacements. When the opposing molars severely extrude into the edentulous space, it is difficult to replace the missing teeth with either fixed or removable prostheses. We present the following case report, providing a solution for this type of problem. A two-stage posterior subapical osteotomy was used to reestablish the intermaxillary space. Following orthodontic treatment and implant placement, the patient regained occlusal harmony and normal masticatory function.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Preparation of novel saw-toothed and riblike alpha-Si3N4 whiskers.

alpha-Si(3)N(4) whiskers with novel saw-toothed and riblike structures have been synthesized in a high yield by a carbothermal reduction and nitridation route. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). The results show that the saw-toothed whiskers with one smooth surface and another toothlike surface have lengths about several tens of microns and widths in the range of 600-1200 nm. The riblike whiskers are composed of Si(3)N(4) rod-arrays, which grow closely packed perpendicular to the central axial whiskers with uniform diameter and length. The growth mechanism of the products can be considered as a combination of VS mechanism and secondary epitaxial nucleation process. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the whiskers shows a strong blue light emission peak at 406 nm and a weak peak at 485 nm, suggesting their potential applications in light and electron emission devices.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Micro-tensile bond strength of two adhesives to Erbium:YAG-lased vs. bur-cut enamel and dentin.

The purpose of the study was to assess the hypotheses that laser irradiation is equally effective for bonding as traditional acid-etch procedures, and that tooth substrate prepared either by Erbium:YAG laser or diamond bur is equally receptive to adhesive procedures. Buccal/oral enamel and mid-coronal dentin were laser-irradiated using an Erbium:YAG laser. A total-etch adhesive (OptiBond FL) applied with and without prior acid-etching and a self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond) were employed to bond the composite. The micro-tensile bond strength (microTBS) was determined after 24 h of storage in water. Failure patterns were analysed using a stereo-microscope, and samples were processed for Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (Fe-SEM) evaluation. Unbonded, lased enamel and dentin surfaces were evaluated using Fe-SEM as well. The total-etch adhesive bonded significantly less effectively to lased than to bur-cut enamel/dentin. Laser 'conditioning' was clearly less effective than acid-etching. Moreover, acid etching lased enamel and dentin significantly improved the microTBS of OptiBond FL. The self-etch adhesive performed equally to lased as to bur-cut enamel, but significantly less effectively to lased than to bur-cut dentin. It is concluded that cavities prepared by laser appear less receptive to adhesive procedures than conventional bur-cut cavities.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2002

The esthetic outcome of autotransplanted premolars replacing maxillary incisors.

Autotransplantation of developing premolars to replace maxillary incisors has been documented to provide physiologically sound results, but comprehensive studies of the esthetic outcome have not been made previously. In order to assess the applicability of this approach and to identify factors important for planning of treatment, 22 autotransplanted premolars reshaped to incisor morphology were compared to their natural, contralateral maxillary incisors by scoring of features considered important for esthetics (color, soft tissue appearance, tooth morphology, and position). The sum of scores for each feature was used to place the reshaped transplant in one of three categories - Match, Deviate, Mismatch. The 22 patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire which addressed the same features that were examined professionally, and the responses were categorized as either Satisfied, Acceptable, or Dissatisfied. Eleven of the 22 patients had received orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances following the transplantation. Most of the transplanted premolars matched the contralateral incisor, and the majority of patients were satisfied with the appearance of the transplant. Fourteen percentage of the transplants were categorized as Mismatch and 18% of patients reported dissatisfaction. The distribution in categories assessed professionally and by the patients was not significantly different. The color and gingival width of the transplanted tooth were scored as different from the natural incisor in about half of the bilateral comparisons. For those teeth categorized professionally as Mismatch and by patients as Dissatisfied, a potential for esthetic improvement could be identified, as allocation to these categories was primarily due to suboptimal positioning and restorative build-up of the transplant. Inter-disciplinary planning is important for successful esthetic results.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1999

Adhesive techniques.

This paper describes the use of adhesive techniques to restore teeth previously affected by tooth surface loss so avoiding the need to remove sound tooth tissue.

Dental Cements↗
PubMed1999

Conventional crown and bridgework.

The restoration of worn teeth with crowns requires a number of strategies to create space for retentive, resistant and durable castings.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

A retrospective study of 50 treatments using an appliance to produce localised occlusal space by relative axial tooth movement.

This paper describes the use of 50 appliances which have been used to produce a localised occlusal space prior to the restoration of teeth. These were provided for 45 patients aged 19 to 69 years at the Eastman Dental Hospital London between 1981 and 1994. The concept is similar to that described by Dahl, the space being produced by the teeth in contact with the appliance being intruded and those out of contact over erupting. Many of the appliances however differed from those originally described by Dahl.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Retention.

This article describes the mechanisms for retaining RPDs and considers the different types of direct retainer. The factors influencing the effectiveness of retentive clasps and governing the choice of clasp are discussed.

Dental Clasps↗
PubMed2002

Crowns and extra-coronal restorations: materials selection.

Materials selection is the second in the series on crowns and other extra-coronal restorations. Some of us are less than inspired by dental materials science. Nevertheless, many of the things that concern us clinically with crowns and their alternatives are based on material properties. We worry about the strength of the restoration, how well it fits and its aesthetics. We also worry about wear, occlusal control and biocompatibility. Not least of our concerns are dental laboratory charges, which inevitably have to be passed on to the patient.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2002

Crowns and other extra-coronal restorations: aesthetic control.

A pleasing dental appearance is the subjective appreciation of the shade, shape and arrangement of the teeth and their relationship to the gingiva, lips and facial features. Achieving such a pleasing appearance in our patients is not always easy but is critical, not least because our work is effectively on display and this has implications for patients' perceptions of our practice. To be successful, thorough assessment, careful planning and precise clinical execution is required. Every bit as important though, is good communication, both with the dental laboratory and particularly with the patient. In few areas of dentistry can effective communication be as critical as it is here.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2002

Crowns and other extra-coronal restorations: porcelain laminate veneers.

Porcelain veneers are resin-bonded to the underlying tooth and provide a conservative method of improving appearance or modifying contour, without resorting to a full coverage crown. The porcelain laminate veneer is now a frequently prescribed restoration for anterior teeth. The sums spent by the Dental Practice Board on this type of treatment increased from quarter of a million pounds in 1988/89 to over seven million in 1994/95, representing some 113,582 treatments. Since that time the number has stabilised at over 100,000 veneers prescribed each year. The objective of this paper is to give a practical guide on providing these restorations.

Communication↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of a year long, hands-on restorative dentistry course for practitioners.

Continuing education is now seen as an essential part of professional practice and ways to improve the effectiveness of these courses are always under review. This article describes a year long, part-time hands-on restorative dentistry course and reports on the results. The aim of the course was to encourage those practitioners to attend continuing education courses who would not usually do so, and devise ways to maximise the usefulness of the course content.

Adult↗