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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

A prospective study of the use of nitrous oxide inhalation sedation for dental treatment in anxious children.

AIM: To determine baseline data in relation to procedures undertaken during nitrous oxide inhalation sedation sessions within the Hospital Dental Service. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study. METHODS: Data was collected over a twelve-month period for patients attending the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Dundee Dental Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, for dental treatment using nitrous oxide inhalation sedation. Overall behaviour and the outcome of treatment were assessed by the dentist providing sedation using the Frankl and Houpt Behaviour Rating Scales respectively. RESULTS: Data was available for 312 patients (F:169; M:143) with a median age of 11.0 (inter-quartile range 8.8, 12.7) years. Overall, 93% of patients successfully completed treatment using sedation. The majority of treatments comprised dental extractions; 19.8% and 41.3% were primary and permanent tooth extractions respectively. Regarding permanent teeth, nearly 50% were first permanent molar extractions compared with just over 30% for first premolars. Nearly three-quarter of cases were treated using a mixture of 30% nitrous oxide and 70% oxygen, with a median sedation time of 35.7 minutes. Only 7% of cases failed to commence or complete treatment and overall, there was a greater failure rate amongst visiting Community Dental Officers, compared with Hospital-based clinicians. CONCLUSION: Extraction of first permanent molar teeth can be successfully achieved using inhalation sedation. There is both a need for further postgraduate training in sedation techniques as well as the necessity to train further Specialists in Paediatric Dentistry to undertake care within the Community Dental Service.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Nitroblue tetrazolium and Limulus assays for bacteremia after dental extraction: effect of topical antiseptics.

Bacteremia that occurs after dental extraction is common. This study assessed the effect of topical antisepsis on the incidence and magnitude of post-extraction bacteremia. On hundred patients scheduled for elective tooth extraction were randomized among four groups: contr-l, mouthrinsing with sodium-p-toluene sulfonchloramide (chloramine-T), toothbrushing with chloramine-T, and irrigation with Lugol's solution. The results showed that 84% of the control group and 59% of the treatment groups had positive blood cultures (290 organisms isolated) after dental extraction. The duration and magnitude of these bacteremias were diminutive as documented by the six serial blood cultures taken for each patient, colony counts per milliliter of blood, and nitroblue tetrazolium and Limulus assays. Brushing the teeth or rinsing the mouth with chloramine-T before dental extraction significantly reduced the incidence of bacteremia (P less than .025) and the number of different organisms recovered from each patient (P less than .05). Thus, topical treatment with chloramine-T is a simple and effective means of reducing the incidence of postextraction bacteremia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A histological study on tissue responses to titanium implantation in rat maxilla: the process of epithelial regeneration and bone reaction.

The present study aimed to establish a titanium implantation model using rat maxillae as well as demonstrate the chronological tissue responses to implantation. Pure titanium implants were inserted in the upper first molar extraction sites of Wistar rats 1 month after tooth extraction. The animals were sacrificed at 1 to 30 days postimplantation, and prepared tissue specimens were processed for light microscopy. The removal of implants from tissue blocks was done using 2 methods: mechanical removal or a cryofracture technique. In the early stages, peri-implant tissues showed severe damage to the oral epithelium and collagen bundles with significant inflammatory cell infiltration. The peri-implant epithelium grew apically along the implant by 10 days postimplantation, and regenerated to show a similar feature of junctional epithelium seen in normal rats at 15 days postimplantation, at which time no signs of inflammation were observed. The regenerated collagen bundles in the connective tissue were arranged circumferentially to the implants in the horizontal sections. New bone formation first appeared around the implants at 5 days postimplantation, covering the entire perimeter of implants by 30 days postimplantation. Scanning electron microscopic observations of the surface texture of the removed implants suggest the probability of an adhesive mechanism between the implants and the peri-implant epithelium and/or the alveolar bone. These findings indicate that this experimental model is useful for detailed analysis of peri-implant tissue because of its easy implantation procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Prevention of alveolar ridge deformities and reconstruction of lost anatomy: a review of surgical approaches.

Prevention and treatment of alveolar ridge deformities aim at preserving and/or reconstructing soft and hard tissues of the edentulous ridge. Different surgical techniques may be used to prevent ridge collapse before tooth extraction or to reconstruct lost ridge anatomy before tooth replacement. In cases of mild or moderate ridge defects, soft tissue augmentation is generally sufficient to repair the deformity. On the other hand, hard tissue augmentation should be selected primarily when implant therapy is scheduled. In cases of severe ridge defects, a staged or a combined approach may be appropriate. This article reviews the various approaches for the prevention and treatment of ridge deformities.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗