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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Optimizing renal DMSA-scintigraphy with 7-pinhole collimator.

Multiple pinhole emission tomographic imaging techniques are currently being applied to imaging of organs of a limited size. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of this technique in kidney imaging with Tc99m-DMSA. A 7-pinhole collimator having 4.5 mm. pinhole apertures was used in conjunction with a widefield camera. Left and right kidney were imaged separately. Twelve small renal cysts with a diameter of 1 to 3.5 cm. verified by US or CAT were investigated by 7-pinhole and planar scintigraphy. Eight of 12 renal cysts were identified by 7-pinhole scintigraphy whereas only one cyst was seen by planar scintigraphy. The borderline of cysts detection was 1.5 cm. in 7-pinhole tomography. Basing on these comparative studies and experiences on many patient investigations it seems reasonable to perform renal scintigraphy with 7-pinhole tomography in a routine manner.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative effects of diethyldithiocarbamate, dimercaptosuccinate, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetate on organ distribution and excretion of cadmium.

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), dimercaptosuccinate (DMSA), and diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA) were compared for their relative efficacies at equimolar doses in promoting mobilization of metallothionein-bound cadmium (Cd) from its sites of deposition several weeks after i.p. injection of a sublethal dose of Cd containing 109Cd. Routes and rates of excretion were also determined. The most rapid and extensive reduction of renal, hepatic, and splenic Cd was obtained with DDTC. Concurrently, however, DDTC caused moderate increases in lung, testicular, and heart Cd burdens, and increased the brain burden about ten-fold. Only renal and testicular levels of Cd were reduced by DTPA, and it was much less effective than DDTC in lowering the renal levels. No reduction of Cd levels in any organ was attained with DMSA treatment. Excretion of Cd following DDTC treatment was exclusively by the fecal route; DTPA promoted both urinary and fecal excretion, but the total amount excreted by both routes was considerably less than that observed following DDTC treatment. It was concluded that the effectiveness of a chelator in promoting mobilization and excretion of metallothionein-bound Cd cannot be predicted on the basis of its effectiveness in protecting mice against a lethal dose of Cd when given immediately after Cd and prior to induction of metallothionein synthesis. The possibility is discussed that the greater effectiveness of DDTC may be due to an interaction with nascent metallothionein rather than to chelation of Cd.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurotoxicity, anorexia and the preferential choice of antidote in methylmercury intoxicated rats.

In the rat the first clinical signs of methylmercury intoxication is loss of appetite, which can be restored by the administration of dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). In female rats which lost body weight as a result of methylmercury treatment, the anorexic effect of methylmercury was reversed even when DMSA was given in the drinking water. When intoxicated animals had the choice between DMSA supplemented water (2.5 mg DMSA/ml) and tap water, they preferred DMSA. This preference is related to the severity of intoxication and is abolished after one or two days. During this time the urinary mercury excretion is substantially increased and the body burden of methylmercury is decreased. The effect of methylmercury mobilization is fast, and can be detected in urine collected from cannulated ureters shortly after the IV administration of 10 or 20 mg/kg dimercaptosuccinic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Obstructive uropathy: frusemide test and analysis of renographic curve patterns.

49 patients with clinically proven uropathy and 14 others suffering from nephropathy underwent quantitative 131I-OIHA renography, combined with a frusemide provocation test. In significant obstruction, diuresis reaction was typically less than 5% (predictive value of a positive test 76%). The renographic curves, derived from the renal cortex and from the pyelon were diverging, with the pelvic curve showing a continuous rise (predictive value of a positive test for the curve pattern analysis 92%). Non-obstructive dilatation of the urinary system was characterized by a high diuresis index (greater than 15%) (predictive value 82%). The curve pattern was plateau-like before and showed a converging course of cortical and pelvic activity spontaneously, at least after diuresis provocation (predictive value 75%). Nephropathy alone could exceptionally mimick both significant obstruction and non-obstructive dilatation. Qualitative renographic curve analysis combined with diuresis provocation renders a higher diagnostic yield regarding the dynamic state of questionable uropathy than either test alone.

Adolescent↗