Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SINUS THROMBOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Magnetic resonance venography in idiopathic pseudotumor cerebri.

OBJECTIVE: To inform clinicians about the use of magnetic resonance (MR) venography in idiopathic pseudotumor cerebri. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study to evaluate for the presence or absence of dural sinus thrombosis using MR imaging and MR venography of the brain in 22 consecutive young, female, overweight patients with typical pseudotumor cerebri. RESULTS: None of the 22 MR imaging and MR venography studies showed venous sinus thrombosis. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance venography might not add significantly to the evaluation of typical idiopathic pseudotumor cerebri but may be indicated in atypical cases (e.g., male, thin, or elderly patients).

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Arterial contamination: a useful indirect sign of cerebral sino-venous thrombosis.

BACKGROUND: Various imaging findings of cerebral sino-venous thrombosis (CSVT) have been described on magnetic resonance venography (MRV). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance of visualization of the arterial system on cerebral MRV, also described as arterial contamination, as an indirect sign of CSVT. METHODS: Forty patients with a clinical suspicion of venous sinus thrombosis underwent MR imaging of the brain, followed by MRV sequence, based on 2D time of flight technique in the coronal oblique plane. Patient's clinical symptoms and signs were noted with particular interest for papilloedema. Twenty-seven patients were diagnosed to have cerebral venous thrombosis on MRV, and of these, arterial contamination was visualized in 16 patients. In the remaining 13 cases, in which there was no evidence of venous sinus thrombosis, arterial contamination was absent. The sensitivity of this finding was 59.25% (n = 16/27), specificity was 100%, positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive value was 54.2%. Of these 16 patients with arterial contamination, 12 patients had evidence of increased intracranial pressure in the form of papilloedema. CONCLUSION: Visualization of the arterial system is a useful indirect sign of CSVT, and may be an indicator of increased intracranial pressure in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Cerebral venous thrombosis--clinical presentations.

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an under diagnosed condition for acute or slowly progressive neurological deficit. CVT is less frequent than arterial thrombosis. CVT has a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms, which may evolve suddenly or over the weeks. It is clinically challenging and mimics many neurological conditions such as, meningitis, encephalopathy, benign intracranial hypertension, and stroke. With increasing awareness, CVT cases are now being diagnosed more frequently. Newer imaging procedures have led to easier recognition of venous sinus thrombosis, offering the opportunity for early therapeutic measures. It may be difficult to diagnose it on clinical grounds alone. Headache is the most frequent symptom in patients with CVT, present in about 80% of cases. Most common pattern of presentation is with a benign intracranial hypertension-like syndrome. The prognosis of CVT is worse in elderly subjects. The shorter the history the more likely is the presence of focal signs. Sixth cranial nerve palsy usually manifests as false localizing sign. Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) has been described, as the presenting event with CVT. Patients may have seizures that can be recurrent. Cranial nerve syndromes are seen with venous sinus thrombosis. Psychiatric disturbances are sometimes the presenting symptoms. CVT, an important cause of stroke in puerperium, is frequently observed in India. We have seen 6 patients of CVT out of 490 stroke registry. Of these 6, four were females and two were males. The mean age among females was 27.75 years and among males was 41.5 years. Of the 4 females two were postpartum; one was on oral contraceptive and in one Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) were positive. Amongst two males one had hyperhomocysteinemia and one had hyperlipidemia.

Cerebral Veins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial complications following mastoidectomy.

Mastoidectomy is a common surgical procedure in otology. However, postoperative complications of various degrees of severity may occur. We present 4 children who underwent mastoidectomy for middle ear and mastoid disease and developed postoperative intracranial complications. One child was operated on for brain abscess 1 week after the initial mastoidectomy. Another child appeared with seizures 5 days after the initial mastoidectomy and a subdural empyema was drained during revision surgery. Large bone defects with exposed middle cranial fossa dura were found at revision surgery in both cases and Proteus vulgaris and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from the mastoid and abscess cavities in these children. A small epidural collection was diagnosed in the third patient 2 days after initial mastoid surgery and was managed with intravenous antibiotics only. The other child was found to have sigmoid sinus thrombosis the day after mastoidectomy that was performed for nonresponsive acute mastoiditis. This child received both intravenous antibiotics and anticoagulants. Timely revision surgery, combinations of third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins with vancomycin or metronidazole and the addition of anticoagulants in cases of sinus thrombosis can lead to full recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Cerebral venous thrombosis and venous malformations in children.

Venous strokes are not as common as arterial strokes in the pediatric population, but may be associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Cerebral vein thrombosis and venous sinus thrombosis are responsible for most venous strokes. Vein of Galen malformation is a rare but important cause of mortality in neonates and infants. Awareness of these potential causes of stroke in the pediatric population, early diagnosis, and appropriate therapeutic strategies are paramount to reduce mortality and improve neurologic outcome.

Cerebral Veins↗
PubMed1999

Homozygous factor-V mutation as a genetic cause of perinatal thrombosis and cerebral palsy.

A 5-year old girl with cerebral palsy (CP), preterm birth, postnatal aortic thrombus, and cerebellar venous infarction who is homozygous for the thrombophilic factor-V Leiden (fVL) mutation is reported. The role of hereditary thrombophilic disorders in the development of perinatal vascular lesions such as aortic thrombi, renal-vein thrombosis, venous-sinus thrombosis, and cerebral infarction is unknown. This case report brings into question a potential association between fVL, perinatal vascular lesions, perinatal stroke, and CP.

Aortic Diseases↗
PubMed1995

Neuro-ophthalmic features of cerebral venous obstruction.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of impaired cranial venous outflow. DESIGN: A retrospective study of 20 patients who developed increased intracranial pressure as the result of impaired cerebral drainage. SETTING: Three neuro-ophthalmologic referral centers. PATIENTS: Ten patients had noncompressive thrombosis of sagittal or lateral sinuses (noncompressive group), four had compression of the sagittal sinus or jugular veins (compressive group), and six had transient sinus thrombosis following surgical procedures (iatrogenic group). INTERVENTIONS: Medical and/or surgical treatment of increased intracranial pressure and of underlying conditions predisposing to venous obstruction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Symptoms (headache and esodeviation) and signs (visual acuity, visual fields, and optic disc appearance) of increased intracranial pressure. RESULTS: Headache was more severe, esodeviation was more prevalent, and onset was more abrupt in the noncompressive group than in the compressive and iatrogenic groups. Among the 10 patients with noncompressive thrombosis, factors predisposing to thrombosis were present in seven patients but sometimes overlooked. Following treatment, visual outcome was generally favorable in all three groups. All patients had 20/30 or better visual acuity in at least one eye, and substantial visual field loss was present in both eyes of only two patients. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical manifestation of impaired cerebral venous outflow vary depending on the underlying mechanism. Although most patients maintain good vision, more aggressive treatment is sometimes indicated in patients with thrombosis or compression. The abrupt onset and marked severity of symptoms in patients with thrombosis should help to differentiate these patients from those with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Antiphospholipid antibodies in patients without systemic lupus erythematosus: neuroradiologic findings.

PURPOSE: To study neuroradiologic findings in patients with hypercoagulability due to antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of abnormal angiographic, computed tomographic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings was performed over a 14-month period in patients with APAs, no diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, age less than 65 years, and no other cause of a hypercoagulable state. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (age range, 22-62 years) with APAs had abnormal results at neuroradiologic examination. Abnormal findings on cross-sectional imaging studies included large-artery (n = 3), lacunar (n = 5), and venous infarctions (n = 2); cortical atrophy (n = 5); white matter abnormalities (n = 3); and dural sinus thrombosis (n = 4). Abnormal angiographic findings included large-artery occlusions (n = 2), arterial narrowing that simulated vasculitis (n = 2), and transverse sinus thrombosis (n = 1). CONCLUSION: Presence of APAs should be suspected when no cause is apparent for either (a) an ischemic cerebrovascular event in young and middle-aged adults or (b) dural sinus or cerebral venous thrombosis (c) in patients with recurrent systemic arterial or venous thromboses, especially women with recurrent miscarriages.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A case of postpartum cerebral venous thrombosis.

Cerebral venous thrombosis, also known as cortical venous, cerebral sinus, cerebral venous sinus, or dural sinus thrombosis, results from clot formation in one of the many outflow tracts of the brain. Obstruction of flow causes venous hypertension, which is responsible for clinical findings associated with this condition. Signs and symptoms of cerebral venous thrombosis include headache, nausea, mental status changes, seizures, and focal neurologic deficits. Although cerebral venous thrombosis can occur at any time during life, women are particularly vulnerable before delivery and during the postpartum period because of the hypercoagulable state that accompanies pregnancy. This case study describes the challenging clinical course of one postpartum patient who developed venous thrombosis of the sagittal sinus.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Hyperdense posterior falx in the neonate.

OBJECTIVE: Hyperdense posterior falx and/or torcula on unenhanced CT scans is associated with sagittal sinus thrombosis in adults. However, the validity of this finding in newborns is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective review was performed from September 1995 to November 1996, evaluating head CT scans of infants during their first week of life. RESULTS: Eleven neonatal head CT scans revealed a hyperdense posterior falx, suggestive of sagittal sinus thrombosis. Further imaging (7 ultrasound and 4 magnetic resonance imaging examinations) revealed no evidence of venous thrombosis in 10 of the 11 infants. CONCLUSION: Predominantly unmyelinated neonatal brain and increased hematocrit of neonatal blood probably contribute to the false impression of hyperdense posterior falx/torcula on neonatal head CT scans.

Cranial Sinuses↗
PubMed1993

Cerebral vein thrombosis due to hereditary antithrombin III deficiency.

Cerebral vein thrombosis, also called superior sagittal sinus thrombosis, is a well recognized clinical and radiologic entity associated with a variety of medical disorders. We report a patient with fatal cerebral vein thrombosis following myelography, in whom the cause was familial antithrombin III (AT3) deficiency. Unsuspected AT3 deficiency should be considered in cases of unexplained cerebral venous thromboses.

Adult↗