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Results for “Resource Allocation”

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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Ethical ideology and the allocation of scarce medical resources.

This study was designed to determine the ethical beliefs upon which both medical and non-medical participants base their decisions when asked to construct a ranked waiting-list for treatment for patients suffering from kidney failure. Participants were given minimal demographic and medical data about hypothetical patients and were asked to rank them in order of priority for treatment. A participant's initial ethical position was determined by the Forsyth (1980) Ethical Ideology Questionnaire which provides a fourfold typology based on two factors (relativism and idealism). Each participant's personal demographic information was also obtained. The analysis yielded a main effect of the 'number of dependents' variable of the patient and its interaction with the 'religiousness' variable of the participants which reflected a utilitarian moral ideology working within an egalitarian framework. Implications of studies of this sort for sociomedical moral decision making and research on ethical and moral issues are discussed. The limitations of this sort of research are also considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Developing a methodology to improve the allocation of specialized health resources for acutely injured persons.

Inappropriate triage following acute injury may result in misallocation of specialized health resources, increased health care costs, reduced or delayed access to care, and increased death and disability. Although triage criteria have been developed, they vary widely, and inappropriate triage rates are high (50% - 85%). The purpose of this project was to evaluate the ability of decision tree induction to predict need for specialized trauma resources in acutely injured persons. We considered any person who was admitted to the trauma center's ICU or died prior to being admitted to the ICU as needing specialized trauma resources.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Consumer strategies in health care acquisition in the United Kingdom and the United States.

Conflicts in health care financing have emerged as controversial political issues in the United Kingdom and the United States. Given the health care structures and resource allocation patterns of each country, the study of resource acquisition is significant because of scarce resources, changes in health policy, and shifts in consumer demand.

Community Participation↗
PubMed2006

Self-benefiting in the allocation of scarce resources: leader-follower effects and the moderating effect of social value orientations.

Previous research on the allocation of scarce resources suggests that people who are assigned to higher positions (e.g., leaders) are more likely to make self-benefiting allocations than people who are assigned to lower positions (e.g., followers). In this article, the authors investigated the proposition that these findings would be moderated by people's social value orientations. In two experimental studies, the authors assigned participants either to the role of leader or follower and assessed the participants' social value orientations. In agreement with predictions, the findings show that position effects are moderated by social value orientation. Social value orientations only affected the allocation behavior of the leaders: Proself leaders allocated more resources to themselves than did prosocial leaders. Additional analyses indicate that these effects are mediated by feelings of entitlement.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Will disease prevention spare the medical commons?

Everywhere the disparity grows between what modern medicine can achieve, on the one hand, and what society can afford, on the other. In industrialized nations health resource allocation questions now focus primarily on diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative medical programmes. With increases both in our capabilities in preventive medicine and in public awareness of those capabilities, soon that realm is likely to be demanding more resources from the health budget. These considerations and others make urgent the development of better methods for setting priorities for the allocation of health resources. A common thread in the consideration of competing programmes will be issues of trade-offs. Beneficial programmes that save more health resources than they consume are much to be desired, but resource saving should not be regarded as a necessary condition for giving high priority to a programme. Cost-effectiveness ratios provide one approach to measuring the ability of competing programmes to use health-care resources to produce health benefits. Application of cost-effectiveness principles suggests that prevention programmes merit a greater share of resources, even though such programmes generally consume more health resources than they save. For the process of priority-setting to be equitable and rational, more and better data will be required on programmatic costs and benefits. Furthermore, the process should be flexible, allowing priorities to differ from one geographic area to another, and from time to time within the same area. Finally, the process must be understood by a majority of the population, and perceived as fair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Modelling the use of health services by populations of small areas to inform the allocation of central resources to larger regions.

Modelling the use of health services by local populations can inform the allocation of central resources to larger regions. At aggregate, e.g. regional, level, use is largely driven by supply and such analysis can be misleading. At small area level, however, populations effectively compete for services and their different relative use of services, after allowing for varying availability, reflects variations in their relative need. Empirical quantitative estimates can thus be made of the net relation of factors such as mortality or social deprivation to relative need for health services. These estimates can then be used in weighted capitation formulae for allocating resources to larger regions.

Budgets↗