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Results for “Persons with Intellectual Disabilities”

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PubMed1997

[Dental medicine in the service of the mentally handicapped: personal experiences].

The article is the reflection of twenty years of experience in dental care for the handicapped. The first part of the article gives you general advises called 'golden rules' and a planning method. In the second part you can find advises how to deal with the different disciplines of dental care as prosthesis, extraction, etc. A lot of examples illustrate the theory.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1994

Supported employment for Irish adults with intellectual disability: the OPEN ROAD experience.

Supported employment is an approach to ensuring the vocational and social integration of persons with intellectual and other disabilities by placing and then training them to carry out real jobs in the regular workplace, supported by staff members or co-workers. This article focuses on the actual employment outcomes for participants in OPEN ROAD, a three-year innovative project which introduced adults with moderate and severe levels of intellectual disability in Dublin, Ireland to ordinary jobs. Supported workers (n = 24) were men and women aged between 19 and 49 years who obtained part-time jobs chiefly within the financial and food service and retail sectors of an economy marked by high rates of long-term unemployment. Effective job-finding and support strategies as well as individual outcomes are described. Priorities for those at national and agency levels planning for meaningful, sustainable employment for persons in this population are suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Beyond ethical individualism.

Contemporary ethical debate about clinical practice centres primarily on the individual resolution of dilemmas, an approach which is incompatible with the social constructionist focus on human interdependence. Many constructionists argue that virtue ethics (VE) offers a more useful perspective on ethics than either consequentialism or deontology. From this perspective, the purpose of ethics is not to specify the right act in a particular situation, but to understand ethical and unethical practices conceptually, i.e. how these are learned, and how these contribute to and develop the ethical life in an ethical environment. Criticisms of VE are considered alongside discussion of its implications for clinical practice with people who have intellectual disability.

Ethics, Professional↗
PubMed2006

Risk factors for psychopathology in children with intellectual disability: a prospective longitudinal population-based study.

BACKGROUND: This study examined risk factors for the development of psychopathology in children with intellectual disability (ID) in the developmental, biological, family and social-ecological domains. METHODS: A population sample of 968 children, aged 6-18, enrolled in special schools in The Netherlands for educable and trainable ID were assessed at Time 1. A random 58% were re-contacted about 1 year later, resulting in a sample of 474 at Time 2. RESULTS: Psychopathology was highly consistent over 1 year. Risk factors jointly accounted for significant, but small, portions of the variance in development of psychopathology. Child physical symptoms, family dysfunction and previous parental mental health treatment reported at Time 1 were uniquely associated with new psychopathology at Time 2. CONCLUSIONS: Prevention and early intervention research to find ways to reduce the incidence of psychopathology, possibly targeting family functioning, appear important.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Mother-Baby psychiatric units (MBUs): national data collection in France and in Belgium (1999-2000).

The French version of the Marcé checklist was used to collect data for 176 joint admissions to 11 psychiatric mother-baby units in 1999 and 2000. Mean age of the babies at admission ranged from 4 to 16 weeks. Two units also admitted older children. Mothers admitted were diagnosed with schizophrenia or chronic delusional disorders (n = 44), acute transitory psychosis "Bouffée délirante" (n = 20), bipolar disorders (n = 20), depressive illness (n = 38), personality disorders or intellectual disability (n = 39), and other disorders (n = 15). The mean duration of hospitalisation was 11 weeks. Units that also offered day-care admission in the same or a near-by unit had shorter mean admissions. More than half the women's partners (or babies' fathers) had mental health problems. Women with schizophrenia or chronic delusional disorders and personality disorders or intellectual disability remained hospitalised longer, improved less, and were more often separated from their babies, or discharged with supervision, than women admitted with other diagnoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Recorded audio prompts. A strategy to increase independent prevocational task completion in individuals with dual diagnosis.

This research was conducted to teach two adults with schizophrenia and mental retardation to respond to recorded audio prompts in order to eliminate the need for instructor assistance in completing routine prevocational tasks. Studying individuals with dual diagnosis is an important step in moving toward success in community living and vocational placement. A multiple probe design across tasks was conducted. Prior to the investigation, both individuals demonstrated low levels of independent task completion. Following the implementation of the audio prompts, both individuals' task completion performances dramatically increased. These findings suggest that audio prompts may serve as an efficient alternative to instructor promoting, which is often required by individuals with dual diagnosis in prevocational job settings.

Activities of Daily Living↗