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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Externalizing and internalizing subtypes of combat-related PTSD: a replication and extension using the PSY-5 scales.

This study replicated and extended prior findings of internalizing and externalizing subtypes of posttraumatic response (M. W. Miller, J. L. Greif, & A. A. Smith, 2003). Cluster analyses of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory--2 Personality Psychopathology--Five (MMPI-2 PSY-5; A. R. Harkness, J. L. McNulty, Y. S. Ben-Porath, 1995) profiles obtained from 736 veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) partitioned the sample into a low pathology cluster defined by personality scores in the normal range, an externalizing cluster characterized by low constraint and high negative emotionality, and an internalizing cluster with high negative emotionality and low positive emotionality. Externalizers showed the highest rates of alcohol-related and antisocial personality disorders; internalizers, the highest rates of panic and major depressive disorder. These findings support the development of a personality-based typology of posttraumatic response designed to account for heterogeneity in the expression of PTSD and associated psychopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Self-disclosure of personal constructs.

Sidney Jourard's (19) description of the role of self-disclosure in marriage is reviewed. George Kelly's (20) theory of personal constructs is described in an effort to explain the complexity of successful marriages and strong families. A kind of marital therapy based on the technique of self-disclosure and the rationale that couple pathology results from erroneous personal constructs is described. The idea that these faulty schemas largely derive from the observation of and experience with one's parents' marriage is discussed. The self-disclosure of personal constructs may provide a distinctive approach to family therapy.

Ego↗
PubMed1980

Goals of residency training in pathology. An analysis of the initial two conferences for pathology program directors.

This report reviews the goals and objectives of residency training in pathology as defined during the initial two conferences of program directors. Specific emphasis is given to future needs and in particular the background and capabilities of the persons who will be practicing pathology in the 1980's and 1990's. In this connection, the following questions are addressed: How many pathologists will be needed? What should the balance be between generalists and subspecialists? What should the pathologist of the future be like in terms of skills, knowledge, interests, and personal characteristics? On the latter basis, what type of person should we attempt to recruit to pathology and what should be the content of the educational process he or she should undergo?

Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed1992

[Pathology of myxoid mitral valve degeneration: literature review and personal results].

Mitral prolapse is a parachute-like protrusion of the value into the left atrium. Almost always a myxoid degeneration of the valve is the base of such a prolapse. Myxoid degeneration is understood as dissolution of the collagenous fibrous layer and its replacement by acid glucosaminoglycans. An alteration of collagen is suspected as primary defect in this sometimes also inherited disorder. The electron microscope reveals fragmentation of collagen fibrils and elastic fibers and, within the myxoid material, free lysosomes, so called "matrix-vesicles". An isolated disturbance of collagen types I and III could not be detected by immunohistochemistry. Studies could also to date not demonstrate mutations in the genes coding for collagens.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Clinical and mycological examinations of oral mucosa in cyclosporine A treated patients after renal transplantation].

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is one of the basic and often used immunosuppressive agents. It is used to prevent rejection of allogenic transplants and to cure many diseases with autoimmunological components. The development of transplantology and frequent presence of autoaggressive disorders causes increased use of CsA, which intensifies problem of side-effects. Gingival overgrowth, oral mucosa pathologies related with bacterial, viral and fungal infections and neoplasma are described as most frequent side-effects of cyclosporine A in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of presence of different types of oral mucosa lesions in cyclosporine A-treated patients after renal transplantation. Thirty renal transplant recipients aged 11-64 years (including 13 females and 17 males) with cyclosporine treatment period from 6 months to 10 years were examined. Pathological changes on the oral mucosa were noted in 18 patients (60%). The fungal infections were the most often observed pathology (46.7% of examined persons). In mycological tests Candida albicans was most often isolated. Other species: C. kefyr, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis were also found. In 4 cases cheilitis angularis was additionally diagnosed. In 16.7% of CsA-treated patients, pathological changes of epithelium with homogenic leucoplakia features were observed. Hypertrophic lesions of oral mucosa in 10% of cases and many small erosions of inflamed mucosa of hard palate in 1 case were also noted. Our observations show connection between incidence of oral mucosa pathologies and immunosuppressive treatment. This suggests that interdisciplinary cooperation is necessary for early start of prevention and treatment program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Psychosocial sequelae of brain abscesses.

A group of 13 patients recovered after surgical treatment of brain abscess was examined. The patients were tested using WAIS-R, WMS, BVRT and CMI 3 methods. The reports of two patients not examined in person were also evaluated. Pathological deterioration of mental capacities was found in 8 cases, psychopathological symptomatology was recorded in 5 cases. One patient was amaurotic. The reports of two patients in the examination not present gave the diagnosis of ethylism and personality degradation in one case. The results obtained suggest that mental and physical disabilities occur after surgical treatment of brain abscess.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Personal experience in the organization of mass admission of traumatized refugees].

Here is showed experience and importance of Emergency Medical Service during mass reception of traumatised displaced persons from Srebrenica in July 1995. During organisation of reception a good willingness and experience of this service with repard a to fast action, examination and selection of more than 15,000 displaced persons. In short time, whole coming persons were examined; medicine treated and in other way cared. There were arranged, 234 doctor teams, 22 stomatologist teams, 42 laboratory teams, 42 hygiene-epidemiologist teams and 18 teams for vaccination of children. In the various pathology of coming displaced persons there were dominated: respiratory disease case and uncared skin infections in children, chronical cardiovascular disease and malnutrition in adults. For successful realisation of this complex tasks, like the organising of reception and medical care of huge number of traumatised displaced persons, it is needed to have well organised, qualified and technical equipped Emergency medical Service.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of lethal outcomes in patients with chronic bronchitis].

A study was made of the clinical data and autopsy protocols of 197 persons who died at a hospital of the machine-building plant. Varying bronchopulmonary pathology was discovered in 129 persons, chronic bronchitis in 80 persons. Patients with CB died in the active period of life. Acute pneumonia, cardiovascular diseases and cancer intoxication are among the most frequent causes of death of CB patients. Decompensation of chronic cor pulmonale ranks fourth in frequency, being seen in men engaged in hard physical labour, with concomitant cardial pathology, suffering from chronic alcoholism.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed2003

[Vocal fold nodules. Risk factors in teachers. A case control study design].

Vocal nodules are structural lesions very common amongst professional voice users such as teachers. We have studied the risk factors that predispose the development of vocal nodules in teachers. Two hundred and forty-two teachers were selected: 120 with vocal nodules and 120 with normal vocal folds. Professional and personal factors as well as classroom environment were studied. A complete evaluation of the voice was performed, aerodynamic measures, tone and extension of the voice, acoustic analysis, perceptual evaluation of the voice as well as a videolaryngostroboscopy which was definitive in the diagnosis. Younger teachers with less years of teaching experience a greater have tendency to develop vocal nodules than the rest. Class-room's dryness, loudness and echo are correlated with the pathological group. The most relevant personal factors in the pathological group were previous vocal pathology, laryngeal surgery, nasal surgery and gastroesophageal reflux. Vocal intensity and vocal frequency ranks were shorter in the pathological group. We could also see that, fonatory flow was less effective in the pathological group.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in Stiff-Person syndrome patients.

Autoantibodies to the 65-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase GAD65 (GAD65Ab) are strong candidates for a pathological role in Stiff-Person syndrome (SPS). We have analyzed the binding specificity of the GAD65Ab in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 12 patients with SPS by competitive displacement studies with GAD65-specific rFab-derived from a number of human and mouse mAbs specific for different determinants on the Ag. We demonstrate considerable differences in the epitope specificity when comparing paired serum and CSF samples, suggesting local stimulation of B cells in the CSF compartment of these patients. Moreover, these autoantibodies strongly inhibit the enzymatic activity of GAD65, thus blocking the formation of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid. The capacity of the sera to inhibit the enzymatic activity of GAD65 correlated with their binding to a conformational C-terminal Ab epitope. Investigation of the inhibitory mechanism revealed that the inhibition could not be overcome by high concentrations of glutamate or the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate, suggesting a noncompetitive inhibitory mechanism. Finally, we identified a linear epitope on amino acids residues 4-22 of GAD65 that was recognized solely by autoantibodies from patients with SPS but not by serum from type 1 diabetes patients. A mAb (N-GAD65 mAb) recognizing this N-terminal epitope was successfully humanized to enhance its potential therapeutic value by reducing its overall immunogenicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Epidemiology, clinical aspects and prevention of borderline conditions in the regions of Siberia and Far East].

The problem of borderline conditions in the population of Siberia and the Far East is analyzed from the standpoint of a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach. The authors established the indicators, close to the real ones, of the prevalence of borderline disorders, exceeding many times the formal statistic data. Evidence is given of the role of certain personality parameters (rigidity, anxiety) and biological factors (the status of the immune and hormonal systems) in the formation and course of borderline conditions. The clinical studies carried out over time made it possible to specify definite stages in the development of borderline pathology. 3 stages were delineated: initial disorders or reactions; neurotic or neurosis-like conditions; neurotic or pathological developments of the personality. The authors demonstrate imperfection of the existing systems of psychiatric aid in respect to patients with borderline disorders and provide evidence for the necessity of organizing psychiatric services outside dispensary aid. Novel organizational models (the center for borderline conditions, the center for mental health care at industrial enterprises, municipal psychohygienic consultation) developed by the authors are provided as prognosis. These structures made it possible to enhance the efficacy of prevention and treatment of borderline conditions.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1993

[Renal biopsy in the aged].

Pathological findings in urinalysis in the aged persons are usually thought to be caused by pathologic processes other than glomerulopathy. Histological evaluation of renal tissue in older patients is extremely difficult due to coexistence of involuntary changes-hyalinosis, increase in mesangial matrix content, and vascular changes. The aim of the study was to evaluate frequency of glomerulonephritis, both primary and secondary in persons older than 60. In this group, as compared to the younger people the secondary glomerulonephritis was more frequent, amyloidosis and vasculitis nodosa being the most frequent. In primary glomerulonephritis mesangiocapillary type dominate, quite often some tendency to hyalinization could be observed. Renal biopsy is useful as a diagnostic tool in both the aged and young. It should be performed regardless the patients age.

Adult↗