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PubMedDate not supplied

Overview of computerized dietary assessment programs for research and practice in nutrition education.

Computerized dietary assessment programs are often used for nutrition education research and practice. This article provides an informal overview of 29 dietary assessment programs mentioned in the literature covered by MEDLINE from 1996 to 2003, along with the components and capabilities of these programs derived from additional sources as needed. According to the literature, the advantages of using computers for dietary assessment include standardization of the questioning sequence, fast and easy processing, immediate results, and increased flexibility. The disadvantages include the need for typing skills and computer literacy, as well as potential bias in the responses if an interviewer is required.

Diet↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of nutritional counseling on the blood glucose and nutritional knowledge of diabetic subjects.

The nutritional knowledge and control of diabetes was assessed in 43 nonketosis-prone diabetic subjects. Patients were semiliterate or illiterate. They were exposed to a 1-h nutritional counseling program in groups of three to five. The nutritional counseling program was highly simplified and emphasized only a few important aspects of diabetic diet. Patients' nutritional knowledge improved significantly after nutritional counseling. The control of diabetes also improved significantly in those patients in whom control had been inadequate.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[BeKi--an initiative for nutrition education in children: program description and evaluation].

OBJECTIVES: The State Initiative Be KI is carried out statewide by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry for Nutrition/Food and Rural Area since 1980. Be KI addresses all target groups involved in the upbringing and education of children from age 6 months up to the end of the 6th grade and provides factual, validated, and independent information on child nutrition and nutrition education. Recently a comprehensive evaluation was carried out to assess the public health impact. Program, design and results of the evaluation are presented. METHODS: According to the RE-AIM Model for health promotion programs the evaluation assesses the public health impact in regard of individual and institutional reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation, and maintenance by various methods (e. g. written surveys and interviews with experts of child nutrition, in day care facilities and primary schools supplemented by internal data of the Ministry). RESULTS: Be KI represents the nutrition education program for children in the German language area with the longest uninterrupted operation span. The number of assignments of the child nutrition experts has been increasing ever since Be KI's official inception in 1980. During the school year 2004/2005 the experts carried out 6090 assignments, predominantly in primary schools which accounted for 60% of the assignments. About a third of schools know Be KI. The majority of kindergarten and school teachers who know the experts of child nutrition or the compilation use these offers. Many teachers use Be KI-components without knowing that they belong to Be KI. As a result of Be KI some of the teachers noticed short-time changes: pupils eat healthier break-time snacks and change their attitude towards a more balanced diet. Concerning the frequency of nutrition education and teachers attitude there are hardly any differences between institutions with Be KI and without Be KI. CONCLUSION: Be KI meets the main requirements of effective nutrition education programs for children: it is creative, engaging, inexpensive an widely dissiminated. Contents and methods of the provided materials correspond to the development level of the target groups. But communication and networking with educational institutions as well as public relations should be intensified and teachers in day care facilities and school teachers should be motivated to work with the Be KI-materials on their own (empowerment). Room for improvement exists in regard of a permanent straightforward evaluation system and a more pronounced orientation of the prevention program towards the social environment would be helpful.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1989

Geriatric nutrition.

In recent decades, veterinary medicine has become more successful in prolonging the healthy, useful lives of pets. As a result, the practitioner spends a greater part of each practice day caring for the geriatric animal, both healthy and unhealthy. Because of their longevity, older pets are typically regular family members, with owners who seek the finest health care possible for their pets. The practice of geriatric medicine most properly should begin not when the dog or cat reaches some specific "golden" age, but rather when the wiggly, robust puppy or kitten receives its first examination. Like all parts of a sound preventive program, geriatric nutrition best follows from a well-considered juvenile and adult nutrition program. Furthermore, once it becomes senior, the "well" geriatric is as much a candidate for a diet designed especially to accommodate old age changes as is his unhealthy contemporary. In fact, evidence suggests that appropriate dietary management of the healthy, but often subclinical, patient may help postpone the signs of dysfunction and increase quality and length of life. A knowledge of the most significant nutrients and the impact of each on aging systems is now, and will become increasingly more, important to the progressive, skillful veterinarian.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

Nutrition analysis of prosthodontic patients.

A program of nutrition training has been included in the undergraduate curriculum of the University of Washington School of Dentistry. Data obtained indicated that involved patients were receptive and that many showed improvement in dietary habits. Nutritional analysis and counseling can be introduced into a private-practice environment with very little increase in the dentist's work time. Procedures have been suggested that are efficient and effective. It is recommended that nutritional analysis and counseling be used routinely on all prosthodontic patients. This training should be included in the dental school curriculum so that students can become competent and comfortable in its use. To meet this objective, in-service training programs for faculty members are required. Careful attention to systemic factors such as nutrition will allow dentists to provide an enhanced level of care for patients. Concern for the general health of patients must continue to be a necessary part of prosthodontic care.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed1988

University wellness program: the effectiveness of students as nutrition counselors.

The Whole Body Health Program at San Jose State University was designed for employees who were interested in improving their general nutritional intake and fitness. This university wellness program furnishes students in nutrition and other health-related fields with valuable training and experience while also providing university employees with a work-site wellness program. As part of the wellness program and under faculty supervision, nutrition students conduct the Dietary Assessment Program by interviewing, assessing, and counseling clients. To determine whether the program was effective in improving participants' dietary habits, 16 previous participants were contacted by telephone. Fourteen agreed to be reinterviewed, and new dietary data were collected. Both the original (pre-program) and current (post-program) 24-hour recalls were evaluated according to the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), polyunsaturated to saturated (P:S) fat ratio, and percent of energy from fat and from carbohydrate. Reported mean consumption of cholesterol decreased from pre- to post-program for all subjects (pre = 383 mg, post = 242 mg; p less than or equal to .05). Those originally consuming more than 300 mg achieved a greater decrease in reported cholesterol consumption (pre = 487 mg, post = 234 mg; p less than or equal to .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Effect of nutrition supplement education on nutrition supplement knowledge among high school students from a low-income community.

Research has shown that adolescents from low-income communities receive less educational resources and support and may possess insufficient knowledge of nutrition and sport supplements to make health conscious decisions. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of a nutrition supplement educational intervention in improving the nutrition supplement knowledge of adolescents from a low-income community. Thirty-nine high school students from a low-income community were separated into experimental (E) (n = 22) and control (C) (n = 17) groups. E received 5 nutrition lessons on various nutrition and sport supplement topics. C did not receive any nutrition education. E consisted of 5 freshmen, 5 sophomores, 6 juniors, and 6 seniors. The ethnic backgrounds of E were: 15 African-Americans, 3 Hispanic-Americans, and 4 "others." There were 14 females and 8 males in E. C consisted of 9 freshmen, 1 sophomore, 4 juniors, and 3 seniors. The ethnic backgrounds of C were: 14 African-Americans, 1 Hispanic-American, and 2 "others." There were 10 females and 7 males in C. Both groups were administered a validated nutrition and sport supplement questionnaire at baseline and post-intervention that consisted of 28 questions. Mean baseline knowledge scores for E and C were 5.73 +/- 3.34 and 8.18 +/- 3.82, respectively (p = 0.040). Post-intervention scores were: 14.45 +/- 4.81 and 7.82 +/- 4.79 for E and C, respectively (p = 0.0001). These results indicate that a short-term nutrition education program can significantly improve nutrition and sport supplement knowledge in high school students of low socioeconomic status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Using disease-state management as the key to promoting employer sponsorship of medical nutrition therapy (continuing education credit).

The purpose of this project was to design, implement, and improve a nationwide medical nutrition therapy (MNT) intervention program for nutritionally at-risk employees and their dependents and retirees (hereinafter referred to as clients) with a Fortune 100 company (Texas Instruments, Dallas, Tex) with a dispersed population of 80,000. Preferred Nutrition Therapists (PNT), a network of registered dietitians, with the assistance of the Texas Instruments Health Promotion and Benefits Department, identified International Classification of Diseases, 9th ed (ICD-9), codes for which MNT intervention was appropriate. PNT then negotiated a contract with the Texas Instruments Health Promotion and Benefits Department and implemented clients' self-referral process. The main challenge was to promote utilization of a new service from an outside vendor (PNT) and to measure outcomes in meaningful ways. The goal was to use MNT as a tool to prevent the progression of clients' diseases to states that require more costly treatments. PNT used a continuous quality improvement process to refine the system and improve information gathering and reporting, by providing quarterly reports to the Health Promotion and Benefits Department. These reports summarized the outcomes for all clients seen at least 3 times during the quarter. The cost was less than $0.35 per member per month (less than the employer spent on advertising the program), and 0.5% of the population requested MNT during the first year of implementation (about what was expected for a new carveout benefit).

Aged↗
PubMed1996

On the making of a clinical nutritionist.

Clinical nutrition may be defined as the application of the principles of nutrition science and medical practice to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human disease caused by the deficiency, excess, or metabolic imbalance of nutrients. At present, many physicans do not appreciate the great traditions established by their forebears in this field (Hippocrates, Lind, Eijkman, Glisson, Casal, Livingstone, Hopkins, and Goldberger). They have tended to avoid nutritional problems, plead ignorance of nutrition principles, and delegate the nutritional care of their patients to paramedical personnel. Only by changing this situation can members of the medical profession offer adequate care to their patients. In this chapter, I have attempted to present the duties and responsibilities of a clinical nutritionist in an academic environment. A well-trained academician in such a position can improve the education of medical students in nutrition, attract well-motivated graduates into nutrition training programs, and establish clinical nutrition as a bona fide subspecialty of medicine.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Nutrition preparation and the geriatric nurse.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not geriatric nurses are prepared to implement nutrition interventions for high-risk elderly patients. Many factors can influence poor dietary intakes among the elderly, thus contributing to disease and impeding recovery from illness. The nurse, the main caregiver, must be prepared to care for this vulnerable population. Seventy-one geriatric nurses from randomly selected nursing homes and swing-bed facilities within a midwestern state were selected for participation in this descriptive-correlational study. The nurses were evaluated for nutrition knowledge as well as for demographic and educational correlates. This study supports a moderate correlation between the number and type of nutrition-related continuing education programs and nutrition knowledge levels of the geriatric nurses. Significant differences were found in geriatric nurses' nutrition knowledge scores in the following nutrition content areas: nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism; nutrition throughout the life cycle; diet and disease; cultural and regulatory considerations for food and nutrition; and nutrient quality.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Eat smart! Workplace Cafeteria Program evaluation of the nutrition component.

PURPOSE: The nutrition component of the Eat Smart! Workplace Cafeteria Program (ESWCP) in a hospital was evaluated. We assessed staff's frequency of visits to and purchases in the hospital cafeteria, attitudes about the program, short-term eating behaviour change, and suggestions to improve the ESWCP. METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to hospital staff members who were not on leave (n=504). Dillman's Tailored Design Method was used to design and implement the survey. Four mail-outs were used and yielded a 51% response rate. RESULTS: Eighty-seven percent of respondents visited the hospital cafeteria at least once a week in an average seven-day week, and 69% purchased one to five meals or snacks there each week. Eighty-six percent of respondents said that they were aware of the hospital's program. Notices on cafeteria tables were the primary method of learning about the program (67%). Reported program benefits included increased knowledge about healthy eating, convenience of having healthy foods in the cafeteria, and increased energy. CONCLUSION: Many respondents were aware of the program, provided positive comments about it, and reported positive changes in eating habits. However, future observational research is warranted to note foods served and sold before and after program implementation, as well as to examine whether results can be generalized to other settings.

Canada↗
PubMed2001

[Energy and nutrient intake in compulsory high school students].

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the dietary habits and energy and nutrient intake in secondary education students in a rural setting in order to design nutritional intervention strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, stratified according to scholastic year, was randomly distributed to 406 adolescents (194 boys and 212 girls) aged between 13 and 16 years. RESULTS: Mean energy and nutrient intake was significantly higher in girls than in boys. In both sexes, 20.1% of energy was derived from meat, 17.7% from milk and milk products, 15.4% from cereals, 14.6% from sweets, 12.9% from vegetables, 7.2% from oils, 5% from fruits, 1.7% from eggs and 0.7% from fish. Protein accounted for 14.8% of energy intake, carbohydrates for 41.7%, total fat for 43.5%, and saturated fat for 16.5%. Cholesterol intake was excessive and over two-thirds of protein intake was from animal sources. The mean intakes of calcium and magnesium, vitamins C and D and folate in boys, and the mean intakes of calcium, magnesium and iron, and vitamins C and D, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6 and folate in girls were below recommended levels. CONCLUSIONS: The dietary patterns of the secondary school students differed from the Mediterranean diet. Intakes of meat and sugar were too high, while that of cereals, legumes, fruits and fish were insufficient, leading to excessive fat intake from animal sources at the expense of complex carbohydrates and insufficient mineral and vitamin intake. Nutritional advice should be increased in primary care programs and nutritional education programs should be developed in secondary schools.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the Program of the Feeding and Language Stimulation Centers in 3 Chilean regions].

To evaluate the effect of attendance to a non traditional day care center ("CADEL") on physical and psychomotor development, 366 children aged 2-5 years belonging to 22 centers were studied. Weight and height were measured at 0, 4 and 8 months and weight for age, height for age and weight for height indexes were calculated from WHO/NCHS standards. Psychomotor development at the beginning of the study and 8 months latter through a standard test (TEPSI) was evaluated. Mean weight and height monthly increments were 144 +/- 83 g and 0.54 +/- 0.16 cm, 72 and 90% respectively of normal growth. Protein energy malnutrition prevalence (30.8%) was not modified but subnormal values of psychomotor development (40.9%) decreased during the study (p less than 0.05 global, coordination and motor function). Language retardation did not improve with the attendance to the program. These centers represent low cost alternatives to extended coverage of preschool services for low income families. More active family integration and reinforcement of stimulation and educational activities may improve program effectiveness.

Child Day Care Centers↗