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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

House dust mites and vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

The possible causative relationship between exposure to house dust mite allergen (HDMA) and symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) was investigated. VKC patients were evaluated for an average of 18 months using patient reports of symptoms, physicians' observations and assays of sera and tears for total and specific IgE to 10 inhalant allergens common in Israel, including HDMA. Tear and serum samples from a group of 8 patients reacted only with HDMA, and were compared with the tear and serum samples of a group of 11 patients not reacting to any of the above allergens. House dust samples from the homes of two VKC patients in the HDMA-reactive group were examined monthly for a year. While mites were detected throughout the year, they were approximately 3 times more abundant from June through September than at other times. 96.6% of the mites collected belonged to the family Pyroglyphidae; 91.0% were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and 5.5% Dermatophagoides farinae. Both the severity of VKC symptoms in HDMA-reactive patients and mite population levels peaked simultaneously in the summer. This relationship was not seen among the non-HDMA-reactive patients. Our results suggest that exposure to HDMA plays an important role in the aggravation of VKC symptoms in HDMA-reactive patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Inhaled aeroallergen and storage mite reactivity in a Wisconsin farmer nested case-control study.

A nested case-control study was undertaken to assess the role of antibody (Ab) to a panel of antigens associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis in the development of lung disease among Wisconsin dairy farmers. Immunologic reactivity to a panel of inhaled allergens was assessed in the Ab+ cases and compared to the Ab+ control, Ab- control, and Ab- blue-collar control subjects by skin tests, RAST assays, and a modified American Thoracic Society questionnaire. The most prevalent allergens among the cases as determined by either skin test or RAST assays were the house dust mites (HDM) (21.6%), storage mites (11.2%), grain smuts (11.2%), Cladosporium (7.5%), Aspergillus (6.0%), and cattle (5.2%). No other allergens appeared to be different from in nonfarming populations. Of the storage mite reactors, IgE to Lepidoglyphus destructor (7 of 8) was the most frequently found, followed by Tyrophagus putrescentiae (6 of 8), Glycyphagus domesticus (5 of 8), Chortoglyphus arcuatus (5 of 8), and Acarus siro (2 of 8). L. destructor was also isolated from the farm of one of the cases. There was no difference in the total IgE levels among the groups. Reactions to HDM, storage mites, and grain smuts were significantly more frequent among the cases (p < 0.05). We conclude from this study that there is a significant increase in reactivity to certain inhaled allergens among those dairy farmers reporting barn-associated respiratory symptoms that is unrelated to past exposure to the causative agents of farmer's lung disease.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed1995

Ivermectin treatment of a colony of guineapigs infested with fur mite (Chirodiscoides caviae).

Ivermectin was used for treating a breeding colony of guinea pigs heavily infested with fur mite Chirodiscoides caviae. In preliminary experiments on different dosages and routes of administration, spraying with diluted Ivomec (ivermectin 0.2 mg/ml) as well as applying undiluted ivermectin (10 mg/ml) drops on the fur proved effective and practical. The breeding colony was treated with diluted ivermectin aerosol and retreated two weeks later with undiluted ivermectin drops applied to the coat. After 3 months neither mites nor mite eggs were observed on microscopic examination. Two-and-a-half years later, the guinea pigs are still free of mites.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Suppression of collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice by preimmunization with house dust mite extract.

Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) can be induced in DBA/1J mice by immunization with bovine type II collagen (bCII) and is a model of some types of human autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis. In this study we examined whether preimmunization of the mice with various antigens could inhibit the development of CIA. Preimmunization of the mice with an extract of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (mite antigen), chicken ovalbumin, or keyhole limpet hemocyanin strongly inhibited CIA development, but hen egg lysozyme, beta-lactoglobulin from bovine milk or myelin basic protein from guinea pig brain did not substantially affect CIA development. Splenic T cells and serum antibodies specific for mite antigen did not cross-react with bCII. Preimmunization of the mice with mite antigen did not affect the IFN-gamma and proliferative response of splenic T cells to bCII, nor serum antibody responses. The most inhibitory constituent had a molecular weight between 1,000 and 10,000.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Asthma and allergy to house-dust mites in populations living in high altitudes.

Do subjects living in high altitude where house-dust mites are known to be uncommon exhibit a lower prevalence of asthma and allergy to house-dust mites? To answer this question, we compared the prevalence rates of asthma and skin reactions to house-dust mites in two towns with contrasted environments: Marseille, located on the seashore, and Briançon, 1350 m in altitude. The study population consisted of a random sample of 4,008 people in Marseille and 1,055 people in Briançon. All subjects received a home questionnaire, and a sample of patients and asymptomatic subjects had a skin-prick test evaluation. The cumulative prevalence of asthma was equal to 4.1 percent in Marseille and 2.4 percent in Briançon, a difference which was significant (p = 0.01). The prevalence of positive skin tests to housedust mites in asymptomatic subjects was equal to 27.5 percent in Marseille and 10.2 percent in Briançon (p less than 0.001). This study supports the hypothesis that exposure to environmental factors may have a major influence on developing allergic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Performance of a pyrethroid-resistant strain of the predator mite Typhlodromus pyri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) under different insecticide regimes.

An organophosphate pyrethroid-resistant strain of Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten imported from New Zealand was reared on potted apple trees in an outdoor insectary. From 1988 to 1995, the population was selected one to three times per year with a dilute solution (1.7 ppm) of the pyrethroid cypermethrin. Petri dish bioassays with cypermethrin in 1995 indicated that the insectary-reared T. pyri had an LC50 of 81 ppm versus 0.006 ppm for native T. pyri taken from a research orchard. The bioassays suggested that recommended orchard rates of cypermethrin would cause heavy mortality in native populations of T. pyri but only moderate losses in the imported New Zealand strain. Bioassays in 1996 with the organophosphate insecticide dimethoate indicated both New Zealand and native T. pyri were susceptible and that recommended orchard rates of dimethoate likely would cause high mortality of T. pyri in apple orchards. These findings from bioassays were supported by data from orchard trials. In June and July 1993, insectary-reared New Zealand T. pyri were placed on five apple trees in each of eight 38-tree plots in the research orchard. In late August 1994, New Zealand T. pyri from orchard trees that had been sprayed twice by airblast sprayer with the full recommended rate of 50 g (AI)/ha (83 ppm) cypermethrin were placed on the other 33 trees in each of six plots. In the summers of 1994-1996, plots were treated with one of the following insecticide regimes: (1) conventional integrated pest management (IPM) (registered neurotoxic insecticides considered harmless or slightly toxic to T. pyri); (2) advanced IPM (use of newer, more selective insecticides); (3) pyrethroid (at least one full-rate application of cypermethrin); (4) dimethoate; and (5) dimethoate plus pyrethroid. Densities of European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), were highest in all plots treated with dimethoate and in pyrethroid plots not yet inoculated with New Zealand T. pyri. Densities of apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa), and of the stigmaeid predator Zetzellia mali (Ewing) were highest in plots treated with dimethoate and were nearly absent in the IPM plots. Densities of T. pyri were high enough for effective biocontrol in the IPM plots and in the pyrethroid plots 1-2 yr after release of the New Zealand strain, provided pyrethroid was applied just before the resistant strain was released in the orchard. A recurring theme of this study was the generally negative association between densities of phytophagous mites and those of T. pyri, suggesting the ability of this predator to suppress their prey. In contrast, the positive association between phytophagous mites and Z. mali suggests the inability of this predator to regulate their prey at least under the conditions of this study.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Mite vectors (Acari: Trombiculidae) of scrub typhus in a new endemic area in northern Kyoto, Japan.

Between 1983 and 1999, 27 human cases of scrub typhus (two fatal) occurred in the Nodagawa River basin of northern Kyoto, Japan, an area where no cases had been previously reported. Antibody screening of infected patients' sera showed that nine of 15 patients had high titers against the Gilliam type of Orientia tsutsugamushi (Hayashi). To determine the vector mite transmitting the disease, we studied rodent and chigger populations in and near a rice field alongside the Nodagawa River between 1996 and 1999. The most common rodent species was Microtus montebelli (Milne-Edwards), representing 73.3% (33/45) of the population. The mite index (average number of mites per infested host) was highest (190.8) in Leptotrombidium pallidum Nagayo, Mitamura & Tamiya parasitizing on M. montebelli, followed by Leptotrombidium intermedium (Nagayo, Mitamura & Tamiya) (174.9) on the same host species. Orientia tsutsugamushi was isolated from 60.5% (23/38) of rodents and from 71.2% (37/52) of pools of engorged L. pallidum. The Gilliam type of O. tsutsugamushi was most prevalent in rodents, and in engorged L. pallidum and it was the only type recovered from 10 isolates inoculated into L 929 cells for indirect immunofluorescence examination. Orientia tsutsugamushi infected 14.3% (181/1263) and 14.8% (306/2066) of engorged and unfed L. pallidum larvae, respectively, and was also detected in 0.055% (2/3634) of unfed L. intermedium, although previous studies suggest that this mite rarely bites humans. These results show that L. pallidum is the primary vector species of scrub typhus in this new endemic area in Japan.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Month of birth and sensitization to dust mites in New England.

Charts from 908 patients born in New England and seen at the Lahey Clinic because of allergic rhinitis or asthma or both were reviewed to ascertain whether or not a relationship existed between month of birth and subsequent development of allergy to house dust mites. Prick/puncture and intradermal skin tests for aeroallergens were performed on all patients. Skin tests for Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) mite were scored very positive (VP) in 451 patients (49.7%), mildly positive (MP) in 234 patients (25.7%), and negative (NEG) in 223 patients (24.6%). No discernible difference in frequency of birth could be identified for any single month for either Df-sensitive or Df-negative patients. Comparisons of 4-month periods (May through August, September through December, and January through April) failed to show a seasonal predilection for month of birth. During the 6-month period of February through July, a slight difference was observed for the overall group of 908 patients: 240 of the VP patients (53.2%), 111 of the MP patients (47.4%), and 105 of the NEG patients (47.1%) were born within this period compared with 211 VP patients (46.8%), 123 MP patients (52.6%), and 118 NEG patients (52.9%) who were born within the period of August through January. The difference among the groups was not statistically different (P = 0.20). Of the 225 children and adolescents who were either VP or MP, 125 patients (55.6%) were born within the period of February through July; of the 83 children and adolescents who were NEG, 37 patients (44.6%) were born within that same period. Although dust-mite allergic patients and, in particular, children and adolescents with asthma or rhinitis or both tended to be born within the period of February through July, no clear-cut statistically significant predilection in month of birth or season could be identified for New England-born adult or pediatric mite-allergic patients with rhinitis or asthma or both.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Human infestation with bird mites in Wollongong.

This is a report of a case of bird mite infestation which occurred in Wollongong in mid-December 1996. The individual suffered hundreds of bites, most of which were marked by itchy red papules 3-4 mm in diameter. Tiny mobile parasites (< 1 mm) collected from the skin and adjacent bedroom wall were identified as bird mites from the family Gamasidae, most probably from the genus Ornithonyssus. The source of the infestation was a starling nest under the eaves adjacent to the bedroom. The report summarises the ways bird mite bites can be distinguished from other insect and arachnid bites. If bird mite infestation is not correctly diagnosed, families who attempt to repeatedly treat it as if it were lice or scabies may incur considerable expense until the source of infestation is eliminated.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1978

Preliminary observations on northern fowl mite infestations on estrogenized roosters and in relation to initial egg production in hens.

Treatment of normal male Leghorn chickens with doses of estradiol ranging from .1 to 1.0 mg per week caused only a slight increase in resistance to infestation with northern fowl mites. The resistance phenomenon did not increase linearly with estradiol dose. Pullets were initially resistant to mite infestation; however, susceptibility was noted to increase markedly near the time of initial egg-production. These data indicate that sex hormones may be related to mite resistance in chickens, but that estrogen alone is probably not responsible for the difference in mite susceptibility between male and female birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A nonchemical method of controlling the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sulviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago), on caged White Leghorn hens.

Populations of the northern fowl mite on hens but not on roosters were significantly reduced relative to normally feathered chickens when feathers in the vent area were clipped to 2 to 3 mm length. The average difference in egg production between the control (no mites) and the clipped mite-infested hens was only 2.6% during the 22-week study, but the average difference between the control and the unclipped mite-infested hens was 7.6%, which was significantly different (P less than .01). Egg weight, hen body weight, and feed consumption of the three groups of hens were not significantly different.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Dispersal of the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago), and the chicken body louse, Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch), among thirty strains of egg-type hens in a caged laying house.

From September 1978 through Februrary 1979, dispersal of uncontrolled, naturally occurring populations of the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago), and the chicken body louse, Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzch) was studied on 30 strains of egg-type pullets reared to 20 weeks old on four growing rations before being housed for egg production. Hens representing all 30 strains and each of the four feeding regimens had mites. The northern fowl mite spread from initial infestations down the entire length of the house in 1 month; after four months, the chicken body louse had spread approximately two-thirds the length of a cage row in the house. Populations of the northern fowl mite increased from very light to extra heavy within 1 month and then began a slow decline.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparisons of permethrin formulations and application methods for northern fowl mite control on caged laying hens.

Formulations of permethrin (Ectiban), a synthetic pyrethroid, as an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), wettable powder (WP), and dust were nearly equally effective for 9 or more weeks for control of the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago), on caged laying hens under environmentally controlled conditions. The permethrin was applied to the vent area as .05% active ingredient (AI) spray of the diluted EC or WP at 40 ml per bird, .1% AI mist of the diluted EC at 20 ml per bird, and 4.5 g per bird of the .25% AI dust. Dilute sprays of .05% permethrin prepared from the EC and WP and applied at 40 ml per bird were more effective in a commercial caged-laying hen house for northern fowl mite control than were .5% sprays of tetrachlorvinphos (Rabon), Ravap, and carbaryl (Sevin). Satisfactory mite control was obtained with .6% permethrin prepared from the EC and misted at the rate of 2.5 ml per bird. Low volume, high concentration misting of permethrin was a promising method for mite control with satisfactory control achieved with .2% AI at 5 ml per bird and .6% AI at 2.5 ml per bird.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1983

Control of the northern fowl mite on inanimate objects by fumigation: laboratory studies.

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the efficacies of phosphine, methyl bromide, and sulfur dioxide as fumigants for the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago), on inanimate objects. We were able to demonstrate that either methyl bromide or sulfur dioxide could kill all physiological forms of mites within 24 hr, which would be desirable for field use. Prosphine gas, released from Phostoxin pellets, had an LD95 of 18 hr for motile forms of the mites; however, it took 30 hr to kill the mite eggs. Therefore, it would be an unsuitable fumigant for practical field usage.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed1992

[Inhibitory activity of mite IgG4, antibody on antigen-induced histamine release from human peripheral blood leukocytes].

Several reports have yielded conflicting results on the role of IgG4 antibody on the surfaces of target cells in immediate type allergy. This study was performed to elucidate whether IgG4 antibody inhibits IgE-mediated histamine release from target cells after antigenic stimulation, and whether it has reaginic activity. Serum was obtained from patients with nasal allergy receiving specific immunotherapy for housedust and mites. IgE and IgG4 were enriched affinity chromatographically using monoclonal antibodies to IgE and IgG4, respectively, from the pooled sera. Both fraction revealed high antibody activity to Dermatophagoides Farinae antigen. Peripheral blood leukocytes from three non-allergic donors were passively sensitized with 100 or 300 micrograms of IgG4 according to the method of Levy and Osler with a slight modification. Minimal or no histamine release was observed from leukocytes after challenge with both mite antigen and anti-IgG4 monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, to investigate the reaginic activity of IgG4, leukocytes from patients with nasal allergy were stimulated with anti-IgG4 antibodies. The leukocytes of only three out of twenty patients released up to 10% histamine regardless of the IgG4 concentration, while the other patients' leukocytes released minimal amounts of histamine. Two of the three above-mentioned non-allergic donors were passively sensitized with 100 or 300 micrograms of IgG4 either one hour after sensitization with 100 ngs of IgE or simultaneously with the same amount of IgE. After sensitization with 100 ngs of IgE, one showed high-grade histamine release after challenge with 0.5 micrograms/ml mite antigen and the other showed middle-grade release with 0.1 micrograms/ml mite. With the presence of 300 micrograms of IgG4, histamine release was significantly inhibited in both donors regardless of the manner of sensitization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Host preference of the sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis.

Sheep scab mites, Psoroptes ovis, collected from a Merino donor sheep, were used to infest Merino and Dorper sheep, and Angora and Boer goats. Mites were placed on the sheep on 1 or 2 occasions and on 5 occasions on the goats. All the animals were examined at regular intervals for the presence of scab lesions and living mites. Both sheep breeds developed lesions, but those on the Merino sheep were always larger than those on the Dorper sheep at the same intervals after infestation. None of the goats developed lesions or showed signs of irritation, or harboured any mites.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical efficacy of milbemycin oxime in the treatment of nasal mite infection in dogs.

A multicentric clinical trial was done to evaluate the clinical efficacy of milbemycin oxime in the treatment of nasal mite (Pneumonyssoides caninum) infection in dogs. Milbemycin oxime was given to 70 dogs of different breeds, genders, and ages, with clinical signs associated with nasal mite infection. Twenty-five dogs had a verified infection, and 45 dogs had signs suggestive of nasal mite infection. Milbemycin oxime was given at the dosage of 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg body weight orally once a week for three consecutive weeks. One month after initiation of treatment, 68 of the dogs had no more clinical signs associated with nasal mite infection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Mite populations in sydney household bedding with particular reference to nursery sheepskins.

Samples of dust were collected from three articles of household bedding in twenty-two Sydney homes during a six-week period beginning in mid December, 1973. Mites, sometimes in large numbers, were found in all homes. The mean number of mites recovered from nursery sheepskins (all woollen) was thirteen times as high as the mean number from other forms of adult or infant bedding sampled. The high mean number in sheepskins is the result of massively high populations in seven of the eighteen skins sampled. Hospital sheepskins were almost almost uniformly mite free. Far fewer mites were collected from cot mattresses which were either vinyl topped or covered with a plastic coverslip than were collected from a cot mattress with a cotton top alone.

Allergens↗