Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Kuwait”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Reliability and factorial validity of the standard progressive matrices among Kuwaiti children ages 8 to 15 years.

The Raven Standard Progressive Matrices was administered to a sample of 6,529 children in Kuwait ranging in age from 8 to 15 years. Test-retest reliability (N = 968) ranged between .69 and .85, while Cronbach coefficients alpha ranged from .88 to .93, showing from acceptable to good temporal stability and from good to high internal consistency. The loadings of the five sets of matrices on the only salient factor ranged from .73 to .89 indicating the good factorial validity of the scale. The rtest seems useful in the Kuwaiti context.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Prediction of drivers' recognition of posted signs in five Arab countries.

The effects of six predictor variables, drivers' age, monthly income, years of education, sex, marital status, and nationality on perception of traffic signs were modeled through regression techniques. The populations sampled here were from Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar, and Oman. A total of 28 posted regulatory and warning signs were investigated. A questionnaire especially prepared for this study was distributed to 9,000 drivers in the five states, out of which 4,774 responded (53%). The drivers were selected according to stratified choice-based random sampling technique. Two prediction models were developed for assessment of drivers' recognition of regulatory and warning signs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Comment on large gender difference on death anxiety in Arab countries.

In the recent interesting and excellent article by Abdel-Khalek (2) the large mean difference between Death Anxiety Scale (6) for males and females in Lebanon was noted. I have also noted such large differences in other studies with subjects in Arab countries (1, 3, 4). These studies and that of Abdel-Khalek (2) provide a total of 12 gender differences in four different countries--Egypt, Kuwait, Lebanon, and Libya. Although these large gender differences would be notable in comparison to those of most studies in the United States or other English-speaking countries, the comparison was made with the differences provided by the two studies that presented norms and norm-like information (5, 8). These two studies contain 12 pairs of means for both sexes. Eight of the 12 Arab difference means were higher than the highest American difference mean (chi 2 = 12.00, p less than .01). The reason(s) for the larger gender differences on death anxiety are not known, but it appears reasonable to suggest that in countries in which there are large sex-role differences that likely include bravery, men would be more expected to report lower death anxiety than women. Cross-cultural and demographic research with the recently developed Death Depression Scale (7) would likely yield interesting findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Prevalence of depression among middle-school Kuwaiti students following the Iraqi invasion.

The prevalence of depression among 1981 middle-school students (995 boys and 986 girls) in Kuwait was estimated using the Arabic Children's Depression Inventory. Cronbach coefficients alpha for their scores were .86, .88, and .87, for boys, girls, and the combined group, respectively. There were 3.7% of boys and 4.8% of girls who attained total scores greater than 2 SDs above the mean. It was noted that subjects who have a martyr or a POW in the family exhibited a significant difference on depressive symptoms. The boys obtained a mean of 44.2 whereas the girls obtained a mean of 42.5. Further, there was a significant correlation between scores on depression and report of stressful experience. An interpretation of this finding was provided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Relations of the Arabic Type A behavior scale with measures of optimism and pessimism.

This study investigated the relation of Type A behavior dimensions and measures of optimism and pessimism. The sample of 322 undergraduate students were 80 men and 242 women at Kuwait University. Analysis showed that five dimensions of Type A behavior, accuracy and persistence, speed and time pressure, desire for promotion, seriousness and organization, and workaholism were positively correlated with optimism, while aggression was negatively correlated with optimism and positively correlated with pessimism. The multiple regression analysis indicated that speed and time pressure and desire for promotion contributed significantly to the prediction of optimism, while aggression predicted pessimism more than any other dimension of Type A behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Death anxiety in Spain and five Arab countries.

The present study compared death anxiety among volunteer undergraduates from Spain and five Arab countries, i.e., Egypt, Kuwait, Qatar, Lebanon, and Syria. The Templer Death Anxiety Scale was used in its Spanish and Arabic forms, respectively. The Mean for the Spanish sample was lower than that of their Arabic counterparts in the five countries, whether the subjects were men or women.

Anxiety↗
PubMed2006

Anxiety in Kuwaiti and American college students.

Samples of Kuwaiti (n=646) and American (n=320) undergraduates responded to the Kuwait University Anxiety Scale in Arabic and English, respectively. Differences by sex were significant, with women having a higher mean anxiety score than men and by country with Kuwaiti women having a higher anxiety score than American women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A comparative study of obstetric outcome of patients with pregnancy induced hypertension: economic considerations.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the obstetric outcome of patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) that delivered at the Maternity Hospital Kuwait within a period of six months and evaluate the economic implications of present management strategies. METHODS: This was a comparative study with age and parity, as matching variables, in 224 pregnant hypertensive women and 224 normotensive controls. RESULTS: During the study period, the incidence of PIH was 4.9 percent. They were more associated with diabetes mellitus and multiple pregnancy than controls (p < 0.02). About 43 percent of the hypertensive parturients used antihypertensive therapy. More of them had induction of labor (p < 0.001), preterm delivery (p < 0.0002) and cesarean section (p < 0.001), and babies with low birthweight (p < 0.01). In the linear regression analysis, hypertension in pregnancy gave rise to more hospitalisation, intrauterine growth retardation and operative deliveries than the normotensive controls. The perinatal mortality was higher (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Despite the economic expenditure of about five times more for hypertensive women in pregnancy than in controls, both obstetric and neonatal outcome, are still significantly worse in the former. This study therefore advocates more research into the prevention, prediction and management, including neonatal care, of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Otoscopy and tympanometry in screening for middle ear disorders in children.

In this study tympanometry and otoscopy were conducted in 893 children in Kuwait. Otoscopic examination revealed pathologic findings in 41.7%, while 30.6% had type B or C tympanograms. Based on referral criteria commonly used in tympanometry 31% of the children should be referred for further evaluation. Using the combined otoscopic and tympanometric evaluation of the ears the referral rate could be reduced to 18%.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1995

Progressive ischemic gangrene in dialysis patients: a clinicopathological correlation.

The syndrome of progressive ischemic gangrene (PIG) of the extremities was examined over 3.5 years in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis (MD) in Kuwait and was compared to that in a similar age group (> 40 years) in the general population. The incidence of PIG in MD patients was 15.4/1000 person years of observation (PYO) versus 0.086/1000 PYO in the general population. Patients with diabetes mellitus were found to be at particular risk. PIG developed in 41.4/1000 PYO of diabetic patients who received MD, compared to 7.1/1000 in nondiabetic patients on MD and 0.14/1000 in diabetics without renal disease. The clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histological findings in the 8 patients who developed PIG while on maintenance dialysis (MD) are presented. Two patients had severe hyperparathyroidism and their histological findings were consistent with systemic calciphylaxis. Histological examination, in the remaining patients, showed severe calcified atherosclerosis. Intimal hypertrophy was common especially in patients with long duration on dialysis. The three lesions produced a variable degree of luminal narrowing and were associated with arterial thrombosis. None of the patients showed evidence of iron deposition even in those with systemic calciphylaxis and excessive iron stores. Our study indicated a high incidence of PIG in patients undergoing MD, especially in those with diabetes mellitus. These findings constitute a cogent argument in favor of early parathyroidectomy in selected cases and concern with long-term consequences of atherosclerosis in this patient population.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Treatment of children with steroid refractory idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: the Kuwaiti experience.

Data on the treatment and outcome of Kuwaiti children with steroid refractory idiopathic glomerulonephritis (SRIGN), i.e. nephrotic syndrome who failed an eight-week course of prednisone, were collected retrospectively from the records of children attending the two renal centers of Kuwait between January 1, 1990 to December 31, 1996. During those seven years, a total of 34 Kuwaiti children were diagnosed to have SRIGN. Histologically, 22 (65%) of those patients had minimal change, 5 (15%) focal segmental GN, 2 (6%) non-IgA mesangioproliferative GN and one membranous GN. Twenty-two patients had manifested frequent relapses, six were steroid-dependent and six were steroid-resistant. Treatment options were in the following order: (a) small maintenance-dose of corticosteroids (< 0.5 mg/kg/alternate days); (b) cyclophosphamide and or chlorambucil for a single eight week-course or eight then 12 week courses (c) cyclosporin A for three months. The response to therapy was as follows: nine children were cured with low-dose corticosteroids; 17 with chlorambucil and/or cyclophosphamide; and five with cyclosporin A. At the end of study, only three children failed such drug therapy, two of who had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The changing role of Asian labour migration in the Middle East.

"The paper explores the changing role and origins of foreign labour in two labour importing states, Kuwait and Jordan.... Because Asian labour is cheaper, politically quiescent and more readily reexportable than Arab labour migrants it has become an increasingly important element of these labour forces.... The paper argues that the strategy of dependent development based on the state's import of large amounts of capital, labour and technology has emphasised specific national identities over a regional pan-Arab one." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Asia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of imported malaria by Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP-2)-based immunocapture assays.

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of two rapid non-microscopic assays: Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay (OptiMAL) and Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP-2) assay (ICT Malaria). The assays were used to detect malaria infection in 515 immigrants living in Kuwait. The performance of both assays was compared to that of microscopy of Giemsa-stained thick blood films and to each other. Of the 515 patients tested, 163 were positive for malaria parasites by microscopy of thick blood film. Of these, 87 were infected with Plasmodium vivax parasites, 63 with P. falciparum, 1 with Plasmodium malariae, and 12 had mixed infections of P. falciparum and P. vivax. The PfHRP-2 assay detected 53 P. falciparum infections and, as expected, failed to detect all but one case of P. vivax. Three cases of mixed infections were also not detected by this assay. The pLDH assay detected 56 P. falciparum cases and 77 P. vivax infections but failed to detect 4 cases of mixed infections. Compared to microscopy, the performance of both the assays to diagnose P. falciparum infection was comparable. The sensitivity for the PfHRP-2 assay was 82% with a specificity of 99.0% and for the pLDH assay the sensitivity was 89% with a specificity of 99.5%. The PfHRP-2 assay detected 4 false positive cases, 2 of which were also detected by the pLDH assay. These patients reported treatment with chloroquine in the last 2-5 weeks. Though the immunocapture diagnostic assays may be helpful in certain situations, microscopy of thick blood film is still the method of choice in diagnosing imported malaria.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence of musculoskeletal pain in adult Kuwaitis using the validated Arabic version of the WHO-ILAR COPCORD Core Questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: The WHO-ILAR Community Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) primarily aims to estimate the burden of musculoskeletal symptoms/disorders. We estimated the incidence of musculoskeletal pain in the first community-based COPCORD study in Kuwait SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The validated Arabic version of the WHO-ILAR COPCORD Core Questionnaire was used in a survey of 2500 randomly selected Kuwaiti households to assess the frequency of musculoskeletal pain, disability, and health-seeking behavior in adult Kuwaitis. Those subjects reporting no musculoskeletal pain were identified and followed-up for a period of one year by contacting them every 2 weeks. Once a respondent reported pain, an appointment to report to hospital was offered and the subject was examined by a rheumatologist using American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. RESULTS: Of 5159 adults who were non-complainers in an earlier prevalence phase of the study, 3341 responded to phone calls (response rate of 65%). The incidence of musculoskeletal pain was 6.6% (95% CI, 3.4%-9.7%) Age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates were 7.2% (95% CI, 3.4%-10.5%) for females and 6.1% (95% CI, 3.1%-9.2%) for males. The incidence rate increased with increasing age, body mass index, and with being married. The common sites of pain were knee, low back and shoulder. CONCLUSION: The incidence of musculoskeletal pain among Kuwaiti adults is reported for the first time. Further studies adopting the same instrument in other communities are warranted to compare with our findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Successful removal of a cerebellar hemangioblastoma in a combat support hospital.

The case of a 24-year-old male U.S. Marine Corps sergeant who presented with headache and ataxia to a combat support hospital (CSH) in Kuwait, during Operation Iraqi Freedom, is described. Imaging studies revealed a cystic brain neoplasm causing hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure. Because of the patient's deteriorating clinical condition and the high risk of further brain injury during a prolonged air evacuation flight, immediate surgery at the CSH was deemed the safest treatment option. The tumor was completely removed and the patient's symptoms resolved, allowing safe evacuation. A CSH is not intended to provide comprehensive neurosurgical capabilities and some equipment usually considered necessary to perform this surgery was unavailable, but field-expedient methods were devised to overcome these deficiencies. This is the first reported case of a brain tumor successfully removed in a CSH.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of field dental equipment in a deployment environment.

Dental officers and technicians must have reliable, durable, well-performing field dental equipment to enable them to provide dental care to deployed troops in operational environments. Unfortunately, no organized program exists to test such equipment before its purchase and use in the field. This article presents the results of a project conducted by the Naval Institute for Dental and Biomedical Research and the Air Force Dental Evaluation and Consultation Service to evaluate commercially available field dental equipment through laboratory testing and clinical-user evaluations in theater. The purpose of this 2-year project was to identify the best-performing and most cost-effective field dental equipment for possible future procurement. Initial laboratory testing was performed at the Naval Institute for Dental and Biomedical Research, and the equipment was then shipped to Kuwait for in-theater environmental and clinical-user testing. A seven-member scientific team of military dental officers and technicians was deployed for 1 month to perform in-theater testing under regional environmental conditions and to coordinate clinical-user evaluations. The testing provided beneficial results by identifying equipment that performed properly and equipment that exhibited shortcomings serious enough to render it inadequate for operational use. It is recommended that the project serve as a model for future testing and evaluation of medical/dental equipment by all of the military services.

Dental Equipment↗
PubMed1999

Environmental air sampling to detect biological warfare agents.

The rapid and unequivocal detection and identification of biological warfare agents is a major goal of military and civilian defense authorities. To identify agents of concern in an environmental sample, a reliable, region-specific characterization of the microorganisms found naturally at the sampling location is required. We have analyzed environmental air samples from Korea, Kuwait, and Bahrain by polymerase chain reaction and temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis and have produced genetic fingerprints of the natural microbial flora in these regions. Results are displayed as specific bar code patterns against which the unique patterns of potential biological warfare agents appearing in a sample can be quickly discriminated. Data are stored on compact disk, along with other laboratory analyses and relevant meteorological data, and are available to appropriate authorities and researchers.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed2001

Overcoming the effects of disasters: a rationale for the Kuwaiti CISM Program.

Data suggest that the people employed in the emergency response professions are under unusually high stress. This factor may adversely affect their social, psychological and emotional well-being. The Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) program was devised by Drs. Jeffrey T. Mitchell and George Everly, Jr. in order to help emergency workers overcome the obstacles that hinder them from performing positively in their chosen fields. The objectives of this paper are twofold: 1) it will report on the results of a study on 108 Kuwaiti firefighters and the relationship between cognitive interpretations and the manifestation of symptoms of PTSD; and, 2) it will describe the development of a CISM program to assist in the recovery from the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.

Affect↗