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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Primary prevention of child sexual abuse: a critical review. Part II.

This paper (Part II) and the previous paper (Part I) provide an overview of the primary prevention of child maltreatment. Part II focuses on the effectiveness of interventions aimed at the primary prevention of child sexual abuse. It includes prospective controlled trials published between January 1979 and May 1993. These studies were systematically identified and the quality of each trial was determined using criteria which assessed methodological rigor. Interventions aimed at the prevention of sexual abuse were classified into eight main categories based on the method of intervention. All programs had education as the primary focus. There is evidence that educational programs can improve safety skills and knowledge of children about sexual abuse but no study has produced data that education actually reduces the occurrence of sexual abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Circular questioning.

The plan of this paper is to explore the question: Does a model that includes the principles of double description, circularity, and coevolutionary change, all accounting for shifts in family coalitions over time and the emergence of problems in connection with these shifts, allow the family therapist to design better methods for the understanding and practice of family therapy? Concepts of double description, coevolution, and circularity from Gregory Bateson's writing and the research of other scientists describe the translation of these ideas from pure epistemology to the pragmatics of family therapy. Circular questioning developed by the Milan Associates is presented as a practice method exemplifying how these notions of circularity and coevolutionary change--especially changes in family patterns--are used during actual family sessions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Parenting, protecting, preserving: mission of the adolescent female runaway.

This paper presents a systemic framework for therapy with families of adolescent female runaways. The runaway adolescent is viewed as serving three functions within her family. First, she often parents her parents and siblings. Second, she protects her parents' marriage and regulates marital distance. Third, she preserves her family unit at the preadolescent developmental stage. Interventions are described that remove the adolescent from those roles by empowering the parents to take charge of the adolescent, by changing the communication process such that the couple deal with their marital issues without the help of the teenager, and by facilitating the family's movement toward a new stage of separation and individuation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Parenting behaviors of women who were sexually abused as children in their families of origin.

This research explored links between a childhood history of family sexual abuse and current parenting behaviors of mothers of school-age children, using observations of family interaction and interviews with the mothers. Videotaped family interaction tasks, analyzed with Benjamin's Structural Analysis of Social Behavior, showed that women who had been sexually abused in their childhood families were more self-focused, rather than child-focused, compared to nonabused women. In interviews, the women who had been abused gave strong evidence of greater reliance on their children for emotional support. These findings lend support to theoretical and clinical impressions of highly permeable intergenerational boundaries, including parent-child role reversal, in family systems marked by child sexual abuse, even when the abuse occurred in the previous generation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Discourses in the mirrored room: a postmodern analysis of therapy.

A postmodern approach is used to examine the discourses that circulate in the therapy room. Dominant discourses support and reflect the prevailing ideologies in the society. Three ready examples concern gender relations: the male sex drive discourse, the permissive discourse, and the marriage-between-equals discourse. I point out how the therapy room is a mirrored room that can reflect back only the discourses brought to it by the family and therapist. There is a predetermined content in the conversation of therapy: that provided by the dominant discourses of the language community and culture. I suggest that therapists need to develop a reflexive awareness if muted discourses are to enter the mirrored room.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Long-term effects of intrafamilial sexual abuse in childhood.

This study reports results from follow-up interviews with 301 women aged 18-44 years who were first identified 2 years earlier in a cross-sectional study of 1498 adults in the general population of the city of Christchurch, New Zealand. The prevalence of intrafamilial sexual abuse was 13%. This incestuous sexual abuse in childhood was associated with an increase in many adult mental symptoms, particularly symptoms of depression, bulimia and generalized anxiety. In this community study the consequences associated with sexual abuse within the family appear to be widespread and not very specific, and show as additional comorbidity rather than as increased severity within a disorder. These results do not support the strong direct causal effects postulated in some theories derived from clinical studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Post-traumatic stress disorder and amygdala-hippocampectomy.

OBJECTIVE: The case report suggests the indispensability of preoperative accurate psychiatric checkups especially in temporal resections. METHOD: A single case was reported. RESULTS: We report the case of a 20-year-old woman suffering for 12 years from primary generalized epilepsy, attributed to left-sided hippocampal sclerosis. Because seizures were resistant to drug therapy, she underwent amygdala-hippocampectomy at the age of 18. Furthermore, she had previously been victim of childhood sexual abuse. Two weeks after epilepsy surgery, she manifested symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). CONCLUSION: There is evidence that the amygdala-hippocampal region is both functionally and morphologically involved in the aetiology of PTSD. The removal of this marked neuroanatomical region and the resulting disconnection and asymmetry between right and left amygdala-hippocampal region might be seen as an evidence for this region aetiologically being involved in the patient's PTSD symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The phenomena of police fantasies, leg fetish, and father identification in a homosexual male.

TOPIC: The relationship of police fantasies and leg fetish to identification with the father in a homosexual male. PURPOSE: To describe two manifestations of identification with the father in a male homosexual. SOURCE: The author's clinical work. CONCLUSION: It is important to decode current behavior in light of theory and past history, to help clients move from potentially destructive behavior to satisfying interpersonal interactions.

Fantasy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nonepileptic seizures: reframing the diagnosis.

PROBLEM: Protocols for disclosing the diagnosis of psychological pseudoseizures have been developed. However, outcomes have not been carefully studied. METHOD: Using a retrospective design, the investigators evaluated the outcomes by interviewing patients 2 years after diagnosis who received the diagnosis using a specific protocol. FINDINGS: There was a reduction in symptoms demonstrated by reports of lessened intensity of events or actual reduction in the number of events in 86% of those interviewed. CONCLUSION: This protocol proved helpful in the acceptance of the diagnosis and improved adherence to the treatment recommendations after disclosure of the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disclosing the details of child sexual abuse: can imaginative literature help ease the suffering?

PROBLEM: Research indicates that full disclosure of the events surrounding child sexual abuse, while therapeutic, is often difficult to achieve. METHODS: A nonconventional research approach was employed in order to examine more closely the lived experience of these children. Two novels were analyzed using close reading. FINDINGS: Details of the events and resultant dehumanization of the children were uncovered, as well as the rescuing role of the ancestor. Writing emerged also as a therapeutic tool that facilitated disclosure and helped to promote healing. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of imaginative literature enables the reader to examine sensitive topics like sexual abuse and contributes to its treatment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1980

Child sexual abuse: a review.

The sexual abuse of children is a significant problem in the United States. It is a traditionally touchy subject which has been hidden by cultural stereotypes and taboos. It is only in the last 10, and especially the last 5 years that the true scope and essence of child sexual abuse has begun to be understood. This article reviews the recent literature dealing with child sexual abuse and identifies the role health educators can play in combating this problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The sexually misused child.

This paper, based on a study of pediatric emergency room records and on clinical experience, suggests that sexual misuse of children often goes unrecognized, and that this diagnosis must be considered in all children seen for genital injury, irritation, and infection. It is concluded that sexual misuse is most often a symptom of family dysfunction; preliminary guidelines for case management are offered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The character-disordered family: a community treatment model for family sexual abuse.

A collaborative approach to treating sexually abusive families is described, in which such families are viewed as analogous to "character-disordered" individuals. This model, unlike traditional voluntary treatment models, assumes that effective intervention requires authoritative control and careful corrdination of all professional activity. Phases of treatment are outlined and a case history is presented.

Adolescent↗