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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Accidental hypothermia and frost-bite in Antarctica.

Two members of an Australian Antarctic expedition suffered hypothermia and frost-bite when they were stranded onshore after their small boat was swamped. Their efforts at field survival until recovery, six hours later, are described. At rescue one patient was found to have frost-bite and a core temperature of 30 degrees C. He was treated successfully by rapid rewarming in a hot bath. The other victim was considerably less hypothermic and suffered only mild frost-bite. Contrary to expectations the tall thin patient fared much better than the short heavier one. Possible explanations for this difference are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Schedule for rating disabilities: cold injuries--VA. Final rule.

This document amends the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Schedule for Rating Disabilities by revising the provisions governing evaluations for cold injury residuals. The intended effect of this amendment is to provide evaluation criteria based on current medical knowledge about the long-term effects of cold injury that can be applied to any part of the body affect by cold injury.

Arthralgia↗
PubMed2000

Army psychiatry in the Korean War: the experience of 1 Commonwealth Division.

This study seeks to investigate the incidence of psychiatric casualties in 1 Commonwealth Division during the Korean War. It had been hypothesized that these casualties were unusually low compared with earlier conflicts. Casualty returns and psychiatric reports were analyzed and showed that the war fell into two phases determined by the intensity of combat, which, in turn, influenced the nature of the psychiatric disorders encountered. Rates of acute combat stress were closely correlated with battle casualties, although not with total psychiatric admissions or nonbattle injuries. The limitations imposed on the psychiatric liaison service by the medical organization suggested that the incidence of psychosomatic cases, including cold injury, may have been unintentionally underreported.

Combat Disorders↗
PubMed1975

Antarctic medicine, 1775-1975. I.

An historical review is made of Antarctic medical practice, which is unique because of the absence of an indigenous population. This review begins with the primitive shipboard practice of doctors accompanying Captain James Cook around 1775 and concludes with the modern era of permanent stations and vast scientific endeavour. The heroic era of Scott, Shackleton, Amundsen and Mawson and the highly mechanized transition period are contrasted with the present day. Medical practice on modern expeditions has reached a high standard, but there is still much to be learned concerning human adaptation. Comment is made on the possible utilization of Antarctica's natural resources bringing increases in polar populations and facilitating the expansion of medical research in the future era of polar medicine.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed2000

Injuries and risk factors in an 18-day Marine winter mountain training exercise.

OBJECTIVES: This study determined the incidence of and risk factors for injuries among 356 Marines during a winter mountain training exercise. METHODS: Marines received a podiatry screening and completed a questionnaire on race, education, tobacco use, height, weight, and fitness (4.8-km run, sit-ups, pull-ups). RESULTS: Forty-five Marines (12.6%) reported at least one injury each, 68.9% of which were traumatic injuries. Total injuries resulted in 114 days of limited duty time. A final foot examination (N = 141) revealed 118 injuries (82.2% blisters and abrasions, 11.9% frostnip). White ethnicity was a risk factor for overall injuries, and forefoot varus alignment was a risk factor for traumatic injuries. Lower education and rank and smokeless tobacco use were associated with foot injuries. The Marine ski-march leather boot and smoking were related to foot cold injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Military winter training is associated with injuries and lost training time. Risk factors were identified, suggesting that these injuries may be preventable.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Estimation of cytosolic free calcium within synaptosomes with fluorescene indicator Fura-2].

Intracellular free calcium [Ca2+]i concentration has become a focus of attention for investigators in the field of brain edema. It is the purpose of the present study that the changes of the concentration of the free calcium within cortical neurons were investigated on the model of brain edema induced by freezing injury. [Ca2+]i was determined in calcium fluorescent indicator Fura-2/AM loaded neuronal synaptosomes by using mono-wave length spectrofluorophotometer. The method for preparing synaptosomes, and the method and mechanism of concentration of cytosolic free calcium using fluorescent indicator Fura-2/AM were studied.

Animals↗