SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
An electric table lamp covered by a wooden plate with an opening for the fluorescein angiographic film frame can be used in conjunction with a +20-diopter lens for good quality magnification of fluorescein angiograms.
Strangulation obstruction was induced in anesthetized ponies for periods of 2 and 3 hours by clamping 45-cm segments of jejunum and associated veins (venous strangulation obstruction) and arteries and veins (arterial and venous strangulation obstruction). Four segments were studied in each of 7 ponies allowed to survive 12 hours, 2 segments in a pony that was allowed to survive 1 hour, and 1 segment in each of 10 ponies allowed to survive 42 days after the strangulation periods ended. Fifteen minutes after the periods of strangulation obstruction ended, the viability of test segments was assessed by clinical judgment (40 segments), fluorescein fluorescence (40 segments), and Doppler ultrasound (32 segments). Because the test segments were normal at necropsy in long-term survivors, all segments were designated as viable. The overall accuracy of the methods used to predict viability was 88% for Doppler ultrasound and 53% each for clinical judgment and fluorescein fluorescence (P less than 0.005). Failures in the last 2 techniques could be attributed to their tendency to score venous strangulation obstruction segments as nonviable (90% for each). Doppler ultrasound was 94% accurate in these segments.
Little is known about the dynamic vasculature of the tympanic membrane, despite the fact that it is within easy view of the otolaryngologist. An understanding of its blood supply dynamics may lead to a better understanding of the tympanic membrane's physiological properties and response to surgery. Also, certain patterns of blood flow may correlate with disease entities and be of diagnostic value. Currently, we have done 30 fluorescein angiograms of the tympanic membrane. The fluorescein angiograms from a normal ear and from ears with several types of ear pathology are described.
Fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibodies have now been developed for use in the diagnosis of chlamydial conjunctivitis. This article discusses a clinical trial involving the use of such antibodies. We found that topical application of fluorescein before obtaining a specimen did not result in a statistically significant rate of false positives in a control group of patients.
Kinetic of changes in the fluorescence intensity of macrophages in a medium containing fluorescein diacetate (FDA) has been analysed. It is shown that under certain conditions the intensity of macrophages retains a constant level for rather a long time. The addition of stimulants such as lipopolysaccharide or tuftsin to the incubation medium leads to characteristic changes in the cell fluorescence level related to the increase in the activity of FDA intracellular hydrolyses and fluorescein efflux from macrophages. It is concluded that the kinetic of changes in the macrophages fluorescence intensity in a medium with FDA may serves as a test for detecting early functional changes upon macrophage activation.
To observe microembolic events in the central nervous system during cardiopulmonary bypass, we subjected 21 patients undergoing elective coronary operations to retinal fluorescein angiograms 5 minutes before cardiopulmonary bypass was discontinued. Patients with diabetes or clinically evident cerebrovascular disease were excluded. Bubble oxygenation and nonpulsatile perfusion were used for bypass. After 31 to 167 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass, all 21 (100%) patients had retinal microvascular occlusions indicative of microembolism. Control fluorescein angiograms obtained preoperatively and in five patients immediately before bypass but after aortic cannulation showed retinal perfusion. During bypass there was a mean of 3.5 (range 1 to 7) blocked arterioles of less than 50 micron caliber and a mean of 6.3 (range 1 to 10) focal areas of capillary nonperfusion per 30-degree field of retina centered on the macula per patient. Repeat studies 30 minutes after discontinuation of bypass showed partial reperfusion with occlusions in four of the five (80%) patients and a decrease in the mean total microembolic count from 12.6 to 4.8 (38%). In later studies at a median of 8 days postoperatively, only two of 16 (12.5%) patients had persistently occluded retinal vessels. The total microembolic count did not correlate with bypass time (r = 0.14) and was not reduced by arterial line filtration with a Pall 40 micron filter (Ultipore) in a subgroup of 11 patients. Twenty patients completed four standardized psychometric tests. Retinal microvascular occlusions were more numerous in those patients with a psychometric deficit (n = 7) than in those with no deficit (n = 13; p = 0.075). In a dog model of cardiopulmonary bypass, eight of nine (88.9%) had retinal microvascular occlusions after 10 to 90 minutes of bypass. Retinal histologic studies revealed intravascular platelet-fibrin microaggregates 20 to 70 micron in diameter and focal ischemic changes in seven of the nine (77.8%) dogs. Six dogs undergoing sham bypass had normal retinal perfusion and histologic findings. This study demonstrates a very high incidence of microvascular occlusions in the territory of the internal carotid artery during bypass consistent with a microembolic origin. The clinical significance of these findings is uncertain.
The feasibility of using fluorescein-conjugated lectins to visualize and differentiate three fungi commonly involved in ophthalmic mycoses was evaluated. Using a panel of fluorescein-conjugated lectins, Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Fusarium solani were rapidly and reproducibly visualized in in vitro culture isolates, as well as in tissue samples and fixed histopathologic specimens taken from experimental mycoses. Additionally, Aspergillus and Fusarium were consistently differentiated from Candida. The binding affinities of the different lectins corresponded well with the individual sugar composition of the fungal cell walls.
A new method of exocrine pancreatic function testing is described. After oral administration of a standard meal containing fluorescein dilaurate (FDL) metoclopramide (10 mg) and secretin (1 U/kg) are given as intravenous bolus injection. The best discrimination between normal and abnormal pancreatic function was found to be the individual peak serum fluorescein concentration within 180 minutes. 184 patients were studied and divided into 4 groups according to the final diagnosis: group 1: 44 healthy controls; group 2: 87 patients with chronic pancreatitis; group 3: 21 patients with different pancreatic diseases; group 4: 32 patients with different gastrointestinal disorders. Sensitivity of the FDL serum-test in detecting chronic pancreatitis was 87%, specificity was 97%. Considering patients with different gastrointestinal disorders specificity dropped to 77%. FDL serum-test revealed superior as compared to the FDL urine test. Correlation between FDL serum-test and secretin ceruletide test was significant (r = 0.72, p less than 0.001).
The technique of fluorescein angiography is described. Although Doppler studies and the arteriogram have been effective modalities in examining large vessel disease, no consistent means has been found to determine the extent of small vessel disease in the lower extremity. In this preliminary report, it is suggested by the authors that fluorescein angiography is an effective office-based procedure to evaluate the vascularity of the lower extremity.
The present work represents an attempt to develop a method for measuring relative blood flow in intestinal capillaries, by the use of sodium fluorescein (Na-F) as an indicator substance. The method is called fluorescein flowmetry (FF). A mathematical model was developed; blood flow was expressed as an index between the maximum fluorescence obtained during the first circulatory passage of Na-F and the rise time, defined as the time interval between 10 and 90% of the maximum fluorescence. The prerequisites for the mathematical model were tested in experiments in animals and man. The extraction of Na-F in the intestinal capillaries was found to be more than 99%. The ratio between the tissue clearance and uptake was found to be 0.0051, indicating no back flux. Experiments in man revealed that the rise time was proportional to the mean transit time and the mean transversal time of the bolus proper. The accuracy of FF was confirmed in man where the ratio between mucosal and serosal-muscular capillary blood flow was 2:1. From the results obtained, it appears that FF can be used as a method for measuring relative capillary blood flow in the intestine.
Fluorescein angiography and light microscopy techniques were utilized in the rhesus monkey to evaluate retinal damage following oxygen ion irradiation. Particle flux ranged from 1.3 x 10(7) particles/cm2 to 1.5 x 10(8) particles/cm2. Earliest evidence of damage was detected with fluorescein angiograms 24 h after exposures to 7.7 x 10(7) particles/cm2. No evidence of the hypothesized microlesion was found by either technique.
The present paper summarizes our experiences with intraoperative fluorescein angiography in 50 external carotid artery-internal carotid artery bypass operations. This technique has provided precise localization of the ischemic lesion and aided in selecting the sites and direction of the anastomoses to be performed, as well as in checking the patency of the anastomoses and the area supplied by them. A comparison of X-ray angiography with fluorescein angiography indicates the reliability of the latter in the estimation of the area supplied by the anastomosis.
The mechanism of the outflow of the aqueous humor was investigated on 9 eyes with open angle glaucoma operated by traveculotomia ab externo. The anterior chamber was filled with 0,2% Fluorescein-Ringer-solution, before and after the operation. Comparing the fluorescein angiographic pictures it can be concluded that the effect of the operation it caused by an improvement of the outflow of the aequous humor through the system of Schlemm's canal as well as through the formation of a fistula.
Electroophthalmological and fluorescein angiographic studies were performed on a 13 year old girl with exsudative detachment of the retina during a hypertensive crisis. The ERG showed a significant reduction during the course of the detachment. After healing the ERG values had improved as compared to those values recorded during the acute illness, but never reached normal levels. The lesions of the retina and the pigment epithelium caused by the detachment were responsible for pathological EOG. The fluorescein angiography showed circumscript and conglomerate lesions in the pigment epithelium.
The possibility of using fluoresceine isothiocyanate to label plasmatic membranes of lymphocytes was explored. Membrane labeling can be done under physiological conditions. The label interacted with the surface located membrane component, and the binding centers became saturated with the label concentration which left the membrane undamaged. Modification of the membrane surface resulting from fluoresceine isothiocyanate treatment influenced significantly intercellular interactions mediating mitogen-induced blast transformation.
Quantitative estimation of cellular esterase activity makes it possible to differentiate cells and cell subpopulations. The fluorescence of fluorescein obtained by hydrolysis from fluorescein diacetate is detected and used for measuring the esterase activity. The method described is suitable for the quantitative determination of esterase activity in human lymphocytes.
A 10% solution of fluorescein applied topically shows a leak from the anterior chamber better than a 2% solution. Fluorescein changes color because it is diluted by the leaking aqueous and not because its pH is changed.
The tubeless for diagnosing exocrine pancreatic insufficiency using Fluorescein-Dilaurate was first applied to children of three years and younger, and to children with malabsorption and/or maldigestion. Fluorescein-Dilaurate in this test is an indication for the excretion of the pancreas-specific arylesterases. The dosage and the amount of liquid to be drunk by adults were reduced. It was shown that - applied to children of more than three years- reliability and validity of the test were not perceptibly influenced by the practise modifications and by the existing malabsorption/maldigestion. The applicability of this method to children of three years and younger depends on the observance of certain rules. Thereby, the test becomes sufficiently practicable also in children of three years and younger.