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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Treatment of injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve after endodontic procedures.

Overextension of filling material into the mandibular canal after root treatment in the lower jaw is a rare but serious complication. Mechanical compression, chemical neurotoxicity and local infection may cause irreversible nerve damage. A report on 11 patients with neurological complaints of the inferior alveolar nerve after endodontic treatment is summarised. The neurological findings are dominated by hypaesthesia and dysaesthesia. Half of the patients reported pain. Hyperaesthesia is found much more rarely. Nearly all the patients had a combination of one or more symptoms. Initial X-rays showed root filling material in the area of the mandibular canal. Nine cases were treated with apicectomy and decompression of the nerve; in two cases, extraction of the tooth was necessary. Only one patient reported persistent pain after surgery. If neurological complaints appear after root filling in the lower jaw, a nerve injury due to root filling material should be ruled out. In cases of overfilling, immediate apicectomy and decompression of the nerve with conservation of the tooth is often the treatment of choice; the tooth may be preserved and the best chance of avoiding permanent nerve damage is provided.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

An endodontic-orthodontic technique for esthetic stabilization of externally resorbed teeth.

Previous studies reveal that external root resorption is often coincident with orthodontic therapy. Some investigators have reported that root resorption ceases when orthodontic therapy is terminated. However, this is not always the case. The purpose of this article is to present an 11-year history of an unusual case in which root-resorptive processes continued for 3 years after orthodontic treatment had been discontinued. The article also describes and discusses a combined endodontic-orthodontic approach to halt external root resorption and stabilize mobile maxillary anterior teeth. Calcium hydroxide therapy was instituted to inhibit inflammatory apical root resorption. A rectangular orthodontic wire was adapted and inserted intracoronally to splint the teeth esthetically. The advantages and disadvantages of this intracoronal splinting technique are compared with other extracoronal splinting methods. Examination of one-year recall radiographs suggested inhibition of the root resorption. Masticatory function was restored for the patient. Considerations for monitoring patients with this problem are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A histological comparison of periapical inflammatory and neural responses to two endodontic sealers in the ferret.

Previous studies have shown that there is a proliferation of nerves beneath the apices of pulpectomized teeth. This may be due to the inflammation induced after the procedure, resulting, perhaps, from the irritant nature of the materials used to fill the root canal. The experiment reported here was conducted to determine whether this inflammation was induced by the sealer rather than arising as a result of tissue damage and whether, if inflammation is eliminated or reduced, the neural changes are also reduced. In 12 young adult ferrets under general anaesthesia the pulps of the lower canine teeth were removed and replaced with gutta percha and sealer. A sealer of Grossman's formulation with eugenol as the liquid phase was used on one side and a calcium hydroxide sealer that contained no eugenol on the other. Three months later the animals were, again under general anaesthesia, perfused with a fixative mixture. The mandibles were removed and the presence and size of any periapical inflammatory lesions and the density of periapical innervation determined histologically. All 12 teeth sealed with the Grossman's sealer had inflammatory lesions at their apices. Three of the 12 teeth treated with the calcium hydroxide sealer showed similar lesions. In all the teeth with inflammatory lesions the normal arrangement of nerves in a periodontal 'plexus' was disrupted but there was no statistically significant difference between the overall innervation density in inflamed and non-inflamed periapical areas nor between areas beneath teeth sealed with Grossman's sealer and with calcium hydroxide. The incidence of periapical inflammation is related to the nature of endodontic sealer used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Combined endodontic and restorative treatment considerations.

Endodontic treatment for pulpal pathology should result in an asymptomatic tooth with a sealed canal. Restorative treatment for the pulpless tooth should provide protection against fracture and the needed resistance against masticatory stress to allow the tooth to resume normal function.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1980

The retentive and stress-distributing properties of a threaded endodontic dowel.

When the Radix Anchor apex was allowed to engage the bottom of the prepared channel, very high apical stresses were generated within the supporting structure. When the coronal flanges engaged the occlusal portion of the model, high lateral stresses occurred in the coronal portion of the channel. These stress concentrations can be avoided by installing the dowel so that only the retentive threads engage dentin. This may be accomplished by "backing off" one half turn when slight resistance to dowel threading is encountered. The Radix endodontic dowel system was more retentive than cemented dowels and less retentive than another dowel which threads into the dentin of the channel wall. The Radix Anchor was more retentive when both diameter and length of imbedment were increased simultaneously.

Crowns↗
PubMed1982

Photoelastic stress analysis of cast-gold endodontic posts.

Two-dimensional photoelasticity was used to compare stresses generated upon loading of cast gold endodontic posts of two different diameters. Ten models were used, five for each diameter size tested. The models were constructed to simulate maxillary central incisors. Drill bits were used to prepare the root canal, and after root canal preparation was completed the post preparations were constructed using the Parapost system. The gold posts, made of type III gold, were cast using the Beauty Cast technique. A composite core was then placed on each of the posts to be tested. These models were positioned in a circular polariscope and vertical loads of 30 and 60 pounds were applied to each of the models, with the fringe patterns photographed immediately after each load was applied. The stresses were evaluated by determining the maximum fringe order in the simulated root and periodontium of the model. The results of this study suggest that (1) the diameter of a post with a core affects the magnitude of stress, (2) stress generally increases as post diameter increases, and (3) stress increases as the vertical load increases. It seems advisable to restrict the diameter of the post used in providing support for restorations, particularly when large occlusal for forces are exerted by the patient. The use of smaller diameter posts reduces the stresses exerted upon the dentin of the tooth and the tooth supporting structures, limits the amount of tooth material removed during preparation and, possibly, aids operative procedures by limiting the amount of tooth preparation.

Crowns↗
PubMed1982

Endodontic abutments and complete dentures.

In this in vitro study, 90% of maxillary single-rooted teeth, 89% of maxillary multirooted teeth, 82% of mandibular single-rooted teeth, and 92.5% of mandibular molars had root canals that terminated short of the radiographic root apex. dimensional variability was considerable. Mean measurements provide acceptable levels for underfilling canals and dictate generally applicable levels at which root canal fillings are best terminated. These measurements indicate that, when filling maxillary teeth and mandibular molars, the termination point of the filling should be approximately 0.89 mm short of the radiographic root apex. When filling mandibular single-rooted teeth, the terminal point of the filling material should be approximately 0.69 mm short of the radiographic root apex. Complete overdentures are a valuable alternative to extraction and conventional denture placement. The nonvital teeth that are used for stability, retention, preservation of alveolar bone, proprioception, and psychological support are of critical importance. Failure in endodontic selection and procedure immediately negates the concept of overdentures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An in vitro comparison of two dowel and core techniques for endodontically treated molars.

A laboratory study was designed to compare the shear-compressive strength of two post and core systems in mandibular molars. A buildup with cemented posts and an amalgam core proved to have greater strength than a system in which only amalgam was used to create a dowel and core. The addition of crowns to the buildups did not produce a significant increase in the shear strength of the specimens. Most specimens prepared by a specific restorative technique fractured in a consistent predictable pattern. The dentist should be aware of the incidence of lingual wall fractures in planning the restorations for endodontically treated molars. Careful evaluation of the remaining amount of tooth structure should influence the selection of the dowel and core technique.

Crowns↗
PubMed1986

Retention of serrated endodontic posts with a composite luting agent: effect of cement thickness.

When Prosthodent composite was used as a cementation material for endodontic posts (ParaPost), adaptation of the post to the canal was not crucial. Changes of the composite layer thickness up to 500 microns did not decrease retention. Variation in the diameter of the posts did not effect the retention. The retention obtained for the combinations of posts and cements was high and suitable to resist dislodgment of the posts. Consequently, the thinnest post in the root canal, cemented with a composite is recommended. Thus the removal of tooth structure is unnecessary because the cylindrical preparation is formed in the composite.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1989

Restorative and endodontic results after treatment with cast posts and cores.

Sixty-nine patients who received cast posts and cores in 1978 at the Students' Clinic at the Faculty of Odontology, University of Umeå were recalled for examination in 1984. Fifty-three or 76.8% of the patients with 96 posts and cores or 73.3% of the original 131 attended. Of the 96 posts and cores, nine, corresponding to a failure rate of 1.56% per year, were classified as unsuccessful, which compared favorably with previous studies. Various criteria parameters were reviewed for possible correlations to the failures but the only common factor was that the nine failures were located in jaws occluding against a natural dentition. The endodontic failures noted could not be related to the prosthodontic treatment. Another conclusion from this study is that the conventional design of the cast post and core can be strongly recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Photoelastic analysis of stress transfer by endodontically treated teeth to the supporting structure using different restorative techniques.

A photoelastic model was used to examine the influence of different types of restorations placed following endodontic therapy, emphasizing the way in which forces applied to the occlusal surface were dispersed to the supporting structures of the teeth. Stresses were photographed in the polarized light field. Findings indicate that distribution and patterns of stresses vary depending on the direction of the loads and the nature of the involved restorative procedures.

Bite Force↗
PubMed1989

Effects of post placement on endodontically treated teeth.

The effect of endodontic therapy, post-hole preparation, and post placement on tooth models of maxillary central incisors was investigated. Two-dimensional photoelastic analysis of birefringent models, under load in a polariscope, indicated the relative stress magnitudes and concentrations at the cervical and apical regions. Within the limits of the method, the results suggest that enlargement of the canal increases cervical stresses and that post placement will decrease stresses in this region. Nevertheless, conservative enlargement of the root canal may render post placement unnecessary for largely intact teeth. Post length appeared more important than post diameter in determining relative stresses at the cervical region. However, short wide posts led to elevated stress concentrations in this region. Post placement beyond two thirds of the root depth did not further decrease cervical stresses but usually increased stresses in the apical region.

Crowns↗
PubMed1989

Endodontic access of all-ceramic crowns.

This study determines the effects of access opening on all-ceramic (Dicor) crowns. Forty-two extracted permanent teeth were selected to represent the various types of human teeth. Crown preparations were completed, polysulfide impressions made, and stone dies poured. The dies were forwarded to a commercial dental laboratory for fabrication of the restorations. The crowns were luted to the prepared teeth and endodontic access openings were completed by using established criteria for access preparation. The crowns were removed and examined by direct vision, transillumination, stereomicroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Two crowns fractured during access preparation, seven crowns exhibited craze lines, and 29 crowns exhibited chipping of the ceramic material adjacent to the access opening. There was no significant difference in the extent of chipping with diamond or carbide instrumentation. However, carbide instrumentation caused more fractures and craze lines than did diamond instrumentation.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1990

Ferrule design and fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth.

This study evaluated the fracture resistance of pulpless teeth with various ferrule designs and amounts of coronal tooth structure. One millimeter of coronal tooth structure above the crown margin substantially increased the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, whereas a contrabevel at either the tooth-core junction or the crown margin was ineffective. The thickness of axial tooth structure at the crown margin did not appreciably improve resistance to fracture.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Restoration of endodontically treated anterior teeth: an evaluation of coronal microleakage of glass ionomer and composite resin materials.

A glass ionomer material was evaluated for coronal microleakage in permanent lingual access restorations of endodontically treated anterior teeth. The material was tested as a restoration, placed over a zinc oxide-eugenol base, and as a base with an acid-etched composite resin veneer and a dentinal bonding agent. Restored teeth were thermocycled, immersed in silver nitrate, developed, and sectioned to assess microleakage. Significant coronal leakage was observed with all materials used.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1992

The retentive and stress distributing properties of split threaded endodontic dowels.

A threaded, parallel-sided endodontic dowel that has a longitudinal split was tested to determine its retention and stress distribution properties. Photoelastic stress analysis revealed high installation stresses unless the dowels were counterrotated. Axial loading created stresses at the threads, with elevated coronal and apical stresses. Even higher coronal stresses were recorded with inclined loads, and shorter dowels generated greater stresses than longer dowels. The retentive values were generally lower than those in comparable studies.

Analysis of Variance↗