Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Data Curation”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Influence of dietary factors on colorectal cancer survival.

BACKGROUND: Diet has been identified as a major determinant of colorectal cancer (CRC) but little is known of its influence on CRC survival. AIMS: To study the influence of dietary factors on survival in patients who had undergone potentially curative CRC surgery. PATIENTS: Among 171 patients included in a case control study of CRC aetiological factors, 10 year survival data on 148 patients who underwent resection of the tumour for potential cure were obtained from a Registry of Digestive Tumours. METHODS: Tertiles of food and nutrient intakes were entered into Cox proportional hazards survival models, controlling for age, sex, tumour stage, and tumour location. RESULTS: Only five year survival was influenced by the pre-diagnosis diet. High energy intake, as a result of high carbohydrate, protein, and lipid intake, was strongly related to increased survival. Five year relative risk of death for the highest versus the two lowest tertiles of energy intake was 0.18 (95% confidence interval 0.07; 0.44). This effect was similar in both sexes, for the colon and for the rectum. It was stronger in patients with N+/M+ tumours (relative risk 0.06) than in those with less advanced tumours (relative risk 0.37; stage-energy interaction term non-significant). No specific food or nutrient could be identified as having prognostic significance. CONCLUSIONS: Whether high energy intake selects less severe tumoral clones or modifies antitumoral immunity remains unclear. Larger series need to be investigated before conducting intervention studies but our findings should prompt nutritional follow up in CRC patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

MMP-2 but not MMP-9 associated with COX-2 and survival in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP-2 and MMP-9 can degrade type IV collagen of extracellular matrix and basal membranes. As cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been shown to activate MMPs, creating one of the COX-2-promoted pathways of tumour growth and metastasis, the prognostic role of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in gastric cancer was assessed and their association with COX-2 expression was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples were collected from 342 consecutive patients operated on for gastric cancer, of which 315 were acceptable for MMP-2, MMP-9 and COX-2 immunohistochemistry. Specimens were stained with specific antibodies, evaluated and categorised by two interpreters, and then correlated with clinical data and survival. RESULTS: Epithelial MMP-2 immunoreactivity was associated with male sex, high stage, advanced penetration depth, non-curative surgery, high COX-2 expression and poor survival. Stromal MMP-2 expression correlated with high stage, intestinal type and non-curative surgery whereas MMP-9 correlated only with intestinal type. Stage, intent of surgery and COX-2 were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial MMP-2 expression in gastric cancer is associated with aggressive forms, COX-2 and poor survival, although MMP-2 was not an independent prognostic factor. In gastric cancer tumour growth is apparently induced by COX-2, and invasion is mediated by MMP-2.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Fatigue, psychological distress, coping resources, and functional status during radiotherapy for uterine cancer.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate how patients diagnosed with uterine cancer experience fatigue, psychological distress, coping resources, and functional status before, during, and after treatment with radiation therapy and to study whether significant correlations exist among these variables. DESIGN: Longitudinal, descriptive, and correlational. SETTING: The Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. SAMPLE: 60 women diagnosed with uterine cancer who were receiving curative external radiation therapy. Typical participants were 64 years old, married, and on sick leave or retired from work. METHODS: Data were collected through self-report instruments. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from the patients' records. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Cancer-related fatigue, psychological distress, coping resources, and functional status. FINDINGS: Patients' fatigue scores increased significantly during and after completion of radiotherapy. The participants reported normal levels of anxiety and depression, and their coping resources changed over time. After completing therapy, all dimensions of function had decreased; for social function, the decrease was significant. The correlation over time was significant among fatigue and physical function, role function, and cognitive function. The variation of the change in fatigue after therapy was completed was explained only by the level of fatigue experienced at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue is a symptom that increases in connection with radiotherapy. Functional status is influenced by the variation in fatigue levels. Fatigue level before treatment may be an important variable when trying to find a risk factor for the development of fatigue over the course of treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Nurses must inform patients receiving radiotherapy about the expected changes in fatigue and functional status. Pretreatment screening for fatigue is needed to identify patients at risk for developing fatigue.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the flavonol quercetin in humans.

Flavonoids are plant polyphenolic compounds present in the daily diet. Latest epidemiological studies point to a crucial role of the flavonol quercetin in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. It is assumed that this protective effect derives from the antioxidative capacity which quercetin shows in in vitro experiments. The antiproliferative and antimutagenic activities in vitro have made it a candidate for clinical trials in cancer therapy. Quercetin is also regarded as a putative active compound in various phytopharmaceuticals. However, in vivo data on the disposition, absorption, bioavailability, and metabolism of quercetin after intravenous and oral administration in humans are scarce and contradictory. The pharmacokinetic parameters following intravenous injection were determined in two studies. The elimination half-life was reported to be 2.4 h and 0.7 h, the volume of distribution at steady-state was 92.6 l and 6.2 l, and total body clearance was 34.6 lxh(-1) and 28.1 lxh(-1), respectively. Absorption after oral administration ranged from 0 to over 50% of the dose. These inconsistencies can partly be attributed to a lack of highly sensitive and specific assay methodology. The data available so far are insufficient to clarify whether or not quercetin can be held responsible for any protective or curative effect observed after oral intake.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Prognosis in Bell's palsy.

This is a concluding report of a study in which only patients with Bell's palsy initially seen within ten days of onset are included. The purposes are to observe the natural course of the disorder and to illustrate electromyographic EMG) criteria by which early forecast of recovery is possible. Appraisals of facila muscle strength, nerve stimulation responses and electromyographic needle electrode examinations correlated with the time required for recovery and the relative degree of recovery of patients with Bell's palsy. Three categories of recovery are evident. Of 90 patients, 79% recovered completely within two months (class I), 7% recovered adequately within two to six months (class II) and 14% required longer than six months (class III). Using clinical and electromyographic methods it should be possible to forecast recovery within three days after onset in order to preselect patients in need of any proposed curative treatment program designed to salvage the facial nerve. For prognosis in patients without clinically detectable facial muscle function, the data suggest that they be evaluated on a daily basis from onset until day 4 (past 72 hours). Finding that residual motor unit potentials are sustained in four to five muscles during that period strongly indicates a favorable outcome. Finding activity in two to three muscles could be less favorable and finding zero to one muscle with activity is clearly unfavorable. During this period of time there is a tendency for progressive loss of EMG activity in the facial muscles, both in patients with favorable and with less favorable outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Platelet aggregation inhibitors and vitamin K antagonists in stomatology and maxillo-facial surgery].

Anti-thrombin, anti-platelet and anti-vitamin K agents are common treatments given for the prevention of thrombotic or embolic events. In oral or maxillofacial surgery, the question is whether oral anticoagulants or anti-platelets should be discontinued or not: temporary interruption could limit the risk of bleeding, but would increase the risk of thrombosis, and inversely. The best risk/benefit ratio must be achieved, but in many cases anti-platelet agents or even anti-vitamin K agents can be continued. In case of "potentially hemorrhagic" oral surgery, anti-platelet agents should be interrupted about ten days before the intervention. Anti-vitamin K agents should be interrupted four days before surgery and if required, replaced by low-molecular weight heparin at preventive or curative doses. In the very large majority of patients however, surgery (avulsion for example) can be performed without interrupting anticoagulation. Data in the literature have demonstrated that despite the theoretical risk of hemorrhage, bleeding is minimal and can be easily controlled by local treatments; the risk of thrombotic or thromboembolic events after discontinuing anticoagulation is much greater. A close collaboration between the dentist, the stomatologist, and the clinician is required to determine whether anti-thrombosis prevention should be continued and whether the anticoagulation level is adapted to the thrombotic risk. Good surgical technique and local anti-hemorrhagic treatment are essential in oral surgery, particularly in patients taking anti-platelets or oral anticoagulants.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung diseases].

The article provides data on the pathogenesis, hemodynamics and the contractile function of the myocardium in chronic diseases of the lungs aggravated with pulmonary hypertension. The data were based on complex clinical and instrumental examinations, including catheterization of the right segments of the heart with endomyocardial biopsy, rheography of the pulmonary artery, radiocardiography, radionuclide ventriculography. A three-stage stratification of pulmonary hypertension was proposed. The data are essential in assessments of occupational bronchial disorders, their prevention and treatment. A set of measures, both preventive and curative, was also proposed.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1988

Recurrence of breast carcinoma after breast conserving treatment.

Clinicopathologic data were analysed of 15 patients with recurrence of carcinoma after breast conserving treatment and who underwent salvage mastectomy with curative intent. Twelve recurred in the same site as the original tumor after an average interval of 29 months; the remaining three arose elsewhere in the breast after an average, 83 months. Ten patients presented with palpable lumps, one with Paget's disease of the nipple and four with mammographical microcalcifications. Thirteen patients are alive without evidence of disease (mean follow-up 20 months), one patient died of chest wall recurrence 10 months after mastectomy and one is alive with metastatic disease 9 months after mastectomy. Extensive ductal carcinoma in situ, which was found in 53% of the initial excisions in this series, may be associated with a high risk of local recurrence.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Prognostically unfavorable factors in esophagus cancer. III. Operative therapy of esophagus cancer--effect of preoperative measures on prognosis in curative resection].

Between 1969 and 1982, 121 patients were treated for esophageal carcinoma at the Department of Surgery, Landeskrankenhaus Klagenfurt. 38 patients (31.4%) had palliative surgery, 23 patients underwent a curative resection. Hospital mortality after resection was 39%, overall adjusted survival rate at 7 years was 11.2%. An analysis of data shows that a higher resection rate (p = 0.0045) will not improve long-term results. A preoperative parenteral nutrition seems to decrease postoperative mortality (p = 0.069). Preoperative radiotherapy does not improve long-term results (p = 0.788).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Prognostic significance of parenchymal lymphatic vessel and blood vessel invasion in carcinoma of the lung.

In a series of 685 men who had undergone a microscopically curative resection of a carcinoma of the lung admitted to a prospective randomized adjuvant chemotherapy trial, a review of the data relative to the prognostic implication of either parenchymal lymphatic vessel or blood vessel invasion as determined by routine histologic examination was carried out. In the patients without parenchymal lymphatic vessel invasion and without lymph node metastasis, the three year survival rate was 61.0 per cent. In those without lymphatic vessel invasion but with lymph node metastasis, the three year survival rate was 34.5 per cent. In the patients with lymphatic vessel invasion and no lymph node metastasis, the three year survival rate was 41.7 per cent and when lymph node metastasis was present, it was 33.8 per cent. In the patients without blood vessel invasion and with neither lymph node metastasis nor lymphatic vessel invasion, the survival rate was 61.9 per cent at three years. When either or one, or both, of the latter were present, the survival rate was 35.6 per cent. In the patients with blood vessel invasion, the three year survival rate in those without lymph node invasion or lymphatic vessel invasion was 58.0 per cent, and in those with either one or both, the survival rate was 34.9 per cent. It is concluded that parenchymal lymphatic vessel invasion in itself is an indication of a poor prognosis. However, blood vessel invasion when identified by routine histologic examination was found to provide little, if any, additional predictive information.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1982

One-stage resection for massive cervicomediastinal hygroma.

Cervicomediastinal cystic hygroma has long been recognized as a serious cause of respiratory distress in infancy. This report describes the management of ten infants and children with large cervicomediastinal hygromas. Ages ranged from the newborn to 4 years (average 18.4 months). Six were boys and four were girls. Eight presented with respiratory distress. Neck examination, ultrasonography, and chest x-ray examination were usually diagnostic. In four infants the intrathoracic component was initially clinically unsuspected. The neck lesion descends into the chest between the subclavian vein and artery. At operation the mass was dissected off the pericardium; phrenic, vagus, and recurrent laryngeal nerves; esophagus; aortic arch; and subclavian vessels. Complete resection was possible in each case. Nine of ten patients survived. Death occurred in a newborn with bilateral tumor and pulmonary hypoplasia. Three patients developed Horner's syndrome. There were no recurrences (follow-up 9 months to 10 years). These data indicate that a one-stage resection using an inverted hockey stick (sternum-splitting) incision is well tolerated, curative, and superior to other methods of treatment in infants with cervicomediastinal cystic hygroma.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

Neoadjuvant therapy for gastrointestinal cancers.

Neoadjuvant (primary) chemotherapy is an attractive concept for upper GI tract malignancies and to a lesser extent rectal cancer to increase local control, as well as to destroy micrometastasis. Endoscopic ultrasonography for esophageal, gastric, and rectal cancers is a new tool that may allow identification of appropriate high-risk patients for such investigational approaches. In esophageal cancer, radiation therapy alone has probably been supplanted by combined concurrent systemic chemotherapy and radiation. Phase III trials of chemotherapy prior to operation are currently underway. Phase II trials of neoadjuvant chemotherapy are underway in gastric cancer. In rectal cancer, while the use of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy plus radiation is firmly established, more recent data suggest that there may be less toxicity with preoperative treatment, and in selected patients may result in increased potentially curative resection rates.

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant↗
PubMed1996

[Diagnosis and therapy for metastatic liver cancer].

Hepatic metastases occur frequently in patients with colorectal cancer. Patients with advanced cancer should be followed carefully after curative resection of the primary lesions for the early detection of the recurrence. If hepatic metastasis is suspected on the basis of rising CEA levels, more sophisticated imaging techniques, such as ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and hepatic angiography should be employed for the diagnosis. However, these tests are not cost-effective and not warranted on a routine follow-up basis. To be more cost-effective, a relatively simple and sensitive test or group of tests should be used. The authors have proposed that the basement membrane producibility of the primary lesion yields the most important information predicting a liver metastasis; the basement membrane producing cancer highly metastasizes to the liver. In contrast, more than 90% of non-producing cancer does not metastasize to the liver. The basement membrane producibility is easily examined by laminin staining. In the treatment of hepatic metastases, hepatic resection is the preferred approach when the metastases are located in a resectable segment or can be encompassed by as many as five wedge resections, but these scenarios are relatively uncommon. For unresectable disease, chemotherapy and intravenous and/or intra-arterial embolization are viable alternatives. Loco-regional treatment may offer a pharmacological advantage since a liver metastasis is almost exclusively fed by the hepatic artery. A pilot study we conducted on hepatic infusion chemotherapy combined with interleukin-2 (IL-2.MF) revealed very encouraging results (response rate: 76%), and further study in a prospective randomized trial confirmed this high response rate. Adjuvant IL-2.MF infusion therapy after curative resection of liver metastases is also effective for the prevention of recurrence in the residual liver. Based on the data, we conclude that multimodal treatments of hepatic resection and loco-regional infusion of immuno-chemotherapy (IL-2.MF) make it possible to control both resectable and unresectable liver metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Incidence of adenomas after curative resection for colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The benefits of periodic colonoscopic surveillance after curative resection for colon cancer are controversial. We investigated the incidence, size, and time interval to the detection of recurrent adenomatous polyps in patients who have undergone resection of a colorectal cancer. METHODS: In this retrospective study, the records of 351 patients who underwent curative resection for colorectal carcinoma between 1967 and 1991 were reviewed. Sixty-one patients were excluded because of incomplete data. RESULTS: Eighty-seven patients (30%) were found to have had at least one adenoma. Twelve patients had more than five adenomas. The median time to diagnosis was 24 months. Forty-six patients of the 87 (52.9%) had polyp recurrences within 2 yr after cancer resection. CONCLUSION: This group of patients is at increased risk for the development of adenomatous polyps. Surveillance colonoscopy and polypectomy may reduce the incidence of metachronous colon cancer.

Adenomatous Polyps↗
PubMed1998

Cytogenetic abnormalities in primary myelodysplastic syndrome are highly predictive of outcome after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only curative therapy available for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In an attempt to identify prognostic factors influencing outcome, we collected data retrospectively on 60 consecutive adult patients who had undergone BMT at our center for primary MDS or acute myelogenous leukemia evolving from preexisting primary MDS (sAML). Patients were divided into subgroups according to cytogenetic abnormalities based on a recently described International MDS Workshop categorization system. The 7-year actuarial event-free survival (EFS), relapse rate, and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) for all patients were 29% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16% to 43%), 42% (CI, 24% to 67%), and 50% (CI, 37% to 64%), respectively. The EFS for the good-, intermediate-, and poor-risk cytogenetic subgroups were 51% (CI, 30% to 69%), 40% (CI, 16% to 63%), and 6% (CI, 0% to 24%), respectively (P = .003). The corresponding actuarial relapse rates were 19% (CI, 6% to 49%), 12% (CI, 2% to 61%), and 82% (CI, 48% to 99%), respectively (P = . 002) with no difference in NRM between the subgroups. Univariate analysis showed cytogenetic category, French-American-British (FAB) subtype, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis used to be predictive of relapse and EFS. In multivariate analysis, only the cytogenetic category was predictive of EFS, with the relative risk of treatment failure for the good-, intermediate-, and poor-risk cytogenetic subgroups being 1.0, 1.5, and 3.5, respectively (P = . 004). For adults with primary MDS and sAML, even after BMT, poor-risk cytogenetics are predictive of an unfavorable outcome; novel treatment strategies will be required to improve results with allogeneic BMT in this patient population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Survival after resection of multiple hepatic colorectal metastases.

BACKGROUND: Hepatic resection is potentially curative in selected patients with colorectal metastases. It is a widely held practice that multiple colorectal hepatic metastases are not resected, although outcome after removal of four or more metastases is not well defined. METHODS: Patients with four or more colorectal hepatic metastases who submitted to resection were identified from a prospective database. Number of metastases was determined by serial sectioning of the gross specimen at the time of resection. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, complications, and survival were analyzed. RESULTS: From August 1985 to September 1998, 155 patients with four or more metastatic tumors (range 4-20) underwent potentially curative resection by extended hepatectomy (39%), lobectomy (42%), or multiple segmental resections (19%). Operative morbidity and mortality were 26% and 1%, respectively. Actuarial 5-year survival was 23% for the entire group (median = 32 months) and there were 12 actual 5-year survivors. On multivariate analysis, only number of hepatic tumors (P = .005) and the presence of a positive margin (P = .003) were independent predictors of poor survival. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic resection in patients with four or more colorectal metastases can achieve long-term survival although the results are less favorable as the number of tumors increases. Number of hepatic metastases alone should not be used as a sole contraindication to resection, but it is clear that the majority of patients will not be cured after resection of multiple lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Surgical approaches and outcomes in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Resection with extended lymphadenectomy in obtaining local-regional control with negative margins remains the only potentially curative modality in the treatment of gastric cancer. Complete (R0) resections, along with depth of invasion and adequate nodal staging, remain the most important prognostic factors. Because current chemotherapy regimens have limited benefit in advanced disease, the effectiveness of local-regional modalities takes on greater significance. The extent of surgical resection varies with the size, depth, location of the primary tumor, and the stage of disease. Studying patterns of recurrent disease and elucidating the impact of positive margins have led to insights into the biology of the disease and the limitations of local-regional therapies. Considerable controversy surrounds the notion of what defines an adequate lymph node dissection (LND). The recommendation of routine extended (D2) lymphadenectomy (ELND) is difficult to justify based on available randomized studies, but ELND may benefit selected patients when performed by surgeons who can accomplish the dissection with acceptable morbidity/mortality rates. An extended LND results in improved staging, allowing standardization of prognostic factors and survival data worldwide. Patient selection remains critical, limiting the role of surgery in advanced disease and reserving aggressive surgical resection for patients with high curative potential.

Digestive System Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA content by flow cytometry in gastric carcinoma: pathology, ploidy and prognosis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prognostic relevance of histopathologic findings in gastric carcinoma is well established. Studies on DNA-ploidy are still scanty and contradictory. METHODOLOGY: Histopathologic parameters, DNA ploidy and S-phase were evaluated in 78 cancer patients curatively resected, using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. RESULTS: Thirty-nine tumors (50%) were aneuploid. No significant correlation was found between histologic data and ploidy, but tumors with nodal involvement were more frequently aneuploid. In univariate analysis, tumor location (p=0.05), tumor size (p=0.01), differentiation grade (p=0.02), Lauren classification (p=0.01), deeper infiltration of gastric wall (p=0.001), nodal affectation (p=0.0000) and number of lymph nodes (p=0.01), TNM stage (p=0.0000), type of gastrectomy performed (p=0.04), and DNA ploidy (p=0.04) significantly influenced survival. S-phase values had no effect on prognosis. In the multiple regression model, factors independently associated with survival were TNM stage (p=0.0009), nodal affectation (p=0.01) and, marginally, ploidy (p=0.08). CONCLUSIONS: In gastric carcinoma curatively resected, the more relevant prognostic factors were stage and nodal involvement. Fifty percent of the tumors were aneuploid. Aneuploidy was significantly associated with poorer prognosis.

Adult↗