Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DENTAL IMPLANTATION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

High-precision, cost-effective cutting system for producing thin sections of oral tissues containing dental implants.

A new high-precision, cost-effective cutting system, able to produce thin (20-30 microns) sections of oral tissues, containing dental implants, is presented. With this system the authors have been able to obtain, in a reproducible and consistent way, thin slides containing biomaterials and biological tissues. Very high cellular detail was possible, even at high magnifications (x 1200). Histochemical reactions (e.g. acid and alkaline phosphatases) have also been obtained in a reproducible way, without sputter ground staining. The time involved in specimen cutting was significantly reduced, and about five slides per specimen were obtained with minimal loss of tissue. In almost all cases it has been possible to eliminate the grinding process with its inherent problems, such as formation of ledging at the bone-titanium interface. With this system it was also possible to obtain thin slides of soft tissue lesions (i.e. benign mucous membrane pemphigoid).

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2001

New fabrication system for dental implant surgical stents: time-saving laboratory technique using a light-curing resin and transparent artificial teeth.

BACKGROUND: Surgical stents are a prerequisite for dental implant diagnosis. However, the traditional fabrication method including wax-up, investment, and resin polymerization is time consuming. PURPOSE: This article introduces a new fabrication system using a light-curing resin and transparent artificial teeth to reduce time spent in the laboratory. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The process of this system includes placing the light-curing resin and the artificial teeth on the partially edentulous dentition and alveolar ridge, making an appropriate pattern for the stent, light-curing for 5 minutes, briefly polishing, and making holes for titanium guide pins. RESULTS: This system requires only 30 to 40 minutes in the laboratory to complete a stent after mounting the casts on the articulator. Owing to the elasticity of the light-curing resin, this system eliminates the need for a blockout procedure on the undercuts of existing teeth on the casts, protects the casts from breakage, and provides the appropriate retention intraorally without any retainers. As well, titanium guide pins embedded in the stent were clearly identified by panoramic and computed tomographies. CONCLUSIONS: The new fabrication system proposed here can be time saving and, further, serve benefits for radiographic diagnosis.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supracrestal bone formation around dental implants: an experimental dog study.

To test the osteopromotive activity in large non-spacemaking alveolar bone sites, a total of 20 titanium dental implants were placed superior to a previously modified mandibular alveolar process in five adult beagle dogs. The supracrestal implant position resulted in a mean buccal dehiscence of 5.1 +/- 1.03 mm and a mean supracrestal bone deficit of 2.69 +/- 0.45 mm. Three treatment groups were randomly assigned: group I, ten implants treated with a titanium-reinforced expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane (TR); group II, six implants treated with a standard ePTFE membrane (ST); and group III, four implants that received no membrane (control). Before mucoperiosteal flap closure, the bone surface was perforated and peripheral blood was injected around the implants and underneath the membranes. Clinical evaluation of submerged implant sites showed evidence of complete regeneration of the peri-implant bone defects in groups I and II, minimal bone formation in control group III, and a widening of the ridge in group I. Corresponding histologic examination of undecalcified sections demonstrated large amounts of newly formed bone beneath both types of membranes with a superficial layer of loose connective tissue. Mean gain of supracrestal regenerated bone amounted to 1.82 +/- 1.04 mm (TR group), 1.90 +/- 0.30 mm (ST group), and 0.53 +/- 1.34 mm (control group). Mean bone regeneration at the buccal dehiscences was 3.33 +/- 1.44 mm (TR group), 2.46 +/- 0.51 mm (ST group), and 2.76 +/- 0.84 mm (control group). The TR membranes showed evidence of increased alveolar bone width compared to ST membranes and control sites. These results suggest that supracrestal bone regeneration can successfully be enhanced by a submerged membrane technique in the dog model and that the titanium-reinforced membranes were able to maintain a large, protected space for blood clot stabilization without the addition of bone grafts and produced a larger bone quantity when compared to standard membranes.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2001

Osseointegration of loaded dental implant with KrF laser hydroxylapatite films on Ti6Al4V alloy by minipigs.

This study was performed with the objective of evaluating osseointegration of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V dental implants coated with hydroxylapatite (HA) deposited by a KrF laser. For this a KrF excimer laser and stainless-steel deposition chamber were used. The thickness of the HA films was approximately 1 microm. In this investigation experimental animals minipigs were used; the implants were placed vertically into the lower jaw. After 14 weeks of unloaded osseointegration, metal-ceramic crowns were inserted and, at the same time, fluorescent solution was injected into the experimental animals. Six months after insertion of crowns the animals were sacrificed. The vertical position of the implants was checked by a radiograph. Microscopic sections were cut and ground, and the sections were examined under polarized and fluorescent light using a microscope with a charge coupled device camera. The six month long osseointegration in the lower jaw has confirmed the presence of newly formed bone around all the implants. In the experimental group, which had a laser-deposited coating, the layer of fibrous connective tissue was seen only randomly. In the control group (titanium implant without a cover) the fibrous connective tissue between the implant and the newly formed bone was observed more frequently, but this difference was not significant.

Alloys↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental implants placed in extraction sites implanted with bioactive glass: human histology and clinical outcome.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of implants placed into sites grafted with bioactive glass. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen consecutively treated patients were referred to a private specialist surgical practice for the repair of dentoalveolar defects, and/or ridge maintenance at the site of extraction sockets, prior to implantation. Bioactive glass available in 1 of 2 forms was utilized as an alloplastic grafting material. Bone cores were trephined out at the time of implantation and processed and examined to evaluate the tissue response under the light microscope. Implant mobility, marginal bone levels, and soft tissue health were all evaluated over a 2- to 3-year follow-up period to determine treatment success. RESULTS: A total of 40 Astra Tech dental implants were placed. The overall success rate at the end of the study was 88.6% for implants that were in function for a mean period of 29.2 months (22 to 24 months). One patient with 5 successful implants died at 18 months after functional loading. At that time the cumulative success rate was 90%. Another patient who was diagnosed with cancer of the large bowel lost 3 implants. If this patient were excluded from the data, the cumulative success rate increases to 96.8%. Mean marginal bone loss measured 0.5 mm mesially and 0.4 mm distally over a maximum follow-up of 36 months. Human histology demonstrated that connective tissue was seen to exist without any inflammatory response, for up to 6 months. Increasing evidence of bone formation was seen in direct relation to the bioactive glass material beyond this time frame. DISCUSSION: The need to repair and augment dentoalveolar defects necessitates the use of autogenous bone or a substitute that may be seen to avoid the additional morbidity of a donor site procedure and without risk of cross infection. The use of bioactive glass has been proposed as a viable bone substitute. The current study draws attention to the long healing time required to achieve even a small amount of new bone incorporation into the graft, as seen histologically. However, the high rate of osseointegration and continued medium-term function of implants placed into these grafted sites would indicate that the use of bioactive glass does not prohibit osseointegration. However, it is likely that the initial integration will have derived from those areas in contact with native bone. CONCLUSION: Implants will survive for up to 3 years in sites grafted with bioactive glass, even when such grafts appear to only slowly conduct new bone growth.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Bactericidal effect of the Er:YAG laser on dental implant surfaces: an in vitro study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the in vitro study was to examine the bactericidal effect of an Er:YAG laser on common dental implant surfaces. METHODS: Seventy-two titanium platelets with 3 different surfaces--sandblasted and acid-etched (SA), titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS), and hydroxyapatite-coated (HA)--were incubated with a suspension of Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 10556). Irradiation at pulse energies of 60 and 120 mJ and a frequency of 10 pps was performed on a computer-controlled XY translation stage. After laser treatment the specimens were sonicated and the bacterial growth examined by counting colony forming units on blood agar plates. Temperature elevations during irradiation were investigated using K-type thermocouples. Laser treated implant surfaces were analyzed by means of electron microscopy. RESULTS: Compared to non-irradiated specimens, mean bacterial reductions of 99.51% (SA), 98.39% (HA), and 99.6% (TPS) at a pulse energy of 60 mJ and 99.92% (SA), 99.85% (HA), and 99.94% (TPS) at 120 mJ were calculated. At these laser parameters, no excessive temperature elevations or morphological implant surface alterations were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Even at low energy densities, the Er:YAG laser has a high bactericidal potential on common implant surfaces. Clinical studies are justified to evaluate the applicability and efficacy of the Er:YAG laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2005

[Experimental study of osseointegration of zirconium and titanium dental implants].

In an experiment performed on pigs, methods of light and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the interaction of zirconium and titanium dental implants with bone 6 months following their insertion. Distinct features of integration of both implant types with bone structures were detected. Sites of direct contact of bone structures with metal were found to undergo constant remodeling according to biochemical and metabolic conditions in each zone of an implant surface. Statistically the degree of interactive properties of zirconium implants significantly exceeded similar parameter for titanium screws. Along the perimeter of the zones of bone contact with zirconium implants greater numbers of forming and formed bone areas were revealed as compared to the zones of bone contact with titanium implants, where erosion lacunae were more numerous. The complex of research methods used in this study have not revealed distinct changes in the structure of osteocytes, located in immediate proximity to the metal surface in comparison with more distant sites in the bone.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of subgingival irrigation with chlorhexidine on the periodontal status of patients with HA-coated integral dental implants.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of chlorhexidine irrigation on the periodontal status of patients with HA-coated dental implants as measured by clinical, microbiological, and immunological measures. Thirty non-adjacent implants were randomly assigned to receive a one-time irrigation with either 0.12% chlorhexidine or sterile saline, or no irrigation. All parameters were measured at baseline, 2, 5, and 8 weeks. Results showed no significant differences between any treatment modalities at any time interval. A statistically significant decrease in probing depth (P < .05) occurred within the chlorhexidine and no-treatment groups at all time intervals compared to baseline.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

Anatomic site evaluation of edentulous maxillae for dental implant placement.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated 17 edentulous cadavers for bone quantity and quality of the alveolar process of the maxilla for the purpose of dental implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The maxillary arch was divided into four anatomically defined regions for measurements of bone quantity. Bone quality was assessed histologically and described by trabecular bone patterns and tissue composition. RESULTS: Average bone height with a minimum thickness of 4 mm was as follows: region 1, 12.1 +/- 4.9 mm; region 2, 14.1 +/- 7.2 mm; region 3, 6.1 +/- 2.8 mm; and region 4, 8.5 +/- 2.2 mm. Histological evaluation showed increased trabeculation and thicker cortex in the maxillary anterior area, regions 1 and 2. Region 3, the floor of the maxillary sinus area, had the least amount of bone; however, the quality of bone was superior to that of region 4, the maxillary tuberosity area. Trabecular distance or marrow spaces ranged from 40 microns to 2 mm with larger spaces associated with the posterior maxilla. CONCLUSIONS: Maxillary tuberosity is the least desirable site for the placement of implants in the maxilla. The area corresponding to the first and second molars had the least bone thickness. All measures of bone preservation need to be considered, especially in this area.

Aged↗