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PubMedDate not supplied

Suitability of CANSCORE for the assessment of the nutritional status of newborns.

The suitability of Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status Score (CANSCORE) for the assessment of foetal malnutrition among 372 local Hyderabad newborns was studied. Details of length, weight and body mass index (BMI) at birth were related to total CANSCORE which consisted of scores ranging from 1 to 4 based on the grades of clinical status of hair, cheeks, buttocks, chest, legs, back, neck, arms and skin of anterior abdominal wall. The correlation coefficients of CANSCORE with the length, weight and BMI of newborns indicated that score of hair was least correlated with nutritional status. Normal newborns were found to have the lowest prevalence of foetal malnutrition. In those with retarded measurements of length and weight or BMI, the prevalence of foetal malnutrition was higher. The newborns with retardation of both length and BMI had higher prevalence of foetal malnutrition. The feasibility of the suggested limits of CANSCORE for the foetal malnutrition was assessed. Values of 24 for total CANSCORE and of 22 for "Modified CANSCORE" (score excluding hair as a parameter) were found appropriate for the assessment of foetal malnutrition. Modified CANSCORE is a simple, rapid and quantifiable method for the assessment of foetal malnutrition in term newborns.

Body Mass Index↗
PubMed1992

Spinal epidermoid cyst and cauda equina syndrome in a teenage girl.

A sixteen year old girl presented with a four year history of hip pain followed subsequently by back pain radiating down her left leg, progressive urgency of micturition, urinary incontinence, a feeling of bladder fullness and incomplete bladder emptying, faecal impaction and finally, numbness in both of her buttocks. A diagnosis of Cauda Equina Syndrome was suspected on the history and the clinical examination. A plain X-ray of her lumbar spine revealed evidence of a slow growing mass within the vertebral canal at the level of L3. A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan confirmed an intradural space occupying lesion at the same level. This lesion was surgically removed and histological examination revealed a benign epidermoid cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma: extensive tumor thrombus on fused PET-CT images.

A 30-year-old woman developed extraskeletal osteosarcoma in the right buttock and thigh. Radiographs and unenhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a large, multilobulated mass accompanied by mineralized matrix. Contrast-enhanced CT and magnetic resonance (MR) images showed extensive tumor thrombus in the right internal- and external iliac veins. Co-registered positron emission tomography (PET) and CT images showed abnormal F-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) uptake in the tumor thrombus. PET study in our patient provided information concerning disease extent and viability of tumor thrombus.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Porcine malignant hyperthermia: role of skeletal muscle in increased oxygen consumption.

During malignant hyperthermia (MH) induced by halothane and succinylcholine, oxygen consumption (VO2) of whole body, muscle and the splanchnic area was calculated from measurements of blood flow and arteriovenous oxygen content difference. Caudal body blood flow was isolated and measured (six animals) for determination of average muscle VO2 in the hind limbs, buttocks, and flanks. The increase in muscle VO2 was extrapolated to total skeletal muscle and compared with the increase in whole body VO2 (same six animals). The average increase in VO2 for both total muscle and whole body during the period of maximum increase was about 6 ml O2/min/kg body weight. Splanchnic VO2 (four animals) tended to decrease during MH. The data support the hypothesis that the metabolic changes in MH are due to a disorder of skeletal muscle and that the increase in whole body VO2 is due to the increase in muscle VO2.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[HIV-lipodystrophy syndrome].

CLINICAL FINDINGS: The HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome is reported with an increasing incidence predominantly in HIV-seropositive patients on antiretroviral therapy. The core of the lipodystrophy syndrome consists of fat loss in face, extremities and buttocks with or without a visceral fat accumulation, hyperlipidemia and a disturbed glucose metabolism are considered essential parts of the syndrome too. Additional metabolic abnormalities are regarded as syndrome related. PATHOGENESIS: Currently identified risk factors associated with the development of lipodystrophy are antiretroviral treatment (duration, number and kind of drugs), low CD4 cell count, higher age and metabolic abnormalities. The currently favored hypotheses to explain the lipodystrophy syndrome are essentially based on the assumption that antiretroviral treatment is the cause of the disorder. TREATMENT: The short-term benefit of antiretroviral treatment is greater than the disadvantages of the lipodystrophy syndrome, in the long term, however, the cardiovascular risk associated with the metabolic disturbances may result in an increased mortality on its own. The current approach to treatment includes modification of antiretroviral therapy and specific treatment of symptoms.

Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active↗
PubMed1997

[Realignment, fusion, and staple fixation of the chopart joint in neurogenic foot deformities.].

GOAL OF SURGERY: Restoration of a plantigrade foot in adolescents suffering from a neurogenic foot deformity with an important, irreversible malposition of the talocalcaneonavicular joint complex. INDICATIONS: Severe, non reducible hindfoot deformity which cannot be corrected through soft tissue procedures alone. Important tarsal instability. Progressive forefoot deformities. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Presence of supple club foot deformities. Severe deformities necessitating removal of a bone wedge. Important degenerative changes of the subtalar joint. Presence of skin infection or sores. POSITIONING AND ANAESTHESIA: Supine with buttock of operated side slightly elevated. General or regional anaesthesia. Tourniquet at thigh. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Two skin incisions, one overlying the talonavicular and the other the calcaneoucuboid joint. Subperiosteal dissection until both approaches meet. Arthrodesis of the calcaneoucuboid and talonavicular joints after resection of articular cartilage and correction of deformity. Temporary fixation with Kirschner wires, visual control of correction and permanent fixation with titanium staples. Long leg cast which is split immediately. Additional tendon surgery may be necessary POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Elevation of foot. Low molecular heparin. Well molded fibreglass cast after 2 weeks and heel added 2 weeks later. Orthopaedic shoes 10 to 12 weeks postoperatively. POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS: Injury of neurovascular structures. Pressure sores. Thrombophlebitis. Wound dehiscence, deep infection. Displacement or breakage of staples. Absence of bony fusion. RESULTS: Between August 1990 and April 1993 the technique was performed 20 times in a total of 15 patients. Follow-up 14 to 36 months. A bony fusion occurred in all patients at 12 weeks. Eighteen times the functional result was good to satisfactory and these patients were free of pain. The following complications were observed: hindfoot varus (2), transient loss of sensation of foot (1), necrosis of the wound edges (2) and breakage of the staple (1).

English Abstract↗
PubMed2002

[Transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anesthesia. A quantitative systematic overview (meta-analysis) of randomized controlled studies].

BACKGROUND: Transient neurologic symptoms (TNS) after spinal anesthesia (SPA) is defined as back pain with radiation or dysesthesia in the buttocks, thighs, hips and calves, occurring within 24 h after recovery from otherwise uneventful SPA. The symptoms last for about 1-3 days but neurophysiologic evaluation does not show pathologic findings. The type and the preparation of the local anesthetic drug (baricity, concentration, additives or preservatives) are most often discussed as the underlying cause of TNS. METHODS: Randomized controlled comparative studies reporting the incidence of TNS were systematically searched. Descriptive statistics are presented summarizing the identified trials and the pooled relative risk (RR), the number-needed-to-harm (NNH) with their 95% confidence intervals (95%-CI) were calculated using a random effects model. RESULTS: A total of 29 studies with a 2,813 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Summarizing all patients in these trials without further adjustment, the incidence of TNS was 16.9% after lidocaine, 19.1% after mepivacaine, but only 1.1% after bupivacaine and 1.7% after prilocaine. For tetracaine, procaine, and ropivacaine there were too few studies to draw meaningful conclusions. Using meta-analysis techniques these data were confirmed: the pooled relative risk (RR) for suffering from TNS was 6.7-fold higher after lidocaine (95%-CI: 2.5-18) than after SPA with bupivacaine and 5.5-fold higher (95%-CI: 2-15) than after prilocaine. Furthermore, data show that baricity, concentration of the local anesthetic, and addition of vasoconstrictors have no significant influence on the occurrence of TNS. CONCLUSION: Prilocaine and bupivacaine for SPA are associated with less TNS than lidocaine and mepivacaine. For the other local anesthetics there were not enough comparative trials to give conclusive recommendations.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
PubMed1999

[Peripheral ischemia and persistent sciatic artery--interdisciplinary management].

Persistent sciatic artery as a rare entity results from lack of regression of the femoral artery blood supply of the leg and is often combined with an abnormally developed superficial femoral artery. We describe the case of a complete, persistent sciatic artery with peripheral ischemia caused by thrombo-embolism from buttock aneurysmal formation. Combined therapy of catheter fibrinolysis, followed by proximal and distal ligation of sciatic artery and peripheral bypass procedure, restored regular leg perfusion.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Eruptive xanthomas].

A 41-year old male patient presented with yellowish papules on the elbows, upper arms, back and the buttocks, as well as yellow streaks in the palmar creases. Laboratory examination revealed Fredrickson type IIb hyperlipidemia. Histologic changes were consistent with eruptive xanthomas. Treatment was started with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and dietary measures were taken to lower serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Hyperlipidemia is the cause of eruptive xanthomas and strongly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Gianotti-Crosti syndrome in Epstein-Barr virus infection].

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, a relatively rare, distinctive eruption occurring after hepatitis B infection, is characterized by a lichenoid papular exanthema, usually localized on the face, limbs, and buttocks. Hepatitis B antigenaemia is associated with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome only in some cases. Recent reports indicate that a variety of infectious agents are associated with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. This is a report of 2 1/2-year-old girl with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome and concurrent primary Epstein-Barr virus infection without evidence of hepatitis B infection.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1996

[Molluscum contagiosum-like papules within the scope of disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex in an AIDS patient].

A 38-year-old HIV-positive man had several attacks of high fever associated with extensive perspiration over a 10-week period. Simultaneously, he developed molluscum contagiosum-like papules and an erythematous plaque on the face, ulcerated papules on both shoulders and buttocks and subcutaneous nodules on the arms. Histological examination of biopsy specimens revealed a diffuse, histiocytic infiltrate with abundant rod-shaped bacteria. Mycobacterium avium complex was cultured from the tissue and Mycobacterium avium complex DNA was detected by the polymerase chain reaction. The diagnosis of disseminated disease was additionally confirmed by culturing Mycobacterium avium complex from blood, sputum and stool. The skin lesions healed completely within 10 weeks by a multiagent as the patient was treated with a drug therapy. We describe the differential diagnosis, diagnostic procedures and therapy of disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1998

[Trichoadenoma of Nikolowski--review of four decades and seven new cases].

Trichoadenoma of Nikolowski is a rare, benign, well differentiated, slowly growing tumor of the hair follicle which was first described in 1958 by Nikolowski. 26 cases reported in the literature since then and our seven cases show the following features: a tumor of adults, mostly in the face (57.5%) or buttocks (24.2%), size in general 0.5-1.5 cm, no sex preference. According its morphological differentiation, trichoadenoma is situated between a trichofolliculoma and a trichoepithelioma. The clinical appearance is, misleading, suggesting the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma or epidermal cyst.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1999

[Linear IgA dermatosis in an adult with clinical signs of Stevens-Johnson syndrome].

Immunohistologically linear IgA disease presents with unambiguous features, whereas clinical manifestations are variable. It sometimes shows similarity to other bullous dermatoses such as bullous pemphigoid and dermatitis herpetiformis. A 73 year old female patient was referred with the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid. One day after admission clinical examination revealed the classical features of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS): widespread confluent atypical target lesions, partly raised, partly flat with central blisters, and erythematous spots, but few typical targets, as well as blisters and large areas of skin detachment on her back and buttocks, accompanied by erosions of the oral and genital mucosa. Direct immunofluorescence performed on peri-lesional skin showed linear deposition of IgA along the basement membrane zone, leading to the diagnosis of linear IgA disease of adults. Our case report shows that linear IgA disease may present with the clinical pattern of SJS.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Osseous avulsion of the ischio-crural muscle group with concomitant sciatica].

Avulsion fractures of the ischial tuberosity are rare. They are often caused by a typical "splits"-like accident. In general the patients feel sudden severe pain in the buttock with localized tenderness in the region of the ischial tuberosity, rarely in combination with sciatic nerve irritation. According to the functional anatomy, flexion of the knee and extension of the hip may be impaired. Roentgenograms often reveal no abnormality and show no evidence of fracture. Therefore, inadequate therapy because of missed diagnosis can result in avoidable persistent pain. We report on a 42-year-old man with an avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity. The epidemiology, symptoms, including irritation of the sciatic nerve, differential diagnoses, diagnostic procedures and therapy are presented in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Lipomatosis dolorosa--a frequently overlooked disease picture].

Dercum's disease (lipomatosis dolorosa) is a relatively unknown illness. The disorder usually affects middle-aged females. Subcutaneous fatty tissue deposits may occur in many parts of the body. The upper arms, elbows, stomach wall, buttocks, thighs, or knees are most commonly affected. Severe hyperalgesia is found on light pressure and touch. Analgesics or pain-modulating drugs usually have little or no effect. The following case report demonstrates successful symptomatic treatment of the otherwise nearly unbearable complaints: intravenous infusions of 5 mg/kg body weight of lidocaine over 30-90 min may give pain relief lasting several weeks or even months. Alternatively, patients are treated with 150-750 mg orally administered mexiletine daily. Surgical excision or liposuction of these fatty tissue deposits have shown significant reduction of pain. However, this effect reduces over time and recurrences often develop.

Adiposis Dolorosa↗
PubMed1996

[Malignant schwannoma of the rectum].

Malignant schwannomas are rare. These malignomas are primary nerve sheath tumors that usually arise from a peripheral nerve. They appear most frequently in the lower extremities, including the hips and buttocks (34.8%), the upper extremities (23.4%), and in the trunk (17%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a malignant schwannoma of the rectum. We describe the rare disease with reference to the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Eating disorders and body image in Spanish and Mexican female adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of eating disorders (ED), socio-cultural risk factors, and body image characteristics in two populations of female adolescents, one Mexican and one Spanish, from similar socio-economic backgrounds. METHOD: A total of 467 Spanish and 329 Mexican girls aged from 11-12 to 17-18 years were assessed using the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26), the CETCA (Eating Disorders Assessment Questionnaire), the CIMEC (Questionnaire on Influences on Body Shape Model), and a survey of socio-demographic and risk factors produced for this study. RESULTS: One out of four subjects showed a significant risk of an eating disorder and 6-7% probably already had one. No significant differences were found between the two samples. Significant differences were found in risk behaviors: more Spanish girls reported body dissatisfaction and binging; more Mexican girls had a history of psychiatric and psychological treatment, pressure from parents and friends to lose weight, dieting, physical activity and vomiting to lose weight, and a history of greater weight loss. In both the groups around 50% of subjects wanted to increase the size of their breasts. However, significantly more Mexican girls desired thinner arms and narrower shoulders and back, and more Spanish girls wanted thinner hips, buttocks, and legs, parts of the body that many Mexicans wanted to increase. CONCLUSIONS: Risk behaviors and the ideal body models of these Spanish and Mexican adolescent girls varied significantly, indicating major socio-cultural differences. However, the prevalence of ED was similar. Further research should aim to clarify whether the similarities found between this Spanish sample and a Mexican sample taken from an upper-middle class urban environment, a minority that is unrepresentative of the general population, are also observed in samples from other sectors of Mexican society.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[From sciatica to intervertebral disk displacement. On the history of a disease concept].

Since antiquity low back pain spreading down to the buttock and the leg with or without neurological symptoms has repeatedly been described by medical authorities. To extract well defined nosological entities out of the medley of "sciatica" was a demanding process within a labyrinth of often misleading clues. Although the herniated intervertebral disk was recognised about the middle of the 19th century the causal nexus between intervertebral disk displacement and sciatica was only demonstrated in the thirties of the 20th century. The critical appraisal of pathomorphological lesions in patients suffering from sciatica was, as it still is, a challenging task even for experienced physicians. Key texts and their authors recall the main steps towards our modern concept of lumbar intervertebral disk displacement to the readers mind.

History, 18th Century↗