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PubMedDate not supplied

[The evolution of employment in agriculture].

Data collected from population and agricultural censuses concerning agricultural employment in Brazil are compared. "This study aims at analyzing the origin, the form and the significance of the differences between the two censuses. In this first part a detailed comparison is made between their respective concepts, their methodologies, their limitations and their outcomes. The comparison goes back even to the first modern censuses in order to evaluate the evolution of censal instruments and its importance for the...understanding of employment in agriculture." Other data sources are also considered. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Agrarian change and labour migration in the Sierra of Ecuador.

"Among the effects produced in the Sierra of Ecuador by the programme of land reforms launched in 1964 was a reduction in the incomes from small-scale farming. At the same time, the growth of productive employment in urban areas was insufficient to provide round-the-year work to the fast growing army of jobseekers. Analysis of the agrarian structure and migration patterns before and after 1964 suggests that it was primarily this combination of circumstances that produced a pronounced shift towards short-term rather than permanent migration, thereby providing industry and services with the labour they needed while avoiding the disadvantages of severe urban overpopulation."

Agriculture↗
PubMed1995

[Regional demographic trends in France: an examination at the level of the "zones d'emploi"].

"The paper studies the regional demographic trends in France from 1968 to 1990.... The study follows two main objectives: (1) Analysis of the main regional migration and population trends over the three census periods from 1968 to 1990. (2) Analysis of the growth trends of different types of regions on the basis of typifying the ¿zones d'emploi' (labour market regions) according to economic criteria and settlement structure criteria. The large-scale patterns of the population and migration trends seem to be relatively stable in comparison to the massive change in the general economic and political framework in France and Western Europe.... The different region types, however, show more distinct changes." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE AND RUS)

Commerce↗
PubMed1996

Age cohort analysis of the 20th century decline in U.S. farm numbers.

"The demographic component of the decline in U.S. farm numbers is analysed by tracking the size of farm operator age cohorts.... Cohort profiles indicate an inverted U-shape in the relationship between farm numbers and cohort age. Successive cohorts have been smaller than their predecessors, and withdrawal rates of older operators have fallen in recent years. Projections based on entry-withdrawal patterns for 1987-1992 suggest decline in farm numbers from 1.93 million in 1992 to 1.48 million in 2002 and 1.29 million in 2007. Imbalance between withdrawing older operators and younger new entrants could encourage a broadening of the pool of farm entrants and changes in farm ownership, operating and financing arrangements."

Age Factors↗