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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Loss of heterozygosity fine mapping of chromosome 17p13 in transitional cell carcinoma of human urinary bladder].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and common deletion region of allelic losses on chromosome 17p13 in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of human urinary bladder so as to provide clues for isolation of candidate tumor suppressor genes associated with TCC of urinary bladder. METHODS: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis was made on 44 samples of surgically resected primary TCC by using 13 microsatellite markers to map the regions frequently deleted on chromosome 17p13. The relationship between the LOH in each locus and pathological grade and stage was analyzed. RESULTS: Out of the 44 samples, 35 (79.5%) showed allelic loss in at least one of the 17p13 loci. The highest frequency of LOH (41.4%, 12/29) was at D17S513 in 17p13.2, the second highest frequency of LOH (40.5%, 17/42) was at D17S1308 in 17p13.3, and the lowest (14.3%, 4/28) was at D17S261 in 17p13.1. The most frequent LOH loci were mainly located in three regions: D17S695-D17S1308 in 17p13.3, D17S1533-D17S831 in 17p13.2, and TP53 in 17p13.1. Among them only the LOH frequency of TP53 locus was positively correlated to the grade (chi(2) = 5.104, P < 0.05) and stage (chi(2) = 5.382, P < 0.05) of TCC of unrinary bladder. CONCLUSION: In 17p13 region, except for TP53 gene, still exist two candidate tumor suppressor genes located in D17S695-D17S1308 and D17S1533-D17S831 involved in the carcinogenesis of TCC of urinary bladder. LOH of TP53 locus may be one of the later events in TCC, and LOH in 17p13.3 and 17p13.2 may be the early events of TCC of uninary bladder.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1998

Effect of an atypical adrenergic beta3-agonist, GS-332: sodium (2R)-[3-[3-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethylamino]cyclohexyl]phenoxy] acetate, on urinary bladder function in rats.

We have developed an atypical adrenergic beta3-agonist, GS 332: Sodium (2R)-[3-[3-[2-(3 Chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethylamino]cyclohexyl]phenoxy]acetate, which has an unique structure compared to other beta3 agonists. In vitro study, we compared effects of GS 332 on rat urinary bladder muscle strip contractility with those of clenbuterol hydrochloride (clenbuterol), an adrenergic beta2 agonist. GS-332 relaxed isolated rat urinary bladder strips in a concentration dependent manner with 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 15.7 nM, and the relaxant activity of GS 332 was as potent as that of clenbuterol(EC50; 30.8 nM). The concentration response curve of GS 332 on isolated rat urinary bladder was competed by a specific beta3-antagonist, SR59230A in a concentration-dependent manner, in which Schild slope was 1.1 and pA2 value of SR59230A was 7.1. In vivo study, cystometory investigated in anesthetized rats demonstrated that GS 332 was more potent in increasing the urinary storage volume than clenbuterol and less potent in inhibiting the contractile force of urinary bladder at micturition reflex than clenbuterol. These data demonstrate that GS 332, a new adrenergic beta3-agonist, may be more useful to maintain continence than clenbuterol, an adrenergic beta3 adrenergic agonist.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2004

[Inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder].

OBJECTIVE: To present a new case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We describe the clinical, diagnostic and treatment of a new case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder in a 22 years old man without urological history. CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder is a rare benign lesion of unknown etiology. The most important histopathological differential diagnosis to consider is the rabdomyosarcoma. The immunohistochemistry study is basic in the diagnostic, characterization and differentiation of both pathologies. His benign development force us to a conservative management always it is possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Differential diagnosis of the nonvisualized fetal urinary bladder by transvaginal sonography in the early second trimester.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the pathologic situations associated with the persistently nonvisualized fetal urinary bladder in the early second trimester. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively 13,458 ultrasound examinations performed between 12-16 weeks' gestation in search of fetal malformations. Seventy percent of the patients were at low risk and 30% comprised a high-risk group for the detection of fetal anomalies. RESULTS: Seven cases of persistent nonvisualization of the fetal urinary bladder were detected by transvaginal sonography among 13,458 fetuses. In one case bladder exstrophy, and in another bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidneys were diagnosed by postabortal examination. Five cases were associated with bilateral renal agenesis. CONCLUSION: When one fails persistently to demonstrate the fetal urinary bladder during an examination lasting 30 minutes or longer, urinary tract pathology should be highly suspected. Failure to visualize the bladder may be associated with bladder exstrophy, bilateral renal agenesis, or late onset of bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidneys.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Urinary bladder serosal chemoreceptor induced cardio-respiratory responses: possible pathway.

There is limited experimental information about pain originating from the urinary bladder. In the present study application of 3-5 ml of 1% ammonium oxalate, 1% potassium chloride, 100m M citric acid, IM ammonium chloride, 1% oxalic acid, 0.5% sodium hydroxide, or 2 micrograms/ml bradykinin, to the serosal surface of the urinary bladder in anaesthetized dogs, resulted in an increase in heart rate, rise of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and increase in respiratory rate and depth. These facilitatory cardio-respiratory responses were coupled with powerful contractions of the urinary bladder wall. By contrast, mucosal application of the chemicals did not bring about any significant change. The cardio-respiratory responses obtained were completely abolished on serosal application of procaine (1%), section of the hypogastric nerves or by spinalectomy at T8. Bilateral cervical vagotomy and pelvic nerve section did not modify the responses. However, the blood pressure responses were abolished by the administration of tolazoline hydrochloride, indicating a major role of sympathetics in this nociceptive reflex.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

T1 G1 urinary bladder carcinoma: fact or fiction?

OBJECTIVES: To record the occurrence of well-differentiated bladder carcinoma reported as T1 G1 to the Swedish Urinary Bladder Cancer Registry, to review the staging and grading of the carcinomas and to scrutinize the validity of the data on T1 G1 tumours reported to the registry during the period 1997-2000. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The primary histopathological diagnoses of 98 cases of well-differentiated bladder carcinoma reported to the Registry were compared with the data delivered by the local urologists. Also, the histopathology slides were obtained from the local laboratories and re-examined. RESULTS: Fifty-five cases had been erroneously reported to the Registry as T1 tumours by the urologists, even though they were clearly described as non-infiltrating G1 tumours by the pathologists. The results of the re-examination of the pathology slides were concordant with the judgements of the local pathologists in only 50% of cases (20 stage T and 29 grade G tumours). Most importantly, the re-evaluation did not reveal a single invasive G1 tumour. Simply by providing the urologists with information about this problem, it was possible to reduce the number of errors in the reports from 27 in 1997 to only five in 2000. CONCLUSIONS: Well-differentiated urothelial carcinoma (G1) has no propensity to infiltrate the bladder mucosa. For investigating specific problems the data collected in the Swedish Urinary Bladder Cancer Registry have to be validated.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1992

Impact of schistosomiasis on urinary bladder cancer in the southern province of Saudi Arabia: review of 60 cases.

The histopathologic findings reported in 254 consecutive urinary bladder biopsies were reviewed. Evidence of urinary schistosomiasis was identified in 88 biopsies (35%) and malignant neoplasms were diagnosed in 60 cases (24%). Nine out of 60 (15%) cases of bladder cancer had urinary bladder schistosomiasis and the remaining 51 cases (85%) had no clinical evidence of schistosomiasis. Transitional cell carcinoma was the commonest type of urinary bladder cancer (70%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (20%) adenocarcinoma (8%) and rhabdomyosarcoma (2%). The mean age of the patients included was 60 +/- 15 years and the male:female ratio was 9:1. Comparison of our findings to those reported from other provinces of Saudi Arabia and from other countries, including those with known high incidence of schistosomiasis, is included.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Linitis plastica-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Two cases of signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder with a linitis plastica pattern of infiltration were studied. Mucin histochemistry indicated the presence of neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides and absence of sulphomucin. Immunocytochemistry of the tumour cells was positive for keratin and carcinoembryonic antigen, but negative for prostatic specific antigen and vimentin. The relevance of these observations to the differentiation and histogenesis of these tumours is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1975

Observations on experimental perineal exteriorisation of the bovine urinary bladder.

A new technique for perineal exteriorisation of the urinary bladder was evolved and successfully performed in 15 buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis). Its merits are maximum visibility of the bladder for cystorrhaphy and easy digital accessibility to the bladder neck. An indwelling urethral catheter made of polyvinyl chloride tubing with an improvised wire stilette was well tolerated for up to 20 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder is not a rare complication of radiotherapy for cervical cancer: report of six cases.

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture of the urinary bladder is an extremely rare event. It has been reported to be a rare complication of radiation therapy for cervical cancer, but no studies have ever reported the incidence of this life-threatening complication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From August 1981 through December 1988, 143 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated with high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy combined with external beam therapy at Kobe City General Hospital. RESULTS: Of these patients, three (2.1%) suffered spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture of the urinary bladder as a late complication of radiation therapy between August 1995 and February 1998. Three other patients, treated with radiation therapy for cervical cancer at other hospitals, were also admitted to our hospital with this complication between August 1995 and February 1998. All six patients underwent laparotomy and repair of the perforation. However, rerupture of the bladder occurred in three of these patients. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous intraperitoneal rupture of the urinary bladder after radiation therapy for cervical cancer is less rare than previously expected, and urologists must consider the possibility of occurrence of this life-threatening event following radiation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Endoscopic biopsies for quantitative nerve density evaluation of the urinary bladder.

Nerve density in the lamina propria from endoscopic and open bladder biopsies is compared in normal and pathologic urinary bladders. A semiquantitative appreciation of nerve density is obtained by counting the fibers in a number of high power fields after S100 staining. Nerve density scoring on endoscopic biopsies is reliable and reproducible and can be applied in the assessment of neurogenic and nonneurogenic bladder disorders.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

Platelet serotonergic mechanisms in patients with cancer of the urinary bladder.

Platelet reactivity of hypertensive patients and patients with cancer of the urinary bladder was examined in vitro in comparison with normotensive patients. A significant increase in free serotonin in the plasma of patients with cancer of the bladder and a less pronounced increase in hypertensive subjects was observed. The platelets in neoplastic disease and hypertension showed a significant reduction in the kinetics of serotonin uptake. However, the release reaction was markedly higher, compared with healthy volunteers. Enhancement of platelet aggregation with serotonin was much greater in patients with cancer of the bladder than in control groups and in hypertensive patients. These data indicate increased sensitivity to serotonin within the platelets of patients with cancer of the urinary bladder.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1993

Calcification of the urinary bladder in the wild cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus).

Calcification of the urinary bladder epithelium was observed in 19 of 30 and 18 of 30 wild cotton rats from control and petrochemical-contaminated sites, respectively. The rats in the two sites did not differ significantly in respect of serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations. The calcification was considered to be dystrophic in nature. An unidentified factor common to both control and petrochemical-contaminated sites was considered to be responsible for this syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Intra-operative radiotherapy with excision of urinary bladder carcinoma].

From June, 1979 through Oct., 1986 forty patients (32 males and 8 females) with cancer of the urinary bladder have been treated by intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) after surgical excision of their tumors. The five-year survival rate, by the Kaplan-Meier Method, was 100% in Grade I patients (n = 6), 56% in Grade II (n = 19), 49% in Grade III and 58% in all patients, respectively. Similarly, it was 62% for 33 patients in stages T1 and T2 of the disease and 42% for 7 patients graded T3 and T4 of only three patients out of eleven lost in this series, their deaths caused by urinary bladder cancer. IORT with a surgical excision of their bladder tumor provided excellent results in the control of recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Malignant paraganglioma of the urinary bladder. A case report.

Paraganglioma (pheochromocytoma) is probably the most fascinating of all tumors as it can present with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder is one of the rare tumors and constitute less than 10% of all bladder tumors. The common presentation of paraganglioma of the urinary bladder is painless haematuria, headache, palpitation and anxiety. Malignancy is uncommon and no histological feature is characteristic of malignancy. Invasion of adjacent organs or metastasis to the lymph nodes is the only criteria to suggest malignancy. In the presence of proven metastasis radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is recommended. In the present case the tumor was arising from anterior wall of the bladder away from the bladder neck and that in a large capacity bladder it was possible to get a wide margin for partial cystectomy along with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy without violating the oncological principles. At a follow up of two years there is no evidence of recurrence of tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder.

This case report describes a patient with a pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder. The patient demonstrated an excessive increase of blood pressure and plasma catecholamines immediately after micturition. Ultrasound and CT-scanning confirmed the localisation of the tumour in the urinary bladder.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cystectomy: the treatment of choice in patients with carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder?

Patients (n = 46) with carcinoma in situ (Tis) of the urinary bladder were treated by intravesical chemotherapy. The complete remission rate was 75%. After a mean interval of 17 months recurrent tumours were diagnosed in 47%. Radical cystectomy with urethrectomy was performed in eight patients. Distal ureterectomy and uretercystoneostomy was done in six patients because of a distal ureteric tumour. Based on this group of 46 patients and the current literature, the following criteria are essential in indicating cystectomy: (1) micro-invasion; (2) persistent Tis after adequate intravesical treatment; (3) progressive tumour; (4) Tis of ureter and/or prostate; (5) tumour recurrence at more advanced stage.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of nitrofurantoin on the two stages of urinary bladder carcinogenesis in the rat.

The possibility that nitrofurantoin is a complete carcinogen or is an initiator or promoter of urinary bladder carcinogenesis was evaluated in male weanling F344 rats. No increase in tumor incidence was observed in rats fed nitrofurantoin at a level of 0.187% of the diet for 2 years compared to a control group. Also, no evidence of bladder initiating activity by nitrofurantoin was observed using sodium saccharin (5% of the diet) as a promoter, and no promoting activity was observed when nitrofurantoin was fed after initiation by N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (0.2% of the diet for 4 weeks). In a second experiment, nitrofurantoin (at a dose of 0.187% of the diet) was administered for 6 weeks to rats with a rapidly proliferating bladder epithelium following freeze ulceration, and then the rats were treated with 5% sodium saccharin in the diet for 98 weeks. In additional rats, labelling index following [3H]thymidine injection, determined after 12 weeks of feeding nitrofurantoin, was not increased above control levels in the urinary bladder, stomach, duodenum, or liver. Metabolism of nitrofurantoin by prostaglandin H synthase (PHS) was examined using solubilized ram seminal vesicle microsomes. The rate of nitrofurantoin metabolism by PHS was much less than that observed with benzidine, and the proportion of total metabolite bound to protein was also much less than that with benzidine. These results are consistent with previous reports describing the lack of effect of nitrofurantoin on urinary bladder carcinogenesis.

Administration, Oral↗