Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “YUGOSLAVIA”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Rabies in dogs and efficacy of active immunoprophylaxis in Yugoslavia].

In this study we analyzed 36 cases of dog rabies diagnosed at the Pasteur Institute in Novi Sad during the last 10 years as well as the quality of postvaccination immunity. Most dogs had the paralytic form, more common in sylvatic rabies than furious clinical picture. 11% of dogs were aggressive, whereas 44% had injured humans, including their owners. Postvaccination immunity was examined in a group of dogs vaccinated with three domestic and one vaccine imported from abroad. Vaccination was successful in more than 70% of dogs and it is a sufficient percentage of seroconversion in dog rabies eradication. However, in dogs vaccinated only once during lifetime, the immunity was not satisfactory. That is why in primary vaccination of dogs compulsory revaccination 30 days after the first vaccine dose is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Migration and health].

In the last decades of this century we are witnesses of frequent crises in different parts of the world produced by internal disturbance and wars. These crises, together with natural disasters, poverty and hunger, follow the history of mankind often forcing huge population groups to leave their homes. The harmful health consequences are among negative effects of migrations. While stable populations have well-tried routines for maintaining health, migrations mean abandoning such support systems. The increased exposure to harmful factors contributes more to the bad health condition of the migrant population. Setting of newcomers and local people together in the same homes, reduction in food and heating resources, drug shortage as well as importation of new infectious agents, may also endanger health of the native population. These observations have also been confirmed by Yugoslav experience. Depending on the fact whether a migration is elemental or organized i.e. dependent on its place in the large scale between these two extreme endpoints, the size of risk is also dependent on the consequences and degree of their difficulty. Mass health disturbances occur during migrations of the population from war regions, migrations from areas of natural disasters, mass pilgrimage, migrations of seasonal workers and migrations of armies during wars. However, even in these difficult times and conditions, a good organization can contribute to the mitigation of harmful consequences caused by these migrations. For instance, in 1942 there was an epidemic of typhus fever in Bosnia when many refugees crossed the Drina river on the way to Serbia escaping from Ustasha terrorism. At the Serbian side there were checkpoints where the refugees could taka a bath and where their laundry and clothing were depediculated with dry air, and after a two-week quarantine they could continue to Serbian provinces without making new foci of typhus fever. The most vulnerable and numerous group of refugees is usually composed of women, children and old persons. One of the largest migrations took place over the period from 1991 to 1995, when about 1,500,000 people left the war areas of the former Yugoslavia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia. Of that number, about 700.000 refugees came to Yugoslavia. In August 1995 during an unprecedented exile from the Kninska krajina region (Croatia) over 200,000 people left their homes. During the arrival of refugees and expelled persons health teams offered first aid to these unlucky persons at reception points: drinking water, food, emergency care and indispensable clothing. The next step in their task was to move refugees into families i.e. into collective camps and centres. As in similar situations, this migration had also its negative effects on health of the refugees. At this time, however, the situation was aggravated by international economic sanctions imposed to Yugoslavia although Yugoslavia has accepted and received more refugees than all European countries together. In 1992 a special refugees Law was promulgated in Yugoslavia. In this Law, among other things, it was stated that "the organized reception, temporary lodging, nutrition, appropriate health care, material and other sort of help" will be secured to refugees. The increased infant mortality rate in Yugoslavia may be ascribed to migrations. After several years of decrease it was in constant rise over the period from 1991 to 1995 (Table 1). Disturbed mental balance, loosing of ethic norms, feeling of hopelessness and despair, and underestimation of the risk of infections among refugees, contributed to the rise of promiscuity and increase in sexually transmitted diseases. Thus, the number of registered cases of symphills in the period 1991-1995 was six times greater than in previous years. The number of gonorrhea cases was twice greater in this period than before that time. At the same time, it should be emphasized that the number of recorded cases was smaller than it w

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Effect of depleted uranium weapons used in the Balkan war on the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cancer of the cervix in Greece.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence rates of CIN and invasive cancer of the cervix in two district areas near the borders with the former Yugoslavia and an urban area away from these borders three years before and three years after the bombings in this country. MATERIAL: Two peripheral hospitals (in Kilkis and Serres) which are near the border with the former Yugoslavia and one University hospital (Hippocratio hospital of Thessaloniki) in a rural area away from the borders, where routine Papanicolaou smear tests for screening of CIN and invasive cancer of the cervix are performed in the general female population. METHODS: Hospital records were searched for abnormal smear test results. Incidence rates of CIN and invasive cancer of the cervix three years before (1997-1999) and three years after (2000-2002) the bombings were calculated and compared in the three different settings. The relation between the mean age of the first occurrence of an abnormal smear test was also examined. The results were examined using the chi-square test. RESULTS: The incidence of CIN in the three-year period 1997-1999 was 0.68% and 0.9% for the two district hospitals of Kilkis and Serres, respectively. These figures rose to 1.11% and 1.13% in the three-year period 2000-2002 for the two district hospitals. The incidence of CIN in the three-year period 1997-1999 was 1.06% for the Hippokrateion University Hospital of Thessaloniki and 0.88% for the three-year period 2000-2002. There has been a small but not statistically significant increase in the incidence rates of CIN in the two district areas near the borders with the former Yugoslavia over the last few years (p = 0.355 for Kilkis and p = 0.472 for Serres), compared with the small but statistically significant decrease in the incidence of CIN in the urban area of Thessaloniki (p = 0.0275). The rates of invasive cancer of the cervix diagnosed from the routine smear tests were too small to make any conclusions. CONCLUSION: The increase in the incidence of precancerous lesions of the cervix in areas near the borders with the former Yugoslavia during the last three years may be influenced by environmental factors such as exposure to depleted uranium due to the bombings of 1999. To comfirm this bigger epidemiological studies are needed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Critical analysis of drugs in 1989].

Changes and trends in the drug field in the world and in Yugoslavia in 1989 are presented and discussed. 1. World. There appeared only a few new drugs all over the world, and new chemical entities (NCE) rather rarely represent a significant contribution to materia medica. Japan is the first in producing NCE (12) followed by United Kingdom and the USA (4 NCE each). 2. Yugoslavia. In Yugoslavia were 125 drugs discussed approval, new dose, new formulation or generic parallel. More than 84% of these have been related to generic or clinical ("me too") parallels; less than 9% of drugs had a certain contribution to materia medica, while, according to the authors, the number of drugs that contributed significantly to the materia medica and of those which should not have been approved was equal (3.2%). Octreotide, erythropoietin, almitrine and flumazenil were placed in category A. Insulin appeared in the largest number of parallels (as many as 19) succeeded by cardiovascular, antimicrobial and gastrointestinal drugs. 3. Drug formularies exist in all the developed countries and represent a way of limiting prescribing. Yugoslav list of drugs expenses of which will be covered by the Health Insurance will be prepared. 4. The Federal Institute for Health Protection through its special committee for diagnostics, pharmacotherapy and side effects represents a useful activity in rationalizing drug use. 5. Yugoslav publication of defined daily doses (DDD) is being prepared. 6. A review of causes of deficient or inadequate drug supply in Yugoslavia, which still represents a major problem in this country, has been given at the end.

Legislation, Drug↗
PubMed1990

Cancer incidence in European migrants to New South Wales.

The incidence of cancer in migrants to New South Wales (NSW) from Italy, Greece, Yugoslavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and USSR has been compared with that in the Australian-born population using data from the NSW Central Cancer Registry for 1972-84. The indirectly age-standardized incidence ratios (SIR) in all seven countries were low for melanoma of skin and high for gastric cancer. Cancers of the colon, oesophagus and lip also tended to have low SIRs. Migrants from Italy, Greece and Yugoslavia had significantly less cancer at all sites than the native-born Australians mainly due to low SIRs for cancers of colon, lung (except Yugoslavian-born men), prostate and, in men, 'head and neck' (excluding nasopharynx). Cancers of breast and testis were relatively less common in migrants from Italy and Yugoslavia. SIRs were high for cancers of bladder (in Italian-born men), liver (in Greek- and Yugoslavian-born men) and nasopharynx (in Greek-born men and Italian-born men and women). Amongst migrants from the four more northerly European countries, ovarian cancer was relatively more common in women from Germany and Poland as was bladder cancer in men, but not women, from Germany and the Netherlands. Cancers which had significantly increased SIRs in one migrant group only were lung (Dutch-born men), cervix uteri and body of uterus (German-born women), gallbladder and bile ducts (Polish-born women), thyroid (Italian-born women), connective and other soft tissue (Russian-born men) and brain (Greek-born men and women computed together). Lymphomas were relatively less common in men born in Yugoslavia.

Emigration and Immigration↗