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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Food safety and sanitation during an extended mission.

In preparation for future Lunar/Mars habitats, a food system is being developed at NASA-JSC to provide Advanced Life Support for long-duration missions. As much as 90% of the food consumed on these missions is expected to be grown, processed, and prepared in space. Conversion of crops to edible foods will require extensive food processing within the closed environment of the Bioregenerative Planetary Life Support System Test Complex (BIO-Plex). Identification of hazards and critical control points associated with water recycling, biomass management, use of multifunctional equipment, and possible concentration of toxic substances in the closed system is essential for the development of safe food processing techniques and equipment. A food safety analysis, using a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) approach, was conducted to identify potential hazards and critical control points during food processing of BIO-Plex-produced lettuce and wheat.

Containment of Biohazards↗
PubMed2002

[Biologically active food additives: their role in human body sanitation and in prophylaxis of alimentary-dependent diseases].

The different aspects of the problem of health maintaining and strengthening are discussed. The special attention is devoted to the problem of diet that at present is characterized by deficiency of macro- and micronutrients. It is supposed that this factor together with the change in ecological condition promotes the development of different somatic diseases and their atypical course. To correct the dietary regimen, to strengthen the body functional reserves and to improve its nonspecific resistance to the influence of environmental unfavorable and pathogenic factors the possibility of wide use of biologically active food additives (BAA) is discussed. The examples of BAAs based on plant materials and results of their use in health resort conditions are given.

Avitaminosis↗
PubMed2002

[The importance of allergic skin test with Johnin, antibody ELISA, cultural fecal test as well as vaccination for the sanitation of three chronically paratuberculosis-infected dairy herds in Rhineland-Palatinate].

Three chronically paratuberculosis infected herds were tested for six years twice a year (intradermal Johnin test, antibody ELISA (IDEXX Corp.), microbial culture) according to a sanitary program. Culling of shedding animals and vaccination of calves with NEOPARASEC (Merial Corp.) were part of the program. In course of experiment, 1015 samples of 228 non vaccinated cows and 1502 samples of 293 vaccinated cattle have been tested. 3.8% of the vaccinated animals proved positive in microbial culture. Nearly all vaccinated calves developed granulomas sized from hazelnut to loaf at the injection site. Positive reactions in intradermal test as well as in antibody ELISA were found in very young calves. 24.3%, 33.7%, 25.9%, respectively of the non vaccinated animals were identified as shedders of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) by microbial culture. In the first and in the second herd most shedders of MAP were found in the first herd examination (66.7%, 42.9%, respectively), whereas in the third herd they were detected in the fifth examination (31.0%). At the beginning, 17.9% of non vaccinated animals proved positive in intradermal test, 14.4% in antibody ELISA. Afterwards, the number of positive test results decreased but increased again towards the end of the experiment. 48.5% of the 66 shedders showed positive reactions in intradermal test, 57.6% in antibody ELISA, 77.3% in at least one of these both tests. Antibodies in ELISA were found in rising frequency from two years before the time of shedding. 50.0% of the shedders reacted positive in ELISA at the time of shedding. In selected shedders first positive results were found at the age of about two years. Unfortunately, only incomplete hygienic measures were realized by the farmers. Under field conditions the realisation of attending sanitary programs is difficult. MAP is spread mainly by buying of animals, therefore a certification program for paratuberculosis free herds is urgently necessary as well as an improvement of diagnostic methods.

Animals↗