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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Radiation proctocolitis following gynecologic radiotherapy: an endoscopic study].

The prevalence of radiation injuries was assessed in 155 of 206 surviving patients who had had radiation therapy for carcinoma of the uterus or vagina. The patients were examined according to a standardized protocol. 51 (32.9%) exhibited endoscopic proctitis, and in 10 of them sigmoid colon was also affected. The prevalence of colitis was 31 of 66 (47%) in patients treated for carcinoma of cervix and 19 of 86 (47%) in those treated for carcinoma of corpus. 41 (80.4%) had clinical symptoms (bleeding and diarrhea in 53% each). The mean time lag between radiation therapy and beginning of symptoms was 9 months. Histology was positive in only 24 (47.1%) of 51 endoscopically documented cases of proctocolitis. There was no increase in the prevalence of radiation injury after previous surgery of any kind. Nor was higher risk found in patients with hypertension, diabetes, or congestive heart failure. However, patients with low body mass were at increased risk (p less than 0.01). There was a dose-response relationship between total dose and endoscopic proctitis (p less than 0.001). The incidence was 0% below 40 Gy, 20% at 60 Gy and 50% at 90 Gy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnosis of functional anorectal disorders in childhood].

Constipation of all degrees is a frequent complaint in childhood. Differentiation between constipation with or without normal ganglia necessitates the following investigations: clinical examination, manometry, rectoscopy, rectal mucosal biopsy, rectal full thickness biopsy. The technique of these investigations as well as their risks are discussed.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1986

[Single nonspecific ulcer of the rectum].

The authors report 4 cases with single, non-specific ulcer of rectum. The diagnosis, in all the cases, was made after endoscopic and histological studies. Single ulcer of rectum is for the first time reported in a pregnant woman, that necessitated the interruption of pregnancy. The ulcer could spontaneously be healed and be combined with an ulcer of duodenum. The patients with single ulcer of rectum should be under follow-up care and yearly controlled in the course of three years.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Colonoscopic findings in patients with hemorrhoids, rectal bleeding and normal rectoscopy.

Within a period of 18 months, 387 patients were referred to the Proctologic Service at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center because of recurrent rectal bleeding. Hemorrhoids were found in 194 of these patients and further investigation showed that 45 of the 194 patients (23.2%) had other coexisting colonic pathology (12 cancers, 28 polyps, 4 inflammatory bowel diseases and 1 angiodysplasia). Sixteen of 40 patients with diverticulosis and 13 of 30 patients with hemoglobin less than 11 g/dl had additional colonic pathology. Single-contrast barium enema, which was used in this survey for screening of the colon, proved to be inaccurate. In view of the issue of cost-effectiveness, this study suggests that patients with recurrent rectal bleeding and hemorrhoids (Grades II and III) who had normal rectoscopy should be further investigated by double-contrast barium enema if they are greater than 40 years of age. All patients with anemia, diverticulosis or abnormal findings in barium enema should undergo total colonoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Local peranal treatment of early rectal cancer].

During a period of 8 years 20 patients suffering from early rectal cancer underwent transanal local removal of the tumour. In comparison to postoperative mortality rate, survival time and quality of life (colostomy!) after abdominoperineal exstirpation of the rectum the transanal local approach yielded satisfying results. Accurate diagnosis is imperative. Besides cure the indication for this type of surgery is the most important diagnostic method to identify small rectal carcinomata.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Roentgen studies (lateral distance image) for precise determination of tumors of the rectum].

The lateral distant view (LDV) of the rectum is proposed for more precise identification of localization of rectal tumors for preoperative planning and to increase the number of sphincter saving operations. In a prospective study 129 patients with rectal tumors were compared with radiologic and rectoscopic measurements and with the intraoperative tumor site. Other factors which may influence the resectability of tumors have been examined in a part of this patients by measuring the width of the presacral space, the anorectal angle and the pelvic diameters by radiological pelvimetry. Radiological measurement on the lateral distant view showed that tumors usually are located much higher (0.5 to 12.5 cm) than is suggested by rectoscopy. Unlike the rectoscopy, the lateral distant view also can be used for measuring the length of the anal canal. This measurement is most important for evaluating the distance between the tumor and the inner end of the anal canal and reflects the width of a possibly tumor-free margin. Sphincter saving operations could be predicted much better by the lateral distant view than by rectoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Thoughts on the Future of Gastroenterology (author's transl)].

The rapid growth of knowledge and and the multiplicity of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods are forcing the internal medical specialty apart and compelling us to specialize. One exponent of this development is gastroenterology. With the introduction of fiberoptics, gastroenterological diagnosis was revolutionized. Endoscopic biopsy methods are dominating diagnosis, radiological examination of the digestive tract is mainly used for supplementation. Operative endoscopy with its diagnostic and therapeutic importance forces us to closer cooperation with pathologists and surgeons. The immediate objective most likely to do justice to the development is the gastroenterological department or center which permits optimal cooperation. The gastroenterologist of the future must be trained in pathological anatomy, surgery and internist gastroenterology.

Abdomen↗