Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PROGNOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

The influence of cholangitis on the prognosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia.

The prognosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) depends first on the progression of the basically existing disease and second on the development of preoperative existing alterations of hepatic structure. In addition there are postoperative complications which have essential influence on the prognosis of the disease. In this context ascending cholangitis poses a very important problem for children who have undergone a portoenterostomy. Both the organism and the frequency of cholangitis may play a part. This study should outline the influence of cholangitis on the prognosis. Since 1972, 146 cases of extrahepatic biliary atresia have been treated and followed up postoperatively. Children with a liver fibrosis degree IV at surgery will develop a cirrhosis in 86% of cases without additional influence of cholangitis. Children with a liver fibrosis degree II/III will develop a cirrhosis in 20% of cases without the influence of cholangitis after 15 years. But children with a fibrosis degree II/III with one or several episodes of cholangitis will develop a liver cirrhosis in 50% of cases after 12.5 years. The difference is statistically significant. In addition the frequency of cholangitis is also an important factor: The more episodes of cholangitis the greater the probability of cirrhosis.

Biliary Atresia↗
PubMed1985

Influence of prognosis on decisions regarding the care of newborns with myelodysplasia.

Treatment of newborns with myelodysplasia (meningomyelocele and related disorders) continues to be a controversial subject. We have used a consistent plan of care and have employed the same prognostic criteria over the period from 1965 to 1982 to address the needs of 212 affected newborns. A good prognosis and early surgical care were given to 42 per cent of 53 newborns during the period 1965 to 1970, to 58 per cent of 65 newborns from 1971 to 1976, and to 71 per cent of 94 newborns from 1977 to 1982. Of the newborns with an initially poor prognosis, 19 per cent of 31 received early surgery between 1965 and 1970, as compared with 33 per cent of 27 between 1971 and 1976 and 52 per cent of 27 between 1977 and 1982. Life-table analyses of survival in the three periods revealed significant improvement over time in the survival of newborns receiving early surgical care, regardless of the initial prognosis (log-rank statistic = 8.240, P = 0.016) and in comparison to recipients of supportive care alone (log-rank statistic = 5.975, P = 0.05). We conclude that early surgery permits the survival of an increasing percentage of patients with myelodysplasia.

Decision Making↗
PubMed2002

Incidence and prognosis of syncope.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the epidemiology and prognosis of syncope in the general population. METHODS: We evaluated the incidence, specific causes, and prognosis of syncope among women and men participating in the Framingham Heart Study from 1971 to 1998. RESULTS: Of 7814 study participants followed for an average of 17 years, 822 reported syncope. The incidence of a first report of syncope was 6.2 per 1000 person-years. The most frequently identified causes were vasovagal (21.2 percent), cardiac (9.5 percent), and orthostatic (9.4 percent); for 36.6 percent the cause was unknown. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios among participants with syncope from any cause, as compared with those who did not have syncope, were 1.31 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.14 to 1.51) for death from any cause, 1.27 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.64) for myocardial infarction or death from coronary heart disease, and 1.06 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.77 to 1.45) for fatal or nonfatal stroke. The corresponding hazard ratios among participants with cardiac syncope were 2.01 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.48 to 2.73), 2.66 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.69 to 4.19), and 2.01 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.06 to 3.80). Participants with syncope of unknown cause and those with neurologic syncope had increased risks of death from any cause, with multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of 1.32 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.09 to 1.60) and 1.54 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.12), respectively. There was no increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity or mortality associated with vasovagal (including orthostatic and medication-related) syncope. CONCLUSIONS: Persons with cardiac syncope are at increased risk for death from any cause and cardiovascular events, and persons with syncope of unknown cause are at increased risk for death from any cause. Vasovagal syncope appears to have a benign prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Prognosis and prediction of response to surgery in allergic patients with chronic sinusitis.

BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) occurs frequently in patients with atopy, but little is known of the prognosis after surgery and of factors that may predict a poor outcome. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the long-term prognosis in atopic patients with CRS who undergo surgery and whether certain immune markers could predict a worse prognosis in this setting. METHODS: Fifteen patients with diffuse involvement of the sinuses on computed tomographic (CT) scan but without nasal polyposis underwent ethmoidectomy with middle meatotomy for CRS when it was clinically indicated. All patients had a biopsy of the inferior turbinate and of the most inflamed areas of the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses at the time of surgery. Follow-up was performed by video endoscopy and by assessment of 2 chronic sinusitis questionnaires at 0, 6, and 24 months postoperatively. The number of lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8), mast cells and eosinophils, and cells expressing IL-4 and IL-5 messenger RNA (mRNA) in all 3 biopsy sites at the time of surgery were compared with the clinical response after surgery. RESULTS: Seven patients had persistent improvement after surgery, with a decrease in pain, rhinorrhea, or nasal obstruction and a decrease in the need for medication. Eight patients were unchanged or worsened after surgery with disabling rhinorrhea and repeated sinusitis. We found no difference in the number of inflammatory cells, lymphocyte subsets, or IL-4 mRNA-positive cells in the sinus mucosa between responders and nonresponders. However, an increased number of cells expressing IL-5 mRNA was found in the ethmoid sinus at the time of surgery in patients who did not respond to the surgical intervention (P =.007). CONCLUSION: More than 50% of patients with perennial rhinitis and CRS do not improve after surgery, a response that may be predicted by more cells expressing IL-5 mRNA in the ethmoid sinuses. The increased number of cells expressing IL-5 mRNA may have the potential to be used as a marker for prediction of the response to surgery. The worsening of symptoms in some patients with CRS after sinus surgery could be a result of the disturbance of the anatomy of the sinuses and exposure to the environmental allergens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Comparison of treadmill scores with physician estimates of diagnosis and prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare exercise test scores and ST measurements with a physician's estimation of the probability of the presence and severity of angiographic disease and the risk of death. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association exercise testing guidelines provide equations to calculate treadmill scores and recommend their use to improve the predictive accuracy of the standard exercise test. However, if physicians can estimate the probability of coronary artery disease and prognosis as well as the scores, there is no reason to add this complexity to test interpretation. METHODS: A clinical exercise test was performed and an angiographic database was used to print patient summaries and treadmill reports. The clinical/treadmill test reports were sent to expert cardiologists and to 2 other groups, including randomly selected cardiologists and internists. They classified the patients summarized in the reports as having a high, low, or intermediate probability for the presence of any severe angiographic disease and estimated a numerical probability from 0% to 100%. The Social Security Death Index was used to determine survival status of the patients. RESULTS: Twenty-six percent of the patients had severe angiographic disease, and the annual mortality rate for the population was 2%. Forty-five expert cardiologists returned estimates on 473 patients, 37 randomly chosen practicing cardiologists returned estimates on 202 patients, 29 randomly chosen practicing internists returned estimates on 162 patients, 13 academic cardiologists returned estimates on 145 patients, and 27 academic internists returned estimates on 272 patients. When probability estimates for presence and severity of angiographic disease were compared, in general, the treadmill scores were superior to physicians' and ST analysis at predicting severe angiographic disease. When prognosis was estimated, treadmill prognostic scores did as well as expert cardiologists and better than most other physician groups. CONCLUSION: Estimates of the presence of clinically significant and severe angiographic coronary artery disease provided by scores were superior to physician estimates and ST analysis alone. Estimates of prognosis provided by scores were similar to the estimates made by expert cardiologists and more accurate than the estimates made by most other physician groups.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2003

Progressive improvement of prognosis for patients with gastric cancer (dynamic stage grouping) with increasing survival interval from initial staging: how much longer can a given survivor expect to live?

BACKGROUND: The prognosis in gastric cancer is usually defined at the time of presentation. Prognosis, however, is a variable that alters with time. Once a patient has survived for 1 year, the prognosis will change. This study examines this variable in patients who have survived from 1 to 5 years after operation. METHODS: Of 1468 patients with gastric cancer, the next 5-year survival (5YS) of patients who already survived for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after the initial operation was examined, ie, for patients who have survived 1 year, the 5YS (the 6-year survival from operation) was calculated. Similar survival was determined for patients who had survived more than 2, 3, 4, or 5 years and reported according to stage. RESULTS: In patients who survived 2 years, the next 5YS from that time of patients in stage III a stage was similar to that in stage II, and was similar to the 5YS of patients in stage II at the time of diagnosis. In patients who survived 3, 4, or 5 years, the next 5YS from that time of patients in stage III b and stage III a was similar to that of stage II, and subsequently improved. Similarly, the relationship between stage and survival was disordered subsequently with the passage of time. Similar improvement in survival such that 5YS from the 3rd, 4th, and 5th postoperative year approximated that of the survival of patients at an earlier stage at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Survival is not only stage-dependent at the time of diagnosis but dependent on the length of survival from the initial operation. Progressive improvement in subsequent 5YS appears to approximate survival of lower-stage disease with the passage of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Differences in behavior and prognosis between leukemic and lymphomatous forms of a transplantable hamster lymphocytic neoplasm induced by simian virus 40.

A lymphocytic leukemia of probable monoclonal derivation, induced in a Syrian golden hamster by the oncogenic DNA simian virus 40, was adapted to grow in the allogeneic host either as leukemia or as lymphoma. The leukemia, which was produced by transplanting subcutaneously neoplastic lymphocytes that had circulated through and/or proliferated in lymph nodes and spleen, was characterized by dissemination with systemic manifestations and poor prognosis. The lymphoma, which was produced by transplanting subcutaneously neoplastic lymphocytes that had proliferated at subcutaneous sites of cell implantation, was characterized by localization and favorable prognosis. Evidence indicates that the tissue environment the neoplastic lymphocytes encounter during circulation and/or proliferation regulates their subsequent behavior in the intact host. Since the leukemic and lymphomatous forms of this animal model resemble very closely the analogous human lymphocytic neoplasms, it can serve as a means to elucidate the factors responsible for the differences in their behavior and to determine how these differences may influence prognosis and response to therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and the prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic carcinoma is associated with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether glucose metabolism in pancreatic cancer has prognostic significance for patients suffering from this disease. METHODS: The survival data of 52 patients with pancreatic carcinoma was correlated with the standardized uptake value (SUV) as a semiquantitative parameter of glucose metabolism, as determined with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET). A multivariate analysis, including SUV and accepted factors of prognosis, such as stage at presentation and tumor marker Ca 19-9, was performed to determine the prognostic value of FDG PET. RESULTS: The median survival in 26 patients with low SUV (< 6.1) was 9 months (95% confidence interval 6-12 months) vs. 5 months (95% confidence interval 4-6 months) in 26 patients with high SUV (> or = 6.1). Multivariate analysis revealed SUV and tumor marker Ca 19-9 as independent factors of prognosis in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Glucose metabolism, as determined with FDG PET, provides additional prognostic information in patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Personality traits in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients in relation to the disease state, disease extent and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study whether personality scores, as measured using the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), are associated with the risk and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 78 male patients with newly diagnosed HNSCC and 61 male patients with benign HN disease completed the EPI, which assesses the following: neuroticism, extraversion and lie score. The TNM stage, prognosis, diagnostic delay, level of education and smoking and alcohol consumption histories of the patients were also recorded. Patients with cachexia and those aged > 80 years were excluded. RESULTS: The cancer patients had higher neuroticism scores (10.7 +/- 0.5 vs 8.3 +/- 0.6; p < 0.01) than the control patients. This association was shown to be secondary to the fact that neuroticism is associated with increased alcohol consumption. The personality trait scores were not associated with the length of diagnostic delay. It was also suggested that a low lie score predicted disease-specific death in the HNSCC patients (p = 0.02). Total survival also seemed to be predictable (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Neuroticism is probably associated with a risk of HNSCC as a result of increased alcohol consumption. If the prognostic results can be replicated, a potentially important association between this personality trait and the prognosis of HNSCC is suggested.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2003

Diagnostic delay and prognosis in invasive bladder cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To study diagnostic delay in invasive bladder cancer in a population-based material with long-term follow-up, and to evaluate whether delay in diagnosis affects the risk of bladder cancer death. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a previous study, 177 patients with invasive bladder cancer (T1-T4) diagnosed in 1988 were investigated with regard to diagnostic delay. A review of all available clinical records was performed. In the present study, causes of death for these patients were registered over a 12-year follow-up period, and the impact of diagnostic delay on bladder cancer death was studied by means of survival analysis. RESULTS: The median diagnostic delay in the material was 144 days. When the patients were stratified into groups with diagnostic delays of 0-3, 3-6, 6-12 and >12 months, those with T1 tumours in the two groups with a diagnostic delay of <6 months showed a trend towards a decreased risk of bladder cancer death. In contrast, in patients with muscle-invasive disease, a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer death was noted for those with a diagnostic delay of <6 months. CONCLUSION: A trend towards better prognosis was found for patients with T1 tumours with a shorter diagnostic delay. The poor prognosis of patients with muscle-invasive disease and a short diagnostic delay suggests aggressive behaviour of the tumour and may explain the worse prognosis in these patients.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2004

Parental longevity and prognosis in elderly patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

In general, elderly patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have a less favourable prognosis than younger patients. Established predictors of prognosis in NHL are less discriminatory in the elderly, which is why there is a need for additional markers giving guidance on treatment decisions and prediction of outcome. The expected length of life of an individual in the general population is intimately associated with that of his/her parents. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that parental longevity is associated with improved outcome also among elderly patients with aggressive NHL and thus serves as an easily accessible non-disease associated prognostic factor. A total of 220 patients ( > 60 years) with aggressive NHL with a median age of 71 years (range 60-86) were included. Patients were randomized to receive CHOP or CNOP (doxorubicin replaced with mitoxantrone) chemotherapy with or without the addition of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The median follow-up time was 56 (19-89) months. Parental data regarding age at death were available through parish offices for 425 (97%) parents. Relative risk (RR) of death (disease-specific and all-cause) associated with parental lifespan was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, with adjustment for sex, age, prognostic index, symptoms, and calendar period of diagnosis. Maternal lifespan below (versus above) median was associated with a borderline significant reduced disease-specific (adjusted RR of death from NHL = 1.5; 95% confidence interval 1.0-2.1) and overall survival. The effect of maternal lifespan was somewhat more pronounced in patients receiving CHOP than CNOP treatment. Paternal lifespan below the median was associated with a borderline significant increased disease-specific (adjusted RR of death from NHL = 0.8 [0.5-1.0]) and overall survival. Combined, maternal, and paternal lifespan had little impact on survival. These effects were true also when CHOP and CNOP treated patients were analysed separately. Maternal and paternal lifespan may predict survival in NHL, but with opposing effects. At present parental age appears not to be a clinically useful predictor of prognosis in the elderly with aggressive NHL.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Modified optimal fractionation for poor prognosis malignant gliomas: an elusive search.

The prognosis of malignant gliomas has not changed much over the last few decades despite refinements in neurosurgical techniques, high-precision radiotherapy, and newer chemotherapeutic agents. The median survival of poor prognosis malignant gliomas (older and/or poor performance status patients) still remains in the range of 6-9 months following maximal safe resection and postoperative conventionally fractionated adjuvant radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. However, six weeks of daily radiotherapy does seem inappropriate in relation to the short expected survival time in this subset and there is an increasing emphasis on reducing the overall treatment time and the number of hospital visits by such patients. This can be achieved either by accelerated radiotherapy or by hypofractionated radiation, both of which are equivalent to conventional fractionation in terms of palliative effect and survival, as in discussed in this review. Despite enough evidence, such alteration of fractionation has not gained widespread acceptance by the oncologic fraternity. This review has been conducted to collate the evidence that could help shift the paradigm from conventional to modified fractionation in poor prognosis malignant glioma patients.

Central Nervous System Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

Tumor progression, early diagnosis and prognosis of melanoma.

Primary melanomas evolve from melanocytes or from precursor lesions through two stages: the radial and vertical growth phases. The radial growth phase may be in situ or microinvasive, but is a non-tumorigenic neoplastic process, while the vertical growth phase is tumorigenic. The prognosis in radial growth phase is excellent irrespective of thickness or other variables. Curable radial growth phase melanomas can be recognized by surveillance of patients identified by screening for risk markers which include dysplastic nevi, common nevi, freckles, and other indicators of chronic or acute sun exposure or sun sensitivity. The prognosis in vertical growth phase depends on attributes of the tumor and of the host. The tumor mitotic rate, the presence of host tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) within the vertical growth phase, and tumor thickness are the most powerful predictors of survival. New prognostic attributes are needed not only to provide for more accurate prognosis and diagnosis, but also to test the relevance of in vitro or animal studies in a human neoplastic system. Such attributes will be developed in the future based on markers that are associated with tumor progression. Candidate markers include growth factors and cytokines and their receptors, adhesion molecules and their ligands, chemotactic and motility factors, immune response-related molecules, and tumor-associated proteases. Some of these markers that are represented in the transition from radial to vertical growth phase will be reviewed. The tumor progression model presented here has been of value in the development of more accurate prognostic models, and in the elucidation of mechanisms of the malignant phenotype in melanoma.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congruence of knowledge, experiences, and preferences for disclosure of diagnosis and prognosis between terminally-ill cancer patients and their family caregivers in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Over the last 40 years, studies have shown cultural differences in attitudes toward truth telling at the end-of-life. Nevertheless, the argument that cancer patients from an Asian culture have different preferences about information disclosure that necessitate significantly modifying information disclosure practices has not been validated by direct investigation from patients' points of view. METHODS: Six hundred seventeen dyads of patient-designated family caregivers across 21 hospitals throughout Taiwan were surveyed and interviewed by a semistructured interview guide. Percentage of agreement, kappa coefficients, McNemar tests, and paired t-tests were conducted to examine the extent of congruence of knowledge, experiences, and preferences for disclosure of diagnosis and prognosis between the dyads. RESULTS: There were substantial discrepancies in the knowledge and experiences of being informed about the diagnosis and prognosis between Taiwanese terminally-ill cancer patients and their family caregivers (kappa values ranged from 0.08 to 0.44). Cancer patients strongly proclaimed their superior rights to be informed about their disease over their family and preferred their physicians to inform themselves before releasing any information to their family caregivers. CONCLUSION: The arguments that cancer patients from an Asian culture (i.e., Chinese/Taiwanese culture) have different preferences regarding being informed of their diagnosis and prognosis and that family members have legitimate superior power in decision making could not be supported by data from this group of terminally-ill cancer patients. Physicians need to respect patients' preferences rather than routinely taking the family's opinions into consideration first in the event of disagreement. Equipped with adequate information, terminally-ill cancer patients from Asia may have better opportunities to make end-of-life care decisions that are in accord with their wishes.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Sarcoidosis in children. Epidemiology in Danes, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

This paper reviews current knowledge of childhood sarcoidosis with regard to the epidemiology in Danes, clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, treatment and prognosis. Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology, with multiorgan involvement. The diagnosis is confirmed by the demonstration of epitheloid cell granulomas in tissue biopsy specimens. During the period 1980-92, three cases of childhood sarcoidosis were recorded in Copenhagen County, which has a total population of 610,000. The approximate incidence of clinically recognized sarcoidosis in Danish children younger than 15 y of age was 0.22-0.27/100,000 children per year, corresponding to approximately three new cases in Denmark each year. The true incidence is unknown, since the disease is often asymptomatic and resolves without a clinical diagnosis being made. In children younger than 5 y of age, the disease is characterized by involvement of skin, eyes and joints, whereas in older children involvement of lungs, lymph nodes and eyes predominate. The mainstay of treatment consists of oral corticosteroids. The risk/benefit ratio of using long-term corticosteroids needs to be evaluated in each individual patient. Some patients may benefit from additional therapy with methotrexate. The long-term prognosis is not well established, but it seems to be poorer in children younger than 5 y. Older children appear to have as favourable a prognosis as young adults.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

MDR-1, but not MDR-3 gene expression, is associated with unmutated IgVH genes and poor prognosis chromosomal aberrations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Two P-glycoprotein (P-gp) genes, MDR-1 (ABCB1) and MDR-3 (ABCB4), have been identified in humans. This study was designed to investigate whether associations exist between expression of MDR-1 and MDR-3 P-gp and other markers of poor prognosis and/or prior exposure to therapeutic agents in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). IgVH mutational status, gene usage, CD38 positivity, FISH analysis and clinical information were available on all patients. Twenty-one of 101 patients tested showed MDR-3 P-gp positivity. Associations with markers of poor prognosis or prior chemotherapy did not reach statistical significance, but MDR-3 P-gp positive patients had significantly shorter survivals than MDR-3 P-gp negative patients. MDR-1 P-gp expression (18/25) showed a strong association with unmutated IgVH genes and adverse prognosis cytogenetics (p = 0.015, p = 0.014, respectively), but was independent of prior exposure to chemotherapeutic agents. These results suggest a role for MDR-1 and MDR-3 in chemoresistant disease. This study highlights the value of determining MDR phenotype in CLL patients prior to treatment, to allow the design of novel drug regimens containing agents that reverse MDR function.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B↗
PubMed2002

The prognosis of bronchial asthma in childhood in Hungary: a long-term follow-up.

The aim of this study was to determine the prognosis of bronchial asthma in childhood in Hungary. One hundred and forty five adults (96 men and 49 women) with a clinical history of childhood bronchial asthma were examined at the age of 28 years or above (mean age 37.6, SD 5.9 years). The patients completed questionnaires concerning their asthmatic and accompanying allergic symptoms in childhood, at the age of 18 and at present. They were all prick-tested with 12 inhalant allergens. The results showed that 42.8% of the patients had become symptom-free, but 57.2% still had intermittent or persisting asthmatic symptoms in adulthood. More patients had intermittent day-time (59%) and night-time (67%) asthmatic symptoms than persistent symptoms (41% and 33%). Accompanying allergic diseases (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, dermal and gastrointestinal diseases, and drug andfood allergies) in childhood did not definitely affect the prognosis of the bronchial asthma. The proportion of females with allergic diseases increased, and among patients with skin diseases it was significantly higher than the proportion of affected males. At the age of 18, allergic rhinitis was more frequent than in childhood. The frequencies of other allergic disorders did not change significantly. In the patients with asthmatic symptoms, molds and cat-hair allergies were more frequent than in the symptom-free group. The long-term prognosis of bronchial asthma in childhood in Hungary is relatively good, but fewer than half of the patients became symptom-free. The complaints of most of the patients were mild, but one in seven of all the adults suffered from moderate or serious bronchial asthma. Household allergens may contribute to the persistence of asthmatic symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

erbB-2 oncoprotein expression in breast carcinoma. Poor prognosis associated with high degree of cytoplasmic positivity using CB-11 antibody.

The relationship between immunohistochemically measured membranous expression of erbB-2 oncoprotein and prognosis in breast cancer is controversial, and the relationship between cytoplasmic positivity and prognosis has been minimally investigated. The clinical course of 300 women with infiltrating breast carcinoma, whose tumors were stained for erbB-2 oncoprotein with CB-11 monoclonal antibody, was followed for 5 to 79 months (median, 41 months). Higher numbers of cancer-related deaths were observed in patients with moderate-to-strong cytoplasmic positivity (15/60, 25%) and strong membranous positivity (9/29, 31%) than in patients with negatively stained tumors (8/53, 15%) or tumors with weaker degrees of cytoplasmic or membranous positivity (rate similar to or less than negative tumors). Relapse-free survival was also significantly shorter in patients with tumors with strong membranous positivity and moderate-to-strong cytoplasmic positivity; much of the latter relationship was due to a high number of patients who had erbB-2-positive tumors and who were never disease free. A significant association between decreased relapse-free survival and moderate-to-strong cytoplasmic (but not membranous) positivity persisted even after correction for other variables associated with poor outcome (histologic grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and hormone receptor status). Moderate-to-strong erbB-2 oncoprotein cytoplasmic positivity, measured with CB-11 antibody, is associated with a poor prognosis and seems to have biologic significance.

Breast Neoplasms↗