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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

A therapeutic concept for the combined orthodontic surgical correction of angle Class II deformities with short-face syndrome: Surgical lengthening of the lower face.

In today's society not only facial esthetics have become important, but also the information on ways to correct adult orthodontic problems is readily available. Subsequently, increasing number of adults seek orthodontic treatment merely to change their facial appearance. In general, these adult patients exhibit such a severe skeletal deformity that it is noticeable even by non-experts. The nature of these adult deformities is such that the only promising treatment is the combined orthodontic-surgical approach. A stable and functional occlusion with a physiologic position for the condyle is the common goal of orthodontic treatment. In patients with skeletal deformities, however, improvement of facial esthetics takes paramount importance. They judge the success of treatment by extraoral appearance. Accordingly, the clinician must assess both the dental and facial appearance, and then inform the patient of different treatment possibilities. In this scenario, patient's input into the decision making process is critical for a mutually satisfactory result. This clinical report describes a concept of systematic approach to treatment of Class II deformities with skeletal deep bite and short lower face (short-face syndrome). This approach emphasizes the soft tissue analysis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

A therapeutic concept for the combined orthodontic surgical correction of angle Class II deformities with short-face syndrome: Surgical lengthening of the lower face.

In today's society not only facial esthetics have become important, but also the information on ways to correct adult orthodontic problems is readily available. Subsequently, increasing number of adults seek orthodontic treatment merely to change their facial appearance. In general, these adult patients exhibit such a severe skeletal deformity that it is noticeable even by non-experts. The nature of these adult deformities is such that the only promising treatment is the combined orthodontic-surgical approach. A stable and functional occlusion with a physiologic position for the condyle is the common goal of orthodontic treatment. In patients with skeletal deformities, however, improvement of facial esthetics takes paramount importance. They judge the success of treatment by extraoral appearance. Accordingly, the clinician must assess both the dental and facial appearance, and then inform the patient of different treatment possibilities. In this scenario, patient's input into the decision making process is critical for a mutually satisfactory result. This clinical report describes a concept of systematic approach to treatment of Class II deformities with skeletal deep bite and short lower face (short-face syndrome). This approach emphasizes the soft tissue analysis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Orthodontic movement into bone defects augmented with bovine bone mineral and fibrin sealer: a reentry case report.

Periodontal disease can lead to migration of anterior teeth with the presence of infrabony defects. This creates the opportunity for treating such patients with a combined orthodontic-periodontic treatment. In the presented clinical case, an adult periodontal patient with extrusion of the maxillary central incisors and an infrabony defect on their lingual aspects was treated. During the surgical procedure, the bone defects were augmented with a combination of porous bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss) and a fibrin-fibronectin sealing system (Tissucol). Ten days after surgery, the active orthodontic treatment started, and the teeth were intruded and realigned, moving the roots into the defects. After 6 months, the orthodontic appliances were removed and the teeth were retained by means of a resin-bonded splint. At this time, reduction in probing pocket depth and gingival recession was detected. Twelve months after the initial surgery, a reentry procedure was performed, showing complete filling of the predisposing defects with the presence of bone-like hard tissue. These clinical results suggest that teeth can be successfully moved and intruded into bone defects previously augmented with bovine bone substitute and fibrin glue. During the orthodontic treatment, this combined augmentation material was able to be replaced by bone-like hard tissue. At the end of the therapy, an improvement in esthetics and periodontal health status was registered.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression and modification of NO synthase in human dental pulps during orthodontic treatment.

In the last few years our histology laboratory has worked in collaboration with Winchmore Hill Dental Practice in London in studying nitric oxide synthase (NOS) protein expression by the use of immunohistochemistry in dental pulps following orthodontic treatment (A. Gerbino et al. 2000; A. Gerbino et al 2001; A. Gerbino et al 2001.) The study has been carried out on samples taken from orthodontically treated and non-orthodontically treated teeth. The results suggest a close correlation between the duration of the orthodontic traction and the expression of the above-mentioned neurotransmitter (NO).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Pre-implant orthodontics: achieving vertical bone height without osseous grafts.

Traditionally, orthodontic treatment has be involved with implant dentistry to correct malocclusion prior to surgical procedures. Most recently, orthodontics has become an invaluable adjunct to implant dentistry for treatment plans involving tooth replacement for sites diagnosed with localized advanced periodontitis. Loss of vertical bone height as a result of periodontal disease is difficult to overcome with hard tissue grafting. However, in cases where the failing or failed tooth is still present, an alternative method involving pre-implant orthodontics is being utilized to generate vertical bone height. Specifically, orthodontic intrusive and extrusive forces are exerted on the hopeles tooth or teeth to facilitate bone in the future implant site. The author presents a case demonstrating this technique.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2005

Cell biology in orthodontic tooth movement: the known and the unknown.

This review is aimed at providing, at the cellular level, a concise and complete overview of the important knowledge on the mechanism of orthodontic tooth movement to orthodontists and postgraduates who are involved or interested in basic research. The construction of this article was oriented to the following key questions: Where an osteoclast starts to its first resorption site? When the cascade of a resorption cycle starts? What are the factors involved in bone remodeling and how they orchestrate? What happens before and after the formation of a resorption pit? Major findings in these aspects were summarized and discussed. In addition, related biological phenomenon such as orthodontically induced root resorption was intensively reviewed. By means of an updated and systematic review, the author intended to introduce more biological evidence to orthodontic intervention and to encourage evidence-based treatment in daily orthodontic practice.

Cell Biology↗
PubMed2005

[Presurgical orthodontic treatment of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate in 100 infants].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application and curative effect of naso-alveolar molding plate in the presurgical orthodontic treatment of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate in infants. METHODS: From January 2003 to March 2004, 100 infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate received presurgical orthopedics by using naso-alveolar molding plate. According to the age, 100 infants (aging 10 days to 3 months, including 60 males and 40 females) were divided into the test group (10 days to 1 month) and the control group (1-3 months). The widths of lip cleft and dentoalveolar cleft and the rate of satisfaction for nose wing were compared between 2 groups before treatment and after the treatment. RESULTS: The widths of cleft lip and dentoalveolar cleft before orthodontic (5.0 +/- 1.6 mm, 6.9 +/- 2.6 mm) and after orthodontics (4.1 +/- 2.7 mm, 6.4 +/- 2.9 mm)in the test group were less than those in the control group (7.5 3.1 mm, 12.5 +/- 4.0 mm and 8.3 +/- 3.0 mm, 10.8 +/- 2.6 mm), being statistically different (P < 0.05). The satisfactory rate of nose wing in the test group (86.3%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (62.4%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The advantages of presurgical orthodontic treatment of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate in infants are as follows: repositioning the premaxillary segment, reducing the width of palate cleft, correcting the nasal deformities and facilitating surgical repair of cleft lip and palate.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed2005

[Influences of applying force during the different stages of estrous cycle on orthodontic tooth movement of rats].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of applying force during the different stages of estrous cycle on orthodontic tooth movement of rats, so as to offer an experimental princinple for women's orthodontic treatment. METHODS: 80 female 3-month-old Wistar rats, which had a stable and five-day estrous cycle, were used. They were randomly divided into control groups and loading-force groups. Each group was divided again into 4 sub-groups according to the different stages of the estrous cycle. The loading-force groups received repeated intermittent orthodontic force for four times seperately during the same stage of the estrous cycle. The distance between upper incisor and the first molar on the left was measured. The data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA, S-N-K. RESULTS: There were significant variations in the amount of tooth movement among the groups which received the mechanical force during the different stages of the estrous cycle (P <0.01). There were significant variations in the amount of tooth movement between the groups received force during pre-estrus and estrus (P <0.05). There were not significant variations between the groups received force during metestrus and diestrus (P > 0.05). The largest amount of tooth movement was in estrus group and smallest in pre-estrus one. CONCLUSION: The effect of tooth movement depended on which stage of estrous cycle was chosen to be the time of applying orthodontic force.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

Profile preferences of Korean American orthodontic patients and orthodontists.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine differences in preference for Korean American facial profiles among Korean American orthodontic patients with 2 levels of acculturation, Asian American orthodontists, and Caucasian orthodontists. METHODS: Images of 1 male and 1 female Korean American adult were animated to move parts of the faces from an extreme retrusive position to an extreme protrusive position by using the Perceptometrics computer program. Three movies were created of the nose, lips, and chin for each image. Three groups of judges, ie, 18 Korean American orthodontic patients, 17 Asian orthodontists, and 18 Caucasian orthodontists selected the most pleasing position and the zone of acceptability as a measure of tolerance. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found between Caucasian orthodontists and Korean American orthodontic patients for the most pleasing and midpoint of acceptability positions of female nose and male chin, with no differences in the zone of acceptability position among the groups. CONCLUSION: In general, the Korean American orthodontic patients preferred a more protrusive nose on the female image and more retrusive chin on the male image than Caucasian orthodontists for the most pleasing and midpoint of acceptability positions, with similar zone of acceptability for all 3 groups.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1989

Variations in the perceived need for orthodontic treatment in a sample of 14-year-old children in North Derbyshire.

The investigation explored the possibility that failure to present for orthodontic treatment might result from failure by the child or parent to recognise the existence of an irregular dentition, or to perceive an irregular dentition as a cause for concern. Although a previous investigation by the present authors revealed that a substantial number of the 14-year-old children who had not received and were not scheduled for treatment were in need of orthodontic intervention, use of the SCAN index showed that the great majority did not perceive themselves as having a markedly unattractive dental appearance. Furthermore, almost 86 per cent of the children who had not received and were not scheduled for orthodontic treatment declared themselves happy with their dental aesthetics, as did a similar proportion of their parents. On the other hand, a large majority of children scheduled for orthodontic treatment, together with their parents, reported themselves unhappy with the dental aesthetics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[X-ray examinations in orthodontic diagnostics as a source of ionizing radiation].

Orthodontics increasingly depends on X-ray examinations in the therapy and diagnosis of dento-facial anomalies. In the choice of roentgenologic diagnostic methods attempts are made to select a method that provides maximum information with the least irradiation of the patient. Insufficient knowledge of the biological effects of ionizing radiation may result in undue precaution by the doctor or utter indifference. Therefore, literature data were analyzed to cast more light on the risks of ionizing radiation. The following conclusions have been reached: orthodontists are obligated to expose their patients to a minimal possible radiation; it is not possible to define the safety threshold of X-ray radiation because of unpredictable stochastic effects, although the incidence of damage due to the lowest doses is negligible; the doses of radiation due to orthodontic X-ray examinations are within the range of natural, environmental doses. However, because of their cumulative effects, they should not be underestimated; stomatologic X-ray examinations account for 8 to 25% of all X-ray examinations, yet their contribution to genetically significant doses is the smallest; since the effects of genetically significant doses have not been scientifically elucidated to a sufficient extent, X-ray radiation should be maximally reduced, modern roentgenologic techniques should be used and the safety instructions should be strictly followed; if all safety measures are adhered to, it is not necessary to impose limitations with regard to the performance of orthodontic X-ray examinations; it is important to obtain from the patient history of his previous X-ray examinations; a favorable relationship should exist between medically warranted needs and possible damages to the patient; standardization of orthodontic X-ray diagnosis will facilitate recording of relevant data and the calculation of radiation doses.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Timing of orthodontic tooth movement in a case with traumatized and avulsed anterior teeth.

A traumatic injury to a patient undergoing orthodontic treatment resulted in avulsion, dislodgement, and fracture of upper anterior teeth. Deciding when to institute endodontic treatment and when to resume orthodontic treatment was based upon minimizing the changes for ankyloses and root resorption. Endodontic treatment was carried out two weeks after trauma, and orthodontic treatment continued three weeks after trauma. Radiographs taken six months, one year, and two years after orthodontic completion showed progressive root resorption to the avulsed tooth and minimum root resorption to the remaining anterior teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Speech disturbance (dyslalia) and orthodontic abnormalities].

In orthodontic casuistics, utterance impairments of varying severity and forms are quite frequently encountered, which primarily urged us to embark upon a study of interrelationship between orthodontic findings and speech function. A group of 45 subjects was examined. Cases in whom impairments of articulation were not caused by CNS dysfunction, were primarily selected according to casuistics. Thirty-one patients, 24 males and 7 females, aged 7-25 years, were completely studied. Representatives of all basic orthodontic abnormalities and 4 eugnathic subjects with utterance impairments were included for comparison. Utterance impairments were found to correlate with the stage and severity of orthodontic abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

A comparison of orthodontic screening methods used in school dental inspections.

The validity of two currently used orthodontic screening programmes was investigated and compared to an objective measure of need for orthodontic treatment. The results indicate that existing orthodontic screening methods underestimate the numbers of children with severe malocclusions. The use of a more objective measure of orthodontic treatment need is recommended.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Adjunctive orthodontic treatment for adult patients.

An increasing number of adult patients are becoming more aware of their orthodontic needs, and more willing to pursue treatment. This article identifies some of the major differences in the orthodontic treatment of children and adults, and summarizes important aspects of adjunctive orthodontic treatment for adults that may facilitate other dental treatment. In addition, a number of clinical scenarios in which adjunctive orthodontics may enhance the provision of restorative treatment in adult patients are identified.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Presurgical orthodontic decompensation of mandibular incisors.

The effects of presurgical orthodontic decompensation on lower incisor inclination and angle ANB were studied using a modified Pancherz method of cephalometric analysis. Two groups of patients with mandibular hyperplasia were studied: one group (Group 1) of nineteen cases which required orthodontic decompensation and another (Group 2) of twenty-one cases which did not. The cephalometric changes which occurred in Group 1 were compared with the significant cephalometric differences existing between the two groups with respect to incisor inclination (ILi/OL; P < .001) and the sagittal relation (ANB; P < 0.05). After orthodontic treatment the average lower incisal angulation of the treated group was the same as that in the untreated group; the variations (S.D) being 3.6 degrees and 7.4 degrees respectively indicating that the clinical assessment of the orthodontic treatment effect was quite high.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1998

Treatment outcome for a sample of patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion treated at a regional hospital orthodontic department.

This retrospective study assessed the outcome of orthodontic treatment of 264 patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion (overjet greater than 6 mm). The sample comprised patients who had completed their fixed appliance orthodontic treatment at a regional hospital orthodontic unit in the Republic of Ireland. The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating) was used to evaluate treatment outcome using before and after treatment study casts. The results revealed that treatment for this particular type of malocclusion was highly effective with a very few patients failing to benefit from their orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The periodontal findings during orthodontic treatment. A cross-sectional study].

The study was designed to evaluate the adverse influence of removable or fixed orthodontic appliances on the periodontal status of patients, thus predisposing to periodontal disease. PLI (Plaque Index), PBI (Papillary Bleeding Index), SFFR (Sulcus-Fluid-Flow-Rate) and probing depth were the parameters used to evaluate the periodontal health of the patients in the study group. The results of the investigation were: 1. There was no significant difference between wearers of removable appliances and the untreated control group. 2. Wearers of fixed orthodontic appliances showed increased values of the Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI) and the Sulcus-Fluid-Flow-Rate (SFFR) in contrast to the control group. 3. The small patient population did not allow for definite conclusions to be made on the relationship between the age of the patients and the results of the investigation. 4. The most striking observation of the study was a decreased ability to maintain oral hygiene with a consequent decline in periodontal health. Orthodontic movements however should be carried out basically on teeth with a healthy periodontium.

Adolescent↗