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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Efficacy of a 1% lambdacyhalothrin cattle Pour-on (Saber) against sucking and biting lice infesting beef cattle.

Four studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of a 1% lambdacyhalothrin pour-on (Saber Pour-on, Schering-Plough Animal Health) for control of sucking lice (Linognathus vituli, Haematopinus eurysternus, Solenopotes capillatus) and biting lice (Damalinia bovis) on beef cattle. Seventy-four mixed-breed cattle naturally infested with one or more species of lice at locations in Wisconsin, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and North Dakota were included in the study. Pretreatment lice samples were taken and identified by genus with the exception that sucking lice were not identified by genus at the North Dakota site. In January or February, half of the cattle at each location received a single application of 1% lambdacyhalothrin pour-on at 10 ml per head for cattle weighing less than 273 kg (600 lb) or 15 ml per head for cattle weighing 273 kg or more. The other cattle at each site served as untreated controls. Lice on designated body areas were counted 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after treatment, and the sum of all lice observed on each counting area was reported for each animal. The collective efficacy 6 weeks after treatment against three species of sucking lice (L. vituli, H. eurysternus, S. capillatus) was 88.4% at the Wisconsin site, 92.0% at the North Dakota site, and 100% at the Nebraska and Oklahoma sites. The 1% lambdacyhalothrin pour-on eliminated all biting lice within 2 weeks after treatment, and no biting lice were detected 8 weeks after treatment. A single treatment of 1% lambdacyhalothrin pour-on administered when lice populations were highest (January or February) provided effective season-long control of both biting and sucking lice on cattle.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2003

Self-reported therapeutic errors to a poison control center.

BACKGROUND: The techniques for avoiding medication errors in healthcare settings can be extrapolated to improving pharmaceutical care and medication safety in the patient's home. Understanding patient self-dosing errors in self dosing is important in the development of prevention strategies. OBJECTIVE: To examine cases of therapeutic errors in patient self dosing as reported to the Oklahoma Poison Control Center, with the goal of proposing prevention strategies and education. METHODS: A retrospective study of self-dosing errors was performed examining root cause, patient age, and pharmaceutical agent. RESULTS: Patient self-dosing errors accounted for 8.75% of all poison control exposures as compiled by the Oklahoma Poison Control Center in 2001. The most common reasons for therapeutic errors in all age groups involved taking or giving the wrong formulation or concentration, inadvertently taking/giving medication twice and another incorrect dose. CONCLUSION: Patient education is the key to preventing therapeutic errors in the home.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Poisoning trends and the importance of educating patients about poison prevention.

Medical professionals are recognized as a vital link in communities for education and treatment of poisoning exposures. The Oklahoma Poison Control Center (OPCC) is a resource for medical professionals as well as the public. Nationally and in Oklahoma, among all age groups, analgesics are responsible for the most fatalities. Trends in common exposures in the age 5 and younger age group and the 13 through 19 age group, an acetaminophen protocol, information about the poison center and HIPPA privacy regulations, poison prevention tips and where to obtain educational materials are outlined. National Poison Prevention Week, March 21-27, 2004, is an excellent time to educate all age groups about poison prevention techniques and what to do when there is a poisoning emergency. Board certified toxicologists, pharmacists and registered nurses are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week by calling 1-800-222-1222.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed2004

Planning + practice = preparedness: a case study in injury prevention.

At 5:30 p.m. on May 8, 2003, 1,200 employees were at work at the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, General Motors Production Plant when it was hit by an F4 tornado. Although the plant sustained extensive structural damage none of the employees were injured. The plant's commitment to emergency response planning, the routine practice of those plans through drills, tests, and education, and the smooth implementation of the plan at the appropriate time helped prevent injury and potential loss of life. This case study provides an example of effective injury prevention.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed2001

Improving the health of Oklahomans: status and goals of adult immunization.

This article will discuss the prevalence and impact of the infectious diseases affecting adult Oklahomans for which vaccines are available. Evidence for vaccine utilization and the present status and future aspirations for population-wide immunization rates in Oklahoma will also be reviewed. The information and data herein are taken mainly from recommendations established by the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF); the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) publication Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Disease; the findings of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) as published in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report; the Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH) State of the State's Health Report; and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a telephone survey conducted by the CDC.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

African-American caregivers' expectations of physicians: gaining insights into the key issues of caregivers' concerns.

This qualitative study was done to determine what expectations, if any, African-American caregivers' have of physicians; what were the various causes of caregivers' distress, and what were the participants' perceived level of satisfaction or lack of satisfaction with the physician-patient-caregiver relationship The participants in this current study were either providing or had provided assistance in the activities of daily living of elders diagnosed with Alzheimer's or dementia. Focus group methodology was used and participants were recruited from Oklahoma County, Oklahoma. A total of 13 participants, whose mean age was 53.8 years of age and whose education was at least that of high school graduate, participated in the study. The majority of the caregivers were children who were caring for parents. The participants were asked three basic questions relating to their experiences or frustrations and the questions were followed by a 45-minute discussion to allow for further elaboration. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Zarit Burden Interview, combined with a demographic information form, was used to define the characteristics of the caregivers (Sheik, et al., 1986; Zarit, Reever & Bach-Peterson, 1980; Vitaliano, Russo, Yung, Becker, & Maiuro, 1991; National Center for Cost Containment, 1993). Findings from this study suggest that of the 13 participants only 2 could be classified as depressed. However, the caregivers expected information, referral for services and assistance in recognizing disease progression. These elements were sometimes lacking as well as not always having effctive caregiver-physician interaction. Greater attention by physicians to the needs, stressors, and expectations of African-American caregivers may improve the caregiver-physician interaction and may reduce caregiver stress. Further studies in this area can add to the sparsely available information.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Preconception health: a public health challenge.

Minimal attention has been paid to preconception counseling even though good preconception health may be among the most important segments of a woman's life. Only in recent years have most healthcare providers, including obstetricians, realized that the initiation of health care and guidance after conception may be too late to prevent birth defects, low birthweight and infant mortality. The Oklahoma State Department of Health's Birth Defect Registry has developed a Women's Health Appraisal Questionnaire to assist physicians in identifying high-risk behaviors and other condition in the patient's environment that may be linked to detrimental outcomes to the fetus. The Women's Health Questionnaire can be offered to women of childbearing age in the waiting rooms of health clinics. The questionnaire takes about three to five minutes for the patient to complete. Free English and Spanish versions of the Women's Health Appraisal Questionnaire and other preconception tip booklets are being offered to physicians and health departments in Oklahoma. To order the preconception health questionnaire and booklets, there is an order form included in this journal.

Counseling↗
PubMed2006

Tobacco-free campus initiative.

College students in the United States face many health risks in what, for most, is their first extended stay away from home. Unhealthy diets, binge drinking, and stress can all contribute to the decreased health status of many 18-24 year olds attending college. Smoking on college campuses, however, is one factor that is not as often included in this list of risky behavior. Smoking and tobacco use is so prevalent that it is often considered the normal thing to do. To counter this belief, and hopefully provide a better way to equip Oklahoma students to lead tobacco-free lifestyles as adults, we have developed a thorough and pointed policy aimed at reducing tobacco use among the 18-24-year-old population. The Oklahoma statute entitled "Smoking in Public Places and Indoor Workplaces Act," Title 63, specifically addresses smoking in educational facilities in Section 1-1523 by giving educational facilities freedom to assign areas permissible for smoking outside buildings and during most activities. Part C of this section states, "Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit educational facilities from having more restrictive policies regarding smoking and the use of other tobacco products in the buildings or on the grounds of the facility." Part C is the premise of the following proposed policy. Outlined in this discussion will be the definition of the problem and basic rationale for such a policy, definition of educational facilities, an outline and communication of policy provisions, suggestions for assistance and cessation, types of enforcement, funding sources, and key players who need to be involved for effective application of this policy. Additionally discussed are the implications and limitations of a restricting policy on tobacco use.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Admission requirements for radiography programs.

CONTEXT: Radiography program applicants far outnumber available class capacity in many programs. Educational accountability requires that programs justify their admission practices, work to retain all qualified students and evaluate their attrition rates. Thus, radiography programs are interested in identifying the best candidates for admission. PURPOSE: The purpose of this small survey study was to document admission requirements of entry-level programs in radiography accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT) in Oklahoma and Texas. METHODS: A 14-question survey was sent to 45 JRCERT-accredited entry-level radiography programs in Oklahoma and Texas. The survey included questions concerning program demographics, admission criteria and admission practices. RESULTS: Cumulative grade point average, interviews, successful completion of math and science courses, and performance on standardized tests were the most commonly used admission criteria, although no criteria were used by all of the programs surveyed. CONCLUSION: The current study is the first step toward identifying the most effective admission criteria for radiography programs. Future research should examine the correlation of specific admission criteria with program success (ie, program retention, program completion and professional certification).

Educational Measurement↗
PubMed2006

Recurrent critical violations of the food code in retail food service establishments.

Records of restaurant inspections by public health departments provide sequential "snapshots" of conditions in retail food service establishments that can be used to identify risk factors and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. Data from a random 10 percent sample of restaurant inspection files from 31 counties in Oklahoma, including 4,044 inspections conducted during 1996-2000 in "medium-risk" and "high-risk" establishments, were analyzed to determine rates of critical violations and recurrent violations for different categories of establishments. Repeat violations accounted for about half of all violations. Establishments subjectively designated as high risk by health department personnel were in fact found to have higher violation rates than those described as medium-risk establishments. Outside Oklahoma County, regional chain restaurants were significantly more likely than other restaurants to have recurrent violations of critical items related to food-holding temperature, hygiene practices, sanitization, and hygiene facilities. Differences observed in violation rates among individual establishments were not primarily attributable to inconsistent enforcement by individual inspectors; rather, they appeared to be indicative of real differences in hygienic conditions and practices.

Food Inspection↗
PubMed1991

Obstetrical practice survey report. Healthy Futures Program, May 2, 1991.

Oklahoma physicians in three specialty areas (ob/gyn, family practice, and general practice) were surveyed in regard to their practice of obstetrics. The 611 physicians who responded included a representative sample in regard to county of practice, rural vs urban, age, degree (DO & MD), specialty, and type of practice. Respondents accounted for 51% of the total 1989 births in Oklahoma during calendar year 1989. The vast majority (greater than 90%) of respondents report that they normally provide delivery services and prenatal care in combination. Cesarean sections are performed by almost all ob/gyns (97.6%), more than half of the family practitioners (56.5%), and a very few general practitioners (18.9%). Half of all physicians responding have made changes in their obstetric practice in the last 3 years. The most common changes are: reducing care of medically high risk, uninsured, and/or Medicaid patients. The most important reasons for these changes are: fear of obstetric malpractice suits, inconvenience of obstetrics and excessive professional liability insurance premiums. Specific reasons for reducing care to medically high risk patients were reported to be: increased medical legal liability, belief that high risk patients should be cared for by specialists, and lack of Medicaid reimbursement for diagnostic services. Almost 90% of the physicians responding to the survey are required to carry a minimum amount of professional liability insurance by the hospital where they practice with the most frequently stated amount being $1,000,000. Current average "global fees" reported by the respondents were $1,202 for a spontaneous vaginal delivery and $1,543 for a cesarean delivery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Epidemiological and clinical aspects of oesophageal carcinoma in the USA.

A study was conducted of all primary oesophageal cancer cases hospitalized from 1970 to 1975 in Oklahoma City hospitals. During this 6 year period, 181 cases were identified. The average annual incidence in Oklahoma county was lowest in white females (2 per 100,000 population), and highest in black males (19 per 100,000 population). Some of the descriptive features of oesophageal carcinoma by age, sex and race distribution were largely compatible to those reported in the literature. Cases with carcinoma in which pain was the first symptom to appear, sought medical advice latest compared to cases with dysphagia as the first symptom, the latter group seeking medical advice earliest. Blacks and whites presented dissimilar distribution of tumours by site. Whereas in blacks 58% of carcinomas were located in the middle thoracic and none in the oesophagogastric junction, in whites tumours were more or less equally distributed in various anatomical sites. Black males exhibited higher mean ages at diagnosis in all sites than black females. The whites showed the opposite trend except in the oesophagogastric junction. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent cell type (80%). The absence of adenocarcinoma cell types in blacks except only two male cases was a noteworthy observation. The clinical stage distribution by anatomical site was unusual for middle thoracic and gastric cardia carcinomas with 54% and 46% of tumours localized and in regional stages at diagnosis respectively.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Job achievements of Indian and non-Indian graduates in public health: how do they compare?

A graduate education program in public health for American Indians was introduced in the fall of 1971 at the College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. The program was initiated with support from the Office of Economic Opportunity. Between August 1, 1971, and December 31, 1983, 52 American Indians received public health degrees from the University of Oklahoma's College of Public Health. Of that number, 50 received masters degrees in public health; 1 a PhD; and 1 a DrPH degree. Degrees were granted in these disciplines: biostatistics, epidemiology, environmental health, health administration, health education, and human ecology. This study assesses the job achievements of 51 of those American Indian graduates. Each Indian was paired with a non-Indian graduate randomly selected from a cluster sample compiled from the school's files of non-Indian graduates. The results of this study showed that Indian graduates had the kinds and amounts of responsibilities, with the exception of budget approval responsibility, that one would acquire or expect to acquire in a key administrative or staff position. The study further indicated that Indian graduates were generally achieving as much success and satisfaction in their jobs as the non-Indian graduates.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health problems and use of services at two urban American Indian clinics.

The use of primary health care services by urban American Indians and their health problems were compared with national and regional data compiled by the Indian Health Service, Bureau of the Census, Office of Technology Assessment, and the National Center for Health Statistics. A survey of medical records was conducted at urban Indian health clinics, one located in Oklahoma City, OK, and the other in Wichita, KS. Health records of 500 patients from each clinic were reviewed. Information was gathered concerning reasons for visit, diagnoses, and number of physician visits. In addition, predisposing variables and enabling variables from each patient's registration form were reviewed. According to the data collected in the survey, the clientele of these urban Indian clinics have annual incomes well below the average income of the general population and the overall American Indian population in these cities. Their lack of health insurance and low education levels were also evident. Use of primary health services was below that of the general population, and lower, but relatively close, to use levels of American Indians residing in rural Oklahoma and Kansas. Information on health problems indicated high levels of diabetes mellitus and hypertension among the middle-age groups, and high levels of use by young women for prenatal care and contraception. The absence of systematically collected and comprehensive health and health care use information about urban American Indians, who now comprise more than half the U.S. American Indian population, and the limitations in the available information leave important questions unanswered. There are indications that large segments of urban Indian populations have difficulty obtaining primary and preventive health care services due to their general socioeconomic condition and the absence of the Indian Health Service in many urban areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Toxicoses related to the petroleum industry.

During 1977, 4,976 oil and gas wells were drilled in Oklahoma to an average depth of 4,892 feet. There were 2,253 successful oil wells and 1092 successful gas wells (26). The Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory investigated several cases where livestock in close proximity to drilling sites became ill or die. The case histories emphasize the need for a careful and complete diagnostic work-up. The identification and quantification of petroleum hydrocarbons, toxic chemicals and heavy metals in intestinal contents and tissues are diagnostically significant. The most difficult cases involve chronically ill and poor-doing animals following exposure to oil field wastes. The potential for litigation exists whenever cattle in close proximity to drilling and production sites become ill or die. Many of these cases could be prevented if livestock were prevented access to such sites by fencing or other means. The circumstantial evidence in many cases suggests the need for additional research on the toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons, drilling muds and other oil dield wastes. Improves diagnostic methods should benefit both the livestock and oil industries.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Epidemiology of sudden infant death syndrome in American Indians.

A 7-year retrospective study of sudden infant death syndrome in Oklahoma Indians failed to support previous observations of a markedly elevated rate among the American Indians compared with the white population. The rate of sudden infant death syndrome in Oklahoma Indians was 2.32/1,000 live births. The rates of sudden infant death syndrome among white infants (1.8/1,000) and black infants (3.11/1,000) were similar to those reported in previous studies. Males had consistently higher rates of sudden infant death syndrome regardless of race.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1984

Surgical implantation of radiotelemetry devices in American river otters.

The Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation elected to investigate the feasibility of reintroducing American river otters (Lutra canadensis) into Oklahoma waterways. Intra-abdominal radiotelemetry devices were selected to monitor otter movements following release. For implantation of those devices, the anesthetic regimen included a mixture of ketamine HCl, xylazine, and acepromazine maleate given intramuscularly followed by delivery of isoflurane through precision vaporizers. A ventral midline approach and adherent surgical barrier drapes facilitated aseptic placement of the devices, with minimal tissue damage and loss of insulating pelage. Absorbable monofilament suture (polydioxanone) was used in a buried 3-layer closure of surgical incisions. The incisions healed rapidly and without complications.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1978

Ectopic pregnancy: a 15-year review of 160 cases.

Our review of the incidence of ectopic pregnancy in metropolitan Oklahoma City hospitals from 1960 through 1975 revealed an overall statistically significant increase. Review of the incidence of gonorrhea during the same period for the State of Oklahoma also showed a statistically significant increase. There was a significant correlation between the incidence of ectopic pregnancy and the incidence of gonorrhea. The 160 cases of ectopic pregnancy from University Hospital reviewed in detail included all ectopic pregnancies admitted from 1960 to 1975. Findings revealed 56% were white women with an average age of 26.8 years and average parity of 2.49. Pain (97.5%), amenorrhea (83%), and abnormal uterine bleeding (68%) were the most common presenting complaints, while abdominal tenderness (85%) and pelvic mass (54%) were the common physical findings. Culdocentesis was positive in 78% of the patients. Thirty-nine percent had a history of pelvic inflammatory disease and 8% a previous ectopic pregnancy. Admission diagnosis was correct in 67%. Unilateral adnexal procedure was the treatment in 81%. Fifty-seven percent of the ectopic pregnancies were right-sided, and hemoperitoneum averaged 950 ml. Postoperative complication rate was 55%. Follow-up pregnancy rate was 50%, and future ectopic pregnancies occurred in 6% of these.

Adolescent↗