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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

The protective activity of serum and fractionated serum from rats against Babesia divergens.

The rat adapted strain of bovine Babesia, B. divergens was used as a model to investigate the mechanisms of immunity to this parasite. The participation of humoral factors in acquired immunity to B. divergens was investigated in splenectomised rats. Antibodies to B. divergens were detected by IFA test in sera collected during infection and at different times after recovery. The protective activity of the same serum was tested in vivo by passive transfer and compared with the antibody levels as measured by IFA test. The role of antibody in protection was confirmed after fractionating IgM and IgG from immune and hyper-immune sera. The protective activity of sera collected immediately after recovery was mainly due to IgM antibodies. The protective activity of sera collected 3-4 days after recovery and of hyper-immune sera was mainly due to IgG antibodies. In hyper-immune serum IgM antibodies were partially protective.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The longest surviving child with Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson Syndrome.

We describe the case of a 12-year old boy with Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson Syndrome (HHS). This syndrome includes intrauterine growth retardation, microcephaly, mental retardation, cerebellar malformation, and pancytopenia. HHS is a severe multisystem disorder associated with premature mortality, due to bone marrow failure. The pathogenesis and genetic basis presently is unknown. Onset of HHS has only been described in boys and reporters speculated that HHS may be a severe form of X-linked dyskeratosis congenita (DKC). In this paper, we reported an autosomal recessive form of HHS in a family. Almost all cases have died before 4 years (except one at 7 years) our patient is alive at his 12th year at all, probably because of autosomal recessive gene transmission.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed2004

Serous microcystic adenoma of the pancreas: case report and review of the literature.

Cystic tumors of the pancreas are rare neoplasms. They are more frequently identified given the improvements in imaging techniques. Serous cystadenomas are the most common among cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. In this case report we present a patient who was incidentally found to have a cystic mass in the pancreas during an abdominal imaging done for unrelated reasons and was diagnosed as serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. She was asymptomatic on admission and was operated six years later because of the progressive growth of the tumor during that period. Distal pancreatectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination of the surgery specimen confirmed the diagnosis of serous microcystic adenoma. Despite their rarity, serous cystadenomas should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of the cystic lesions of the pancreas. Furthermore, the differentiation of serous cystadenoma from other cystic tumors as well as from non-neoplastic cysts is very important because of the great difference in their management.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Extensive adult colo-colonic intussusception from ascending colon to sigmoid colon: report of a case.

Intussusception in adults is relatively rare. Here we report a 52-year-old man with an extensive colo-colonic intussusception caused by a polypoid mass in the ascending colon. The mass, which was 10 x 8 x 5 cm in size, had been palpated preoperatively and was suspected to be a sigmoid tumor. The patient was treated successfully by reduction of the invagination and subsequent right hemicolectomy.

Colectomy↗
PubMed2004

[A case of superior mesenteric artery syndrome following head trauma].

A twenty-four-year-old male patient developed a high level gastrointestinal obstruction during hospitalization in intensive care unit following a head trauma. He suffered from vomiting and weight loss and was unable to tolerate nasoenteral feeding. Barium radiographs revealed obstruction in the third portion of the duodenum. Upon failure of conservative treatment, laparotomy was performed, which showed compression and obstruction of the third portion of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery. A side-to-side duodenojejunostomy performed yielded complete relief of compression symptoms. The patient was symptomless in the sixth postoperative year. Although primary treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome is conservative, surgical treatment should be considered in unresponsive patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Anal complaints in Nigerians attending Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), Sagamu.

The objective of this study was to determine prospectively the prevalence of anal complaints amongst Nigerians attending the General Out-patient Department (GOPD) of the hospital and review the records of those admitted to the surgical service with related complications. All the 272 patients attending the GOPD of OOUTH in November, 1999 were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Information concerning age, sex, educational status, present or past history of at least one of the following symptoms viz recurrent bleeding per rectum, anal prolapse, anal/perianal pain, pruritus ani and anal discharge were obtained. Also obtained were reason(s) for current hospital attendance and any previous medical consultation. Those with at least one of the symptoms were classified as symptomatic. The symptomatic group had rectal examination including proctoscopy. The results showed that 82/272 (30.15% ) were symptomatic. Rectal examination on these 82 patients showed that 10(3.7% of 272) had haemorrhoids, 2(0.7% ) had rectal prolapse, 0.7% had peri-anal warts; 15(5.5% ) anal tags, 10(3.7% ) chronic anal fissure, 2 (0.7% ) perianal fistulae. In 29(10.4% ), the examination was normal and in 12 the rectum was too loaded with feaces to permit proctoscopy. However, only 5/272 (1.84% ) attended the clinic for the anal complaint, while 12(4.4% ) had previously consulted a physician for same. Fear of impotence following surgery in 24 males and belief in herbal remedies in 32 patients were the main reasons for not consulting a physician. During the year 1999, out of a total of 558 admissions into our surgical service, only 4(0.6% ) were for complications related to anal complaints. This study indicated the prevalence of anal complaints in the study population of Nigerians as 30.15% , haemorrhoids constitute 3.7% and anal fissure 3.7% , contrary to low rates reported for developing countries. While this result cannot be extended to represent prevalence amongst Nigerians, it may be a pointer to what is to be expected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Correlation of clinical, MRI and Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT findings in neuro-Behçet's disease.

UNLABELLED: Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic disorder of unknown cause. In our study, we investigated the utility of Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT and MRI in patients with neuro-Beh,cet's disease (n-BD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients (two females, ten males; mean age 33 +/- 9.6 yr; age range 18-45 yr) with n-BD, fulfilling the criteria of the International Study Group for BD, were included in the study. MRI was performed according to a standard protocol with 1 or 1.5 T imagers. Brain SPECT data were obtained using a single head gamma camera after 555 MBq Tc-99m HMPAO injections. Following image reconstruction, regional cerebral perfusion was evaluated both visually and semi quantitatively. RESULTS: Neurological examination showed parenchymal brain involvement in 6 of 12 patients (50%). All 6 patients had white matter lesions on MRI, while only 5 of them showed perfusion defects on brain SPECT. Out of 6 patients (50%) without clinical signs of parenchymal brain involvement, 1 patient showed a pathological brain SPECT and 3 patients showed pathological MRI findings. Semiquantitative analysis of brain regions on SPECT study showed statistically significant hypoperfusion of biparietal regions. CONCLUSION: This study investigates the correlation between clinical, MRI and SPECT findings and it shows discrepancy between these findings in some cases. Brain SPECT may act as a complementary modality to increase the detection rate of affected regions in patients with n-BD.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

P53 overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a characteristic tumor displaying epidemiological, genetic and regional distribution properties and is unique by its natural behavior and therapy. Investigation of the molecular and biological changes, gene amplifications and activations that occur during carcinogenesis and progression can provide new insight into the pathology of the disease and may add biological factors that can be used as new prognostic markers. The p53 tumor suppressor gene is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer. Although point mutations in the p53 gene are observed in nasopharyngeal cancer, the mutation rate is lower than in other tumors. Immunohistochemical studies have shown significant p53 overexpression in NPC material. In this study, p53 protein immunoreactivity was investigated in paraffin sections of primary nasopharyngeal tumors and metastatic cervical lymph nodes and association with clinical and histopathological characteristics was evaluated. Ninety-seven paraffin sections from 81 patients with NPC treated from 1990 to 1996 were examined by immunohistochemistry and were correlated with clinical features and treatment outcome. Among a total of 97 samples, positive staining for p53 protein was observed in 83 (85.5%) samples while no staining was found in 14 (14.5%) cases. Immunoreactivity was observed in 62 (81.5%) of the primary nasopharyngeal biopsy specimens. The correlation between p53 expression and histological type, stage, age and sex distributions was tested. After statistical analysis according to Chi-square test and Yates' correction, no significant difference was demonstrated (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation with p53 immunoreactivity and overall and disease-free survival. Although the association between NPC and p53 is not clear, our study confirms that p53 overexpression is present in a considerable subset of patients with NPC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Immunity of Babesia divergens in the rat. Histology of the infected liver and its possible role in removing PRBC's.

The ability of immune rats to resist challenge with Babesia divergens depends upon mechanisms which are largely spleen independent. The possible removal of B. divergens PREC's by the livers of immune splenectomised rats was investigated. The clearance of Cr51 labeled B. divergens infected erythrocytes was followed in splenectomised rats to test whether Cr51 labeled PREC's are cleared from the circulation of immune rats through uptake and phagocytosis by the liver. No significant difference was observed between the clearance radioactivity from the circulation as well as the liver uptake in the immune rats from the controls. The uptake of infected erythrocytes by the liver is unlikely to happen in immune rats. Other unknown mechanisms appear to take part in clearing the parasitaemia in these rats. This might depend upon antibody inhibition of merozoite invasion. The injection of irradiated parasites into the same rats showed that they were able to clear PRBC's from the blood stream and that immunity was not specifically directed at merozoites. It is speculated that parasites inside red cells are removed by lysis or phagocytosis. Histological studies on livers collected from immune rats showed that lymphocytes are accumulated in the Liver and these consisted of B & T cells leukocytes accumulating in the liver might therefore be very important in the development of acquired immunity to B. divergens in splenectomised rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Pancytopenia, a rare hematologic manifestation of brucellosis in children.

The records of 54 children with brucellosis were evaluated retrospectively. Among them, eight patients (14.8%) with pancytopenia were identified in a 7-year period between 1996 and 2003. Six of the eight patients with pancytopenia had Brucella melitensis isolated from blood cultures, and all eight patients had Brucella agglutination titers of at least 1:320. Agglutination test titers did not correlate with the degree of pancytopenia. Fever was the most common manifestation, followed by malaise, anorexia, sweating, weight loss, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Most patients had hepatosplenomegaly, and bone marrow aspiration specimens showed hyper-cellularity or normocellularity. Hemophagocytosis (3 patients) and histiocytic hyperplasia (4 patients) were observed in bone marrow examinations of eight patients, but bone marrow aplasia and granulomas were not detected. All children recovered completely; the pancytopenia was transient and resolved after the antibiotic treatment of Brucella infection. Brucellosis should be considered as a possible diagnosis among patients with pancytopenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Isolations of salicylic acid-induction-expressed genes in chilling-stressed banana seedling leaves using mRNA differential display.

The mRNA differential display method was applied to identify banana genes that were regulated by salicylic acid (SA) during chilling stress. Eighteen cDNA fragments induced by SA during chilling stress were retracted. Seven of them were affirmed by reverse Northern hybridization to be significantly induced. Two most differential fragments (G and A) of them were cloned and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that clone G fragment had 92% homology to partial cDNA sequences of two cold-related genes in soybean (Glycine max) and clone A did not show any identity to previously reported sequences in GenBank database.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Major limb amputations: an audit of indications in a suburban surgical practice.

BACKGROUND: Advancements in vascular and microsurgery in developed countries have led to fewer major limb amputations. AIM: This audit of major limb amputations performed at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria, between June 1998 and May 2003, was conducted to find out the indications for amputation and highlight those cases that could be salvageable. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study. Case notes of all patients who had major limb amputations were examined for patients' age, sex, time of presentation, limb affected, indications for amputation, the severity of crush injury to limb, stage of musculoskeletal tumors and Wagner's grade of diabetic foot. RESULTS: A total of 71 limbs were amputated in 69 patients; 56 limbs (78.1%) were unsalvageable, while 15 limbs (21.1%) were salvageable. Trauma accounted for 76% followed by 22% performed due to gangrene secondary to diabetes mellitus. Out of the 56 unsalvageable limbs, 31 patients presented with severely crushed limbs. Out of the 15 salvageable limbs, there were 11 cases of clean-cut traumatic amputations, two of soft-tissue sarcoma and one each of ruptured popliteal aneurysm and stenosed popliteal artery. CONCLUSION: Trauma and diabetes mellitus were leading indications for amputation. Expertise in limb salvage procedures and availability of appropriate equipment may reduce the numbers of amputations performed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Efficacy of Paecilomyces lilacinus (strain 251) for the control of Radopholus similis in banana.

Paecilomyces lilacinus is a common soil fungus that has been isolated from many different habitats around the world. It is well known as a facultative egg pathogen of sedentary nematodes and also an important option to control Radopholus similis juvenile and adults in banana. This nematode antagonistic fungus may be used in an integrated approach to control banana plant parasitic nematodes. Dose response and form of application experiments were conducted with burrowing nematode, R. similis, on banana using a commercial water dispersible granulate formulated P. lilacinus (strain 251) product. The results revealed that nematode activity decreased in the presence of this fungus. An important correlation between rates of application and the degree of control of R. simnilis penetration and banana root weight was observed. The best control was achieved in the treatment were plantlets and soil were pre-inoculated with P. lilacinus and reinoculated during transplantation. The results showed that the biocontrol agent P. lilacinus is an excellent candidate for an IPM program against nematodes such as Radopholus similis.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Effects of endophytic Fusarium oxysporum towards Radopholus similis activity in absence of banana.

Four endophytic fungi (Fusarium spp.) isolated from the cortical tissue of surface-sterilised banana as well as from tomato roots were tested for their capacity of biological control towards the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis on banana. The pathogenic and parasitic capacities of endophytic fungi towards R. similis were tested in in vitro experiments. No parasitism of fungi on R. similis was observed. However, nematode activity decreased significantly in the presence of all endophytic fungi in vitro when compared to nematodes in the absence of fungi. The effects of fungi on R. similis activities in the soil were tested in the absence of plants. Nematode activities were reduced significantly by 16-30% by endophytic fungi when compared to untreated soil.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

What does the geometry of an arc reveal about methods of assessing spinal radiographs in scoliosis?

BACKGROUND: The shapes of an arc and scoliosis are the same. Therefore, the geometry of an arc can reveal the relationship between the angles within and around a scoliotic spine. OBJECTIVE: To look for angles which are functions of the geometry of an arc and can also be used for assessment of curve progression in scoliosis. DESIGN: Review of the geometry of an arc and that of scoliosis. METHOD: English literature on scoliosis (from 1930 to date), searched manually, via Internet and from colleagues, was reviewed. RESULTS: Methods of curve measurement in use presently are functions of the geometry of scoliosis. Three additional methods are proposed for assessment of curve progression in scoliosis. These methods are geometrically related with the previously known ones. CONCLUSION: All methods of assessment of curve progression in scoliosis are fundamentally the same and interchangeable. There is no reason for preference of one method over another method of curve measurement.

Humans↗