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PubMed1995

[The long-term monotherapy with preparations from the 4 basic groups of antihypertensive agents of patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension. The Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study. The working group of the Multicenter Captopril and the Quality of Life Study].

A multicenter randomized controlled trial was performed to compare antihypertensive effects and tolerance of captopril monotherapy with those of reference drugs from three other main groups of antihypertensive drugs: propranolol, hydrochlorothiazide, nifedipine. The trial included 345 males with essential hypertension stage I-II by WHO criteria. Evaluable patients after 8 months of treatment comprised 85.8%. 8-month monotherapy with captopril, nifedipine, hydrochlorothiazide and propranolol was completed by 53.49%, 75.28%, 45.78% of patients, respectively. An antihypertensive effect was reached in 57.97% of patients on monotherapy. Normalization of arterial pressure took place in 51.3%. The 4 drugs in the given doses produced a significant and similar effect in relation to the action on arterial pressure (absolute value). As for individual effects (complete and partial), captopril and propranolol were equal, nifedipine was more beneficial than hydrochlorothiazide. Side effects in captopril monotherapy arose 1.5-2 times less frequently than in response to propranolol or nifedipine and were similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Conditions of life, life-styles, and health in a highly developed country.

Psychosocial stressors originate in social structures and processes, affect the human organism through psychological processes, and influence health through four types of closely interrelated mechanisms--emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological. The health outcome is modified by situational (e.g., social support) and individual factors (e.g., personality, coping repetoire). The social environment-stress-health system is a dynamic one with many feedback loops. There is increasing evidence of a causal relationship between psychosocial stressors and morbidity and mortality in a population. Although most of the data presented in this paper are based on Swedish conditions and Swedish studies, some evidence is reviewed indicating their increasing applicability to, and relevance for, Japan. Research and health action should aim at being system-oriented, interdisciplinary, intersectorial, health (and not only disease) oriented, and participative.

Health↗