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PubMed2001

The electrogenic Na+/HCO3- cotransporter, NBC.

Electrogenic Na(+)/HCO(3)(-) (NBC) function has been characterized in many mammalian tissues including, kidney, pancreas, and brain. Cloning efforts identified a single cDNA, NBC/NBC1, that possesses all the functional attributes of the electrogenic Na(+)/HCO(3)(-) cotransporter. This NBC clone is related to the anion exchangers and thus forms a bicarbonate transporter superfamily. Presently two N-terminal and one C-terminal isoforms are known. All three isoforms appear to arise from the same gene and seem to have identical function. NBC antibodies have localized NBC isoforms in kidney, pancreas, brain, small intestine, colon, epididymis, eye, heart, liver, salivary glands, stomach, and testis. Functionally, NBC appears HCO(3)(-) and Na(+) selective. NBC stoichiometry in Xenopus oocytes is 1 Na(+) : 2 HCO(3)(-), implicating a possible accessory protein interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Changes of ultrastructure characteritics of Cajal interstitial cell in intestinal tract of diabetic rats].

OBJECTIVE: This study is to clarify the changes of the ultrastructure characteristic of Cajal interstitial cell of diabetic rats intestinal tract. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (diabetic), group B (control). 45 mg/kg Alloxan was injected into the group A, group B was injected with saline instead, after 12 weeks, the tissues of small intestine, colon were observed through electric telescope. RESULTS: The major change of Cajal interstitial cell of diabetic rat were showed as below: the number of the gap junctions between Cajal interstitial cell and neuron cells, between Cajal interstitial cell and myocyte, and between themselves were decreased significantly, and the structure of those gap junctions rested were also damaged; mitochondrion was swelling, vacuoles, dissolving; cytoplasm was dissolving, vacuoles were formed; the organelle were decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The ultrastructure of Cajal interstitial cell of diabetic had striking changes, these changes are closely related with the changes of their function, so it is very possible that these changes are one of the mechanisms of diabetic gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1998

A Novel cDNA Encoding Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme of Homo sapiens.

p53 interacts with a number of cellular proteins to form complexes which are probably crucial for its normal physiological function involving cell cycle control, gene regulation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and tumor suppression. To identify these proteins, we used the yeast two-hybrid system and screened a HeLa cDNA library. Six positive colonies were isolated from 1.5x10(6) transformants. The cDNA sequence of each positive colony was determined. Two novel cDNA fragments (p53BP1 and p53BP2) were cloned. These two cDNA fragments code for the same protein composed of 158 amino acids, which shows high similarity to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBC9) of H. sapiens as well as to E2s from other organisms, such as UBC (76 %) of C. elegans, HUS5(66 %) of S. pombe, UBC(66 %) of A. thaliana and UBC9(56 %) of S. cerevisiae. A cDNA fragment from p53BP1 was used to probe a Northern blot containing poly(A)(+) RNA from various human tissues and various cell lines. At high stringency this probe hybridized to a single mRNA of approximately 1.2 kb that was expressed in heart, brain, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon, peripheral blood leukocyte, human cervical carcinoma cell (HeLa), human mammary carcinoma cell (MCF-7), human lymphoma cell (Jurkatt) and human teratocarcinoma cell (PA-I). It is not expressed in brain, lung, human lung carcinoma cell, human heptocellular carcinoma cell (HepG2) and human glioma cell(U251MG).

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Assessment of gastrointestinal involvement.

The purpose of this paper is to identify a list of clinical, laboratory and instrumental tools suitable to assess the presence of gastrointestinal involvement in SSc patients to be included in clinical investigational studies. The pertinent literature was reviewed to select those variables which have been demonstrated to be valid, reliable and feasible. A minimal core set of variables has been identified to be used in clinical investigation for the assessment of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and anorectum involvement in scleroderma patients.

Gastrointestinal Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Protection of neonatal calves against fatal enteric colibacillosis by administration of egg yolk powder from hens immunized with K99-piliated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

The protective effects of egg yolk powder prepared from hens vaccinated with heat-extracted antigens from K99-piliated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain 431 were evaluated in a colostrum-fed calf model of ETEC-induced diarrhea caused by a heterologous strain (B44). The antibody powder was obtained by spray-drying the water-soluble protein fraction of egg yolks after removing the lipid and fatty components by precipitation with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate. A total of 16 colostrum-fed calves were studied to determine whether the orally administered antibody powder would prevent fatal bovine colibacillosis caused by a virulent ETEC strain. Clinical response of individual calves was monitored and evaluated in the context of these variables: fecal consistency score, intestinal colonization, weight loss, and mortality. Control calves that were treated with vehicle (milk with egg yolk powder from nonimmunized hens) had severe diarrhea and dehydration and died within 72 hours after infection was manifested. In contrast, calves fed milk containing egg yolk powder with antipili agglutinin titers of 1:800 and 1:1,600 had transient diarrhea, 100% survival, and good body weight gain during the course of the study. Results indicate that the orally administered egg yolk powder protected against ETEC-induced diarrhea in neonatal calves and that the protective components may have been the antibodies raised by vaccination of chickens against ETEC.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[The frequency of cancer in France in year 2000, and trends since 1950].

In 2000, there were 87,000 cancer deaths among men and 57,000 cancer deaths among women in France. Cancer mortality is decreasing since 1987 in the male population and since the mid 1960s in the female population. The decrease is larger among men than among women. The estimated number of cancers diagnosed in 2000 is 160,000 in the male population and 120,000 in the female population. The most frequent cancer sites in the male population are prostate, lung, colon, intestine and mouth, pharynx plus larynx. In the female population, breast cancer is by far the most frequent cancer, followed by colorectal cancer. Between 1980 and 2000, cancer incidence increased by 30%, whereas cancer mortality decreased by 10%, these results are observed for each sex.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2005

Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel human gene containing 4 ankyrin repeat domains.

Ankyrin repeat, one of the most important protein motifs, plays a wide variety of roles in protein-protein interactions and in the signal pathways. Via large-scale sequencing, a novel 941-bp gene was isolated from an 18-week old human fetal brain cDNA library. It encodes a putative protein of 158 amino acid residues with four conserved ankyrin repeat domains. It displays a high degree of homology with rat low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2-binding protein (Lrp2bp), and was therefore was named hLrp2bp (human Lrp2bp). The hLrp2bp gene was located in chromosome 4q35 and the conserved ankyrin repeat domains were located between amino acid residues 10 and 116. RT-PCR revealed that hLrp2bp was mainly expressed in the human testis, small intestine, colon and blood leukocytes, and in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. A HEK293 cell was transfected with the ORF of hLrp2bp, and analyses showed that the protein was distributed both in the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed1992

Histamine levels in tissues of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice.

Histamine levels of several organs from mice chronically infected with a myotropic strain of Trypanosoma cruzi were determined by bioassay. An increase in histamine content was observed in stomach, small intestine, colon, heart and skeletal muscle, when compared with noninfected weight and age-matched mice. These results suggest that mast cells, the main storage site of peripheral histamine, can play a role in the inflammatory and/or immunologic components of experimental trypanosomiasis.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Robotics and gastrointestinal surgery].

Robotics are now being used in all surgical fields. Because of increased intra-abdominal articulations while operating through small incisions, robotics are increasingly being used in a large number of visceral and solid organ operations including surgery on the gallbladder, esophagus, stomach, intestines, colon, and rectum as well as for the endocrine organs. As a specialty, robotics should continue to grow. As the robotic era invades the field of general surgeon, more and more complex procedures would be able to be approached through small incision. As technology catches up with our imagination, robotic instruments and 3D monitoring will become routine, and continue to improve patient care by providing surgeons with most precise, least traumatic ways of treating surgical disease.

Digestive System Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2006

[The frequency of cancer in France in year 2002, and trends since 1968].

The estimated number of cancers diagnosed in 2002 is 150,000 in the male population and 120,000 in the female population and there were close to 88,000 cancer deaths among men and 59,000 cancer deaths among women in France. The most frequent cancer sites in the male population are prostate, lung, colon, intestine and head & neck (mouth, pharynx, larynx). In the female population, breast cancer is by far the most frequent cancer, followed by colorectal cancer. Between 1968 and 2002, cancer mortality decreased by 5% for men and by 19% for women. Cancer mortality reached a maximum in 1987 in the male population and in the last 15 years the decrease is larger among men than among women.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[The protective activity of a new variant of the probiotic Acilact in exposure to ionizing radiation and anticancer chemotherapy under experimental conditions].

The aim of the study was to investigate the protective activity of a new variant of the probiotic Acilact in exposure to ionizing radiation and anticancer chemotherapy under experimental conditions. The study revealed protective effects of the preparation after combined exposure of mice to radiation and temperature. The preparation increased 30-day survival of the mice, inhibited intestinal colonization with gram-negative microorganisms, and increased resistance to LPS. A multidirectional protective effect of the probiotic was observed after the use of sublethal doses of radiation; this effect was manifested by quicker normalization of hematological parameters and bone marrow cellularity, as well as elevation of blood concentration of the hemoragulatory cytokines IL-3 and IL-6.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Identification of a novel human MAST4 gene, a new member of the microtubule associated serine-threonine kinase family].

Human protein kinases make up a large superfamily of homologous proteins, which are related by virtue of their kinase domains (also known as catalytic domains). Here we report the cloning and characterization of a novel human MAST4 (microtubule associated serine/threonine kinase family member 4) gene, which locates on human chromosome 5q13. The MAST4 cDNA is 7587 base pairs in length and encodes a putative protein of 2435 amino acids which contains a serine/threonine kinase domain and a PDZ domain. MAST4 protein has 64%, 63%, 59% and 39% identical aminoacid residues with MAST1, MAST2, MAST3 and MASTL respectively. RT-PCR analysis revealed relatively high expression level of MAST4 in most normal human tissues, with an exception of in testis, small intestine, colon and peripheral blood leukocyte.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Use of a single-row suture in surgery of the gastrointestinal tract].

The authors show the results of experimental and clinical study of a single-row Pirogov-Mateshuk serous-muscular-subserous suture with the knots inside the lumen. It was demonstrated in experiments on 191 dogs that regeneration in the zone of anastomoses formed by a single-row suture is more perfect and occurs earlier than with the application of a double-row suture. Among 2,623 anastomoses formed on the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, and rectum by means of a single-row suture, 1.5% were incompetent. The authors consider the single-row Pirogov-Mateshuk suture to be the method of choice.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

Incidence of cytotoxin producing isolates of Clostridium difficile in faeces of neonates and children in Nigeria.

One hundred and fifty six (156) confirmed isolates of Clostridium difficile from faeces of neonates and children in parts of Anambra State, Nigeria were screened and assayed for cytotoxin production by the tissue culture technique and the frequency of occurrence estimated. Twenty three out of 156 isolates were found to be cytotoxin positive isolates representing a frequency of 14.8%. There was no difference between the frequency of occurrence of cytotoxin positive isolates in neonates and children from rural and urban areas. Infants in the age group of one dy to 1 yr showed 16.7% frequency of occurrence of cytotoxin positive isolates, with toxin titers between 5 to 1280, 10% for children of 1-2 yrs age group, with titers between 5 to 40 and 8.3% for children of 2 to 3 yrs age group with titers of 5 and 10. No cytotoxin positive isolate was detected from children of the 3 to 5 yrs age group. Children fed by formula foods alone showed a 50% frequency of occurrence of cytotoxin positive isolates, children fed by breast milk plus formula supplementation, 19.23% and breast milk alone 17.5%. There was no significant difference in the frequency of occurrence of cytotoxin positive isolates in faeces from diarrhoeal and non diarrhoeal cases. It appears therefore, that age and mode of feeding are important factors that influence intestinal colonization of cytotoxin producing isolates of C. difficile in neonates and children.

Age Factors↗