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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Psychiatric impairment and childhood victimization experiences in female child molesters.

OBJECTIVE: To assess psychiatric impairment and childhood victimization experiences in female child molesters. METHOD: Eleven incarcerated female child molesters were compared to 11 women imprisoned for nonsexual offenses as to their psychiatric diagnoses based on interviews with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, Outpatient Version (SCID-OP), the SCID II for Personality Disorders, and the Harvard-Upjohn Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Interview. A family and sexual history with a description of childhood victimization experiences was also obtained by using the Wyatt Sexual History Questionnaire. RESULTS: The majority of the subjects in each group exhibited major depression, alcohol/substance abuse, and PTSD, but the sexual offenders demonstrated more psychiatric impairment on the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale on the SCID-OP. The sexual offenders demonstrated a higher incidence of childhood physical and sexual abuse within the family than the comparison group, and these victimization experiences were more severe and more frequently associated with PTSD. The sexual offenders and the comparison women described negative relationships with parents and caretakers, and with spouses or boyfriends. However, the sexual offenders perceived their parents as more abusive, while the comparison women regarded their parents as more neglecting. CONCLUSIONS: Incarcerated female child molesters exhibited greater psychiatric impairment and more intrafamilial physical and sexual abuse than a comparison group of women imprisoned for nonsexual offenses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Autoerotic asphyxia: the development of a paraphilia.

The authors studied five adolescent male practitioners of autoerotic asphyxia to determine contributors to its etiology. Extensive histories including detailed sexual histories were obtained from each boy. Their life histories suggested an early history of choking, in combination with physical or sexual abuse, was related to the development of autoerotic asphyxia. Each boy appeared to have paired choking with sexual arousal, and autoerotic asphyxia was a persisting behavior pattern for four of five boys. This sample is the largest study of living practitioners of this behavior and suggests the heretofore unmentioned history of either choking or abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Age of onset of sexual abuse: relationship to sexually inappropriate behaviors.

OBJECTIVE: To examine how the age of onset of sexual abuse predicted inappropriate sexual behaviors in a sample of seriously mentally ill youths. METHOD: A retrospective chart review was completed for all youths treated from 1987 through 1992 at a tertiary care public sector psychiatric hospital (n = 499). Subjects were grouped according to the age at which they were first sexually abused: no sexual abuse (n = 225), 0 through 3 years (n = 78), 4 through 6 years (n = 105), 7 through 12 years (n = 71), and 13 through 17 years (n = 19). RESULTS: The rates of sexually inappropriate behaviors in subjects with sexual abuse histories were quite substantial, ranging from 79.5% of the 0- through 3-year group to 42.1% of the 13- through 17-year group. Subjects first abused during early childhood, especially during the ages 0 through 3 years, had significantly elevated rates of hypersexual, exposing, and victimizing sexual behaviors. They also were significantly younger at the time of admission, came from more disrupted family settings, and had significantly higher rates of physical abuse, neglect, chronic sexual abuse, sexual abuse by either parent/stepparent and a higher total number of victimizers. When logistic regression analyses were done to examine the predictive power of potential risk factors, early age of onset of sexual abuse was the most significant predictor of all three types of inappropriate sexual behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Onset of sexual abuse prior to 7 years of age was significantly associated with hypersexual, exposing, and victimizing sexual behaviors. Early sexual abuse is also associated with a number of other poor prognostic factors, and further research is needed to define how these variables interact.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Relationship between sexual abuse, gender, and sexually inappropriate behaviors in seriously mentally ill youths.

OBJECTIVE: To examine gender differences in sexual abuse histories and in the development of inappropriate sexual behaviors in a sample of seriously mentally Ill youths. METHOD: A retrospective chart review was completed for all patients from 1987 through 1992 at a tertiary care public sector psychiatric hospital for youths (N = 499). Subjects were categorized by gender, sexual abuse status, and whether they had sexually reactive or victimizing behaviors. RESULTS: Girls were more likely to have been sexually abused, and their abuse histories were more severe. Sexual behavior problems in girls were almost exclusively associated with sexual abuse, whereas 29% of boys with victimizing behaviors had no sexual abuse history. Among sexually abused youths, boys were more likely to display victimizing behaviors, whereas both genders displayed similar rates of sexually reactive behaviors. Of the 19 girls who displayed victimizing behaviors, 95% were chronically sexually abused and one third had also received a major injury due to physical abuse. CONCLUSIONS: Boys appear to have a lower threshold of abuse exposure required to develop sexually inappropriate behaviors and are significantly more likely to display victimizing behaviors. Conversely, victimizing behaviors in girls may require a catastrophic maltreatment history. These gender differences should be incorporated into treatment interventions directed at sexual abuse victims.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Treatment progress in 20 patients with multiple personality disorder.

Attempts to follow the treatment progress of patients with multiple personality have been limited to a few single case studies and, in the only large series, to those most successfully treated. This study followed the treatment progress of 20 patients for a mean of 39 months after intake. The study included a detailed history, neurological examination, and psychological testing on each patient. At follow-up each patient was interviewed and a questionnaire was completed by his or her therapist to assess treatment response. Although nine patients achieved partial or full integration, complete integration was maintained by only five. During therapy the unintegrated patients experienced emotional trauma at approximately twice the rate as did the patients who eventually became integrated. Psychodynamic psychotherapy and hypnosis were the most widely prescribed therapies. The improvement in multiple personality appeared to proceed in a stepwise fashion from acceptance of the diagnosis to integration. The progress of therapy was hindered most commonly by the overuse of the mental mechanisms of repression and denial, the continued utilization of secrecy, which began during child abuse, and the production of numerous crises. The most common countertransferences included anger, exasperation, and emotional exhaustion. Although the psychotherapy of patients with multiple personality is tedious and time consuming, it can be eminently successful if the patient and therapist persevere.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse: objective and subjective characteristics of the abuse and psychopathology in later life.

This study investigates the association between objective and subjective characteristics of childhood sexual abuse and psychopathology in later life. The sample consists of 404 Dutch female adults who had been sexually abused in their childhood or adolescence. The participants were recruited by means of articles about childhood sexual abuse in major Dutch newspapers. The characteristics and severity of the sexual abuse were assessed with the Questionnaire Unwanted Sexual Experiences in the Past (QUSEP). General psychopathology was measured with the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90), the degree of dissociation was measured with the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q). Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed a moderate association between psychopathology and objective characteristics of the abuse, such as number of different types of abusive events and the duration of the abuse. However, more strongly associated with later psychopathology were variables reflecting coping style, such as the degree of self-blame, and circumstantial factors, such as the emotional atmosphere in the family of origin and the reactions after disclosure. Whether or not the abuse was incestuous did not explain additional variance in later psychopathology.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Dissociation in temporal lobe epilepsy and pseudo-epileptic seizure patients.

Patients with epileptic seizures (ES) and especially those with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) share many symptoms with patients with pseudo-epileptic seizures (PES), and the differentiation between them is often difficult There is growing evidence that a subgroup of PES patients suffer from a dissociative disorder. It is recognized that dissociative symptoms pertain to both psychological and somatoform components of experience. Questionnaires assessing dissociation might provide positive criteria for the diagnosis of PES. In this study, the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q) and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20) were administered to patients with ES (TLE, non-TLE) and PES. To control for the influence of general psychoneurotic complaints, the SCL-90 was administered. Apart from this, answers on a trauma questionnaire were related to the diagnosis. Results showed that PES patients scored significantly higher on the SDQ-20, also after correction with the SCL-90, and no difference was found on the DIS-Q. Also, PES patients significantly more often reported sexual traumatic experiences. A logistic regression revealed that results on the SDQ-20 have no independent value in addition to the contribution of gender, age, age at seizure onset, and the presence of sexual abuse in the prediction of the diagnosis. In conclusion, somatoform and not psychological dissociative symptoms are characteristic for PES patients in comparison to ES patients. Other measures are needed within the framework of the differential diagnosis between PES and ES.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Are rectogenital chlamydial infections a marker of sexual abuse in children?

In order to examine the occurrence of chlamydial infection in sexually abused children, we cultured 51 abused children and 43 controls, 2 to 14.5 years of age. Only seven of the children were male. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the vagina or rectum of two abused girls, 10 and 12 years of age, at their follow-up examination several weeks after the suspected abuse. C. trachomatis was also isolated from the vaginal culture of two controls and from the throat and rectum of another girl enrolled as a control. The two control children with vaginal infection were sisters, 7 and 10 years of age, who had been abused by their step-father 3 years previously. An antichlamydial immunoglobulin greater than or equal to 1:32 or a fourfold rise in the titer of immunoglobulin G was found in 13 of 49 (27%) abused children and 2 of 40 (5%) controls. This difference was statistically significant. The isolation of C. trachomatis from a rectogenital site was not limited to children with recent sexual abuse in this population. Serology may also be of limited use since serologic evidence of recent chlamydial infection was present in 5% of controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Comparing dissociation and PTSD in sexually abused school-aged girls.

The aim of this study was to assess and contrast dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a group of sexually abused school-aged girls compared with a matched group. Results from bivariate analyses show that the two symptom constellations represent distinct constructs. Logistic regression analysis indicates that sexual victimization significantly increases the odds of presenting with a clinical level of dissociation and PTSD symptoms, respectively, by eightfold and fourfold. On the basis of a multivariate design, abuse severity indicators, namely, penetration, relationship to perpetrator (intrafamilial versus extrafamilial abuse), and chronicity, did not prove predictive of dissociation symptoms. The least and the most severe forms of childhood sexual abuse both increase dissociative symptoms. The data indicate also that intrafamilial abuse and chronicity do not predict PTSD. However, abuse involving intrusive acts (penetration) does predict PTSD symptoms. Implications for intervention and further research are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

The needs of the sexually abused child.

The incidence of sexual abuse in childhood, and its short and long term effects dictate that paediatricians increase their awareness of the needs of the sexually abused child. Case examples are given from experience at one children's hospital illustrating a range of situations which vary with the relationship of the abuser to the child. Factors thought to influence outcome are described. The needs demonstrated are correlated with management recommendations, including those made in a recent Australian report.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Scylla and Charybdis. Sexual abuse or 'false memory syndrome'? Therapy-induced 'memories' of sexual abuse.

The increasing importance and frequency of so-called 'false memories' of sexual abuse, which in reality never occurred, occasions a theoretical reflection about therapy-induced 'memories' of sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is first seen to involve a serious loss of psychic structure. As such it has much in common with other, endogenous forms of severe psychic disorders. Drawing upon the (Kleinian) categories of projective identification, projective counter-identification and psychotic personality aspects, together with the Jungian conception of the 'mutual unconsciousness' between therapist and patient, the author presents a psychodynamic hypothesis regarding the origins of 'false memories' or 'recovered memories' of sexual abuse. This is exemplified with two therapy cases involving such memories of abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Gender and victimization by intimates.

Recent data demonstrate that, although gender has an impact upon the experience of being a victim of an intimate's violence, there is no particular personality pattern that leads one to become a victim. Rather, women--who are socialized to adapt and submit, and who are likely to become victims of men's sexual violence or physical abuse--may not develop adequate self-protection skills as children, especially if they come from childhood homes in which females are victimized, leading to a later vulnerability to physical and sexual abuse. Men, however, socialized to express anger and aggression in an outward manner, learn to model the abuse witnessed or experienced in childhood and often learn that women are the "appropriate" recipients of this violence. Social learning theories of modeling and aggression are used to explain how such personality patterns develop, and the theory of learned helplessness is used to explain battered women's coping responses to their partners' abusive behavior. The extreme situation, in which a battered woman kills her partner in self-defense, is analyzed in order to understand women victims' sense of desperation and entrapment in severely abusive relationships and the extent to which their behaviors are in reaction to the abuse perpetrated by the mate.

Adult↗