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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cryotherapy enhances intravitreal dispersion of viable retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the most common cause of failure in retinal reattachment surgery. Giant retinal tears are associated with a particularly high incidence of PVR. It involves the formation of cellular membranes that contract and cause traction retinal detachments. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are a major component of these cellular membranes. Displacement of viable RPE cells from their normal position into the vitreous cavity is necessary for membrane formation to occur. This study demonstrates that cryotherapy, but not diathermy, enhances intravitreal dispersion of viable RPE cells in bovine eyes in vitro. This suggests that in some circumstances, excessive cryotherapy may play an exacerbating role in the initiation of PVR.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Pregnancy outcome following exposure to shortwaves among female physiotherapists in Israel.

BACKGROUND: The findings of the few epidemiological studies on the possible association between shortwave diathermy use by pregnant physiotherapists and adverse pregnancy outcome are inconsistent. We investigated such an association among physiotherapists in Israel. METHODS: Individualized data on exposure to shortwaves, ultrasound, and heavy lifting were collected by questionnaires and telephone interviews. RESULTS: The 434 studied women included 930 pregnancies: 175 ended in spontaneous abortions, 45 had fetal malformations, 47 were delivered prematurely, and 33 infants had low birth weight. The remaining 630 normal pregnancies comprised the control group. Univariate analysis showed that exposure to shortwaves was associated with a significantly increased odds ratio (O.R.) for congenital malformations (O.R. 2.24, CI 1.27-4.83, P =.006) and low birth weight (O.R. 2.99, CI 1.32-6,79, P =.006). This effect increased in a dose-related manner. After controlling for potential confounding variables, only low birth weight reached statistical significance (O.R. 2.75, CI 1.07-7.04, P =.03). From the potentially confounding variables tested, febrile disease during pregnancy was found to be significantly associated with low birth weight (O.R. 3.37, CI 1.38-8.25, P =.01). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of our study suggest that shortwaves have potentially harmful effects on pregnancy outcome, specifically low birth weight.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1988

Comparative study of shortwave heating patterns in phantoms with polyethylene and silk partitions.

Specific absorption rate (SAR) and effective depths of heating patterns induced by a shortwave, pancake diathermy applicator in fat-muscle phantom are measured. Midplane partitions of polyethylene and silk screen with and without contact chemicals are used. Thermographically obtained SAR data show nearly the same value for silk-screen partitions with and without contact chemicals and slightly lower values with polyethylene partitions, provided that the partition midplanes are tightly pressed against each other. Thermometry data indicate that for low-power exposures the major error in thermographic measurements obtained after termination of heating is due to thermal diffusion and not evaporative cooling in the opened midplane of the phantom.

Diathermy↗
PubMed2002

Feasibility study of a fiber-optic system for invasive blood pressure measurements.

A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of a fiber-optic sensor in invasive blood pressure measurements. Static and wide-bandwidth stimuli were offered to the fiber-optic, Millar, Baxter, and Sentron devices to measure static transfer function and transient response. Animal experiments focused on offset drift, dynamic accuracy, and electromagnetic sensitivity. Compared to the Millar, Sentron, and Baxter devices, the fiber-optic sensor had a near-identical static transfer function. Gain and offset errors were < 3.4% and < 0.25%, respectively. Hysteresis nonlinearity was < 0.1%. The dynamic accuracy of the fiber-optic system matched that of the Millar and Sentron systems. Time delay was < 1 msec. Maximum rate of change was > 30,000 mm Hg/sec and bandwidth was 0-150 Hz minimum. Offset drift was 0.6 +/- 0.03 mm Hg. Application of diathermy highlighted the fiber-optic sensor's excellent electromagnetic disturbance rejection. The fiber-optic system appears to be a reliable, high-fidelity pressure monitor in demanding clinical environments.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Correlation between colposcopically directed biopsy and cervical loop excision.

Colposcopy is standard for diagnosis of cervical cancer precursors, but the development of diathermy loop electrodes for excision of the cervical transformation zone offers a technique for validation. Loop excision of the transformation zone was performed for 47 consecutive women with dysplasia in colposcopically directed biopsies using 20 x 8-mm electrodes. Specimens were marked for orientation and serially sectioned. All pathology material was reviewed. Although 28% of women had disappearance of dysplasia at the biopsy site, only 9% had no dysplasia in the transformation zone. Half of the women with CIN 1 on directed biopsy had high-grade lesions found in loop excision specimens. Significant discrepancies may be found between the results of colposcopically directed biopsy and loop excision.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Vitrectomy techniques in late-stage Coats'-like exudative retinal detachment.

Retinal telangiectasia is the hallmark of Coats' disease. In the late stages, leakage from these abnormal vessels can result in a total, bullous exudative retinal detachment with cholesterol-laden subretinal fluid. Secondary angle-closure glaucoma may result in a blind and painful eye which may require enucleation or evisceration. Surgical reattachment of the retina and destruction of the retinal telangiectasia may preserve these eyes. We have found that vitrectomy, internal drainage of subretinal fluid and cholesterol, direct treatment of the retinal telangiectasia with intraocular diathermy and intravitreal gas or silicone oil injection are effective surgical techniques for salvaging these severely damaged eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Discriminative validity of the Minimally Invasive Surgical Trainer in Virtual Reality (MIST-VR) using criteria levels based on expert performance.

BACKGROUND: Increasing constraints on the time and resources needed to train surgeons have led to a new emphasis on finding innovative ways to teach surgical skills outside the operating room. Virtual reality training has been proposed as a method to both instruct surgical students and evaluate the psychomotor components of minimally invasive surgery ex vivo. METHODS: The performance of 100 laparoscopic novices was compared to that of 12 experienced (>50 minimally invasive procedures) and 12 inexperienced (<10 minimally invasive procedures) laparoscopic surgeons. The values of the experienced surgeons' performance were used as benchmark comparators (or criterion measures). Each subject completed six tasks on the Minimally Invasive Surgical Trainer-Virtual Reality (MIST-VR) three times. The outcome measures were time to complete the task, number of errors, economy of instrument movement, and economy of diathermy. RESULTS: After three trials, the mean performance of the medical students approached that of the experienced surgeons. However, 7-27% of the scores of the students fell more than two SD below the mean scores of the experienced surgeons (the criterion level). CONCLUSIONS: The MIST-VR system is capable of evaluating the psychomotor skills necessary in laparoscopic surgery and discriminating between experts and novices. Furthermore, although some novices improved their skills quickly, a subset had difficulty acquiring the psychomotor skills. The MIST-VR may be useful in identifying that subset of novices.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Day case laparoscopic incisional hernia repair is feasible, acceptable, and cost effective.

BACKGROUND: Day case surgery is increasingly performed in the United Kingdom. Laparoscopic techniques have increased the number of conditions suitable for a day surgical approach. Findings have shown that laparoscopic incisional hernia repair (LIHR) is superior to conventional open techniques. This study aimed to show that day case LIHR is safe, produces a good clinical outcome, and is cost effective. METHODS: Day case laparoscopic repair was performed for 31 consecutive patients (10 men; median age, 67 years; range, 39-80 years). Data were entered prospectively into a database. Patients were discharged within 8 h committed to a 10-day course of oral diclofenac 50 mg three times daily and 2 tablets of codydramol four times daily. Follow-up evaluation was by telephone consultation. Hospital costs for LIHR and open repair were compared. RESULTS: All procedures were completed laparoscopically on a day case basis. Additional unsuspected defects were found in eight cases (25.8%). The median mesh size was 140 cm2 (range, 25-375 cm2), and the median body mass index (BMI) was 28.7 kg/m2 (range, 20-37.1 kg/m2). Operations were performed or supervised by a single consultant surgeon (S.J.W.). Six postoperative seromas resolved spontaneously. Two port-site infections required oral antibiotics, and one diathermy pad burn healed with simple dressings. The median analgesia requirement was 7 days (range, 0-152 days). There were no recurrences during a median follow-up period of 15 months (range, 3-24 months). There was a saving of 616 pounds sterling per procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Day case laparoscopic repair of incisional hernias is feasible and safe and has a good clinical outcome. The hospital costs are less than for open techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Surgical excision of retinal macroaneurysms with submacular hemorrhage.

PURPOSE: To report the visual outcome following the surgical excision of retinal macroaneurysms with submacular hemorrhage. METHODS: Two patients presented with decreased vision caused by submacular hemorrhage from retinal macroaneurysms. In the first case, the macroaneurysm was too large to be treated by photocoagulation, and in the second case the direct photocoagulation during the first vitrectomy did not prevent the recurrence of hemorrhages. Vitrectomy with surgical excision of the retinal macroaneurysm using scissors and diathermy with a drainage of the submacular hemorrhage was then performed. RESULTS: In the first patient, the visual acuity was light perception before treatment and 2/200 16 months after the excision. In the second patient, the visual acuity was 20/667 before treatment and 20/40 11 months after the excision. No hemorrhage has recurred in either case after the second vitrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical excision of retinal macroaneurysms might be an effective procedure in cases where the macroaneurysm is too large or cannot be treated by photocoagulation during vitrectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Pars plana vitrectomy techniques for relief of epiretinal traction by membrane segmentation.

We used a technique for surgical management of fibrovascular membranes to relieve epiretinal tangential traction when present in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Sharp dissection with intraocular scissors was used to segment fibrovascular and cortical vitreous membranes together with cauterization of large vessels with intraocular bipolar diathermy. The objective of membrane segmentation was to relieve all epiretinal traction, thereby reducing retinal surface distortion and allowing the retina to flatten and reattach. Complete relief of traction prevented further late contraction of membranes and subsequent distortion and redetachment.

Air↗
PubMed1995

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in the larynx: re-emergence of clinical disease following surgery.

The treatment and aetiology of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis remains unclear. We report a case of laryngeal papillomatosis where repeated suction diathermy and later laser treatment led to the formation of a substantial glottic web, but a clinically papilloma-free state of the upper aerodigestive system. Division of the web led to widespread recurrence of the papillomas, which eventually resolved after the larynx had healed with the reformation of a limited anterior web. The role of surgical trauma and its effect on re-emergence of papillomas is discussed.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed2006

Ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

To date, clomiphene citrate (CC) remains the first therapeutical step for inducing ovulation in anovulatory PCOS patients. Metformin alone or combined with CC is a valid second step approach, whereas the laparoscopic ovarian diathermy can be useful only in selected cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Needle excision of the transformation zone: A new method for treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate a new needle electrode for conization of the cervix that was developed in my department. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective study of 58 unselected women with histologically verified cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who underwent conization with the diathermy needle. The operations were performed with local anesthesia as outpatient procedures. Follow-up time was 5 years. RESULTS: All cones were removed in one piece and were of high histologic quality. Mean (+/-SD) operating time, including anesthesia, was 7.9 +/- 2.7 minutes. Mean depth of thermal damage was 0.29 +/- 0.21 mm, and mean blood loss was 12.5 +/- 9.4 mL. No late complications have been noted, and 94.8% of patients have required no further treatment. CONCLUSION: Needle excision of the transformation zone is a simple and effective outpatient procedure that yields a one-piece cone specimen of high quality and carries a success rate of 94.8%.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Impact of therapy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia on fertility.

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is endemic in young American women. Because the majority of these women have a strong desire to maintain fertility, the efficacy of treatment modalities for this condition must be weighed against potential negative effects on fertility. Except for cone biopsy, however, the peer-reviewed literature provides little information about the effects of such techniques on fertility. While there are no data demonstrating that the other commonly used therapies (loop electrical excision procedure, cryotherapy, laser vaporization, and diathermy cautery) have a negative impact on fertility, neither has it been definitively proved that they do not have an untoward impact on fertility. Thus further studies are needed, and patients should be educated regarding the limitations of available information when informed consent for treatment is obtained.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed2001

Needle aspiration and endodiathermy treatment of epithelial inclusion cyst of the iris.

PURPOSE: To report a case of recurrent epithelial inclusion cyst of the iris treated with needle aspiration and endodiathermy. METHODS: Case report. A 27-year-old man with a history of congenital cataracts, congenital nystagmus, cataract surgery in each eye at 3 years of age, and a long-standing iris epithelial cyst presented with decreased vision of 20/400 in the better seeing left eye. The reduced vision was diagnosed secondary to growth of the iris inclusion cyst over the pupil. RESULTS: The iris cyst, which occluded the chamber angle and pupil, was treated with aspiration, separation of the cyst wall from the cornea, and endodiathermy. Twelve months after cyst surgery, no evidence existed of epithelial cyst regrowth. The visual function was significantly improved, although Snellen visual acuity was unchanged at 20/400. CONCLUSION: The minimal invasiveness of needle aspiration and diathermy can result in a satisfactory outcome without undertaking more extensive and invasive surgical treatments for epithelial inclusion cysts of the anterior chamber.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Endoscopic incision of postoperative stenoses in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Membrane-like upper gastrointestinal stenoses, such as may occur after surgery, can be treated by making radial diathermy incisions, producing an increased caliber and a smooth, supple wall at the site of the stenosis. This method has been used in six patients with stenoses after various operations on the upper gastrointestinal tract, including two esophageal and two gastric anastomoses, one gastroplasty, and one pyloric stenosis. The result was favorable in all cases except the pyloric stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histology of anterior capsule edges produced by CCC and DC.

We compared the postoperative characteristics of the anterior capsule edges produced by two incision techniques: continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) and diathermy capsulorhexis (DC). We examined the incised rims of human and animal capsules histologically and also compared the configuration and strength of the rims produced in animal experimentation. Histological examination of rabbit lenses revealed that 0.5 seconds was sufficient for coagulation of the anterior capsule: longer times caused deeper cortical tissue damage. Experimentally produced small capsulorhexis (3.5 mm diameter) with DC produced edges were less elastic than with CCC when tension was applied.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hemorrhoids. Nonoperative management.

It is remarkable that the pathogenesis of a condition with as long a history and as much morbidity as hemorrhoids is incompletely understood, but various theories still contend for acceptance. The classification, presentation, symptoms, and complications of hemorrhoids are discussed, and various treatment options--injection sclerotherapy, rubber band ligation, manual anal dilatation, sphincterotomy, cryotherapy, infrared photocoagulation, bipolar diathermy, and the galvanic generator and probe--are reviewed.

Diathermy↗