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At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1964

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS AND FRANCISELLA NOVICIDA.

Owen, C. R. (U.S. Public Health Service, Rocky Mountain Laboratory, Hamilton, Mont.), E. O. Buker, W. L. Jellison, D. B. Lackman, and J. F. Bell. Comparative studies of Francisella tularensis and Francisella novicida. J. Bacteriol. 87:676-683. 1964.-Comparative studies of various properties of Francisella tularensis (= Pasteurella tularensis) and F. novicida were performed. The two organisms are very similar morphologically. Growth of both was markedly enhanced by addition of cystine to media, but F. novicida is less fastidious than F. tularensis. The virulence of F. novicida for mice and cavies is lower than that of fresh isolates of F. tularensis. In complement-fixation tests, some cross-reaction occurred when rabbit antisera were used; complement-fixation tests with cavy antisera were specific. Agglutination tests with sera from both rabbits and cavies were specific. Nonliving vaccines of the two organisms (extracts, whole dead cells) conferred no cross-protection to mice; living attenuated vaccines conferred cross-protection which was more transitory than was specific protection. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests were highly specific. Absorption of antisera with homologous organisms removed all PCA reactivity, while absorption with heterologous organisms left it almost intact. Hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests were specific. It was concluded that the two organisms are sufficiently similar to belong in the same genus but sufficiently different to be retained in separate species.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed2001

[Chlamydia pneumoniae and myocardial infarct? (Serologic study)].

At disposal for tests were 156 blood sera collected from patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI samples) and 67 blood sera collected from control persons. The sera were tested by the following reactions: complement fixation test (CFT) with genus-specific antigen (C. psittaci, Bioveta, Ivanovice na Hané), ELISA in the immunoglobulin classes IgG and IgA using the MOMP (Vircell, Spain) and LPS (MEDAC, Hamburg, BRD) Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. p.) antigens, and indirect immunofluorescence test with MOMP C. p. antigen (MRL Diagnostics, USA). Eight AMI samples were not tested by CFT owing to haemolyis or lipaemia. CFT titres ranging from 1:4 to 1:16 were found in 28 of the 148 AMI samples (18.9%) and 3 of the 67 control samples (4.5%). The between-group difference was highly significant (chi 2 = 7.795 at 0.01). Positive by rELISA anti LPS C. p. were 89 of the 155 AMI samples (57%) and 22 of the 62 control samples (35%). Also this difference was highly significant (chi 2 = 8.528; alpha = 1%). The following conclusions can be drawn from the results: 1. Chlamydia pneumoniae can play an important role in the aetiology of atherosclerosis leading to AMI. 2. rELISA anti-LPS can be recommended for routine serological diagnostics of C. pneumoniae and studies of its role in the aetiology of atherosclerosis. 3. The complement fixation test is still suitable for the screening of human chlamydiosis.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

A latex agglutination test for field diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia.

Latex beads were sensitised with a polysaccharide isolated from a F38 culture supernatant and used in a slide agglutination test to detect serum antibodies in goats with contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. The latex agglutination test detected antibodies in the sera of goats by 22 +/- 2 (mean +/- 1 sd) days after contact exposure to contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, whereas the complement-fixation test detected antibodies by 24 +/- 4 days after contact exposure. Both tests were negative with 181 sera from a farm which was free of the disease. When the same tests were done on 763 sera from two different farms with outbreaks of classical contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, 63 per cent were positive by the latex agglutination test and 23 per cent were positive by the complement-fixation test. Besides being more sensitive than complement fixation, the latex agglutination test can be performed in the field using undiluted serum or whole blood and a result obtained within two minutes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Competitive enzyme immunoassay for detection of complement-fixing antibodies in diagnostic virology.

A competitive enzyme immunoassay was developed to detect serum complement-fixing antibodies in virus diseases. This assay utilized conglutinin-covered plastic beads as the solid phase to detect specific antibody-antigen complexes that competed for complement with a probe complex comprised of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase and its specific antibody. Binding to the solid phase is C3bi mediated, and when specific antibody-antigen complexes are not present the probe is bound and an enzymatic reaction ensues. This type of competitive assay was introduced in the field of immunopathology for investigating circulating immune complexes by Manca et al. (Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 16:131-141, 1980). The assay gave satisfactory results in terms of specificity, reproducibility, and handling, enabling laboratories to obtain results in 5 h. The sensitivity of the method coincided with that of the complement fixation test. However, this technique offers several advantages over conventional complement fixation because it requires less time, is easier to perform, and gives more reliable quantitative results. The data obtained indicated that this competition assay offers a feasible alternative to conventional complement fixation tests and should be useful in routine diagnostic applications and in seroepidemiological surveys.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1984

A brucellosis serological survey on beef cattle slaughtered at Cato Ridge Abattoir.

A total of 5059 sera were collected from adult female beef cattle at Cato Ridge Abattoir and tested for Brucella abortus antibody levels over the period November, 1981 to August, 1982. The sera were screened using the Rose Bengal Plate Test, and the Complement Fixation Test was used as the definitive test. Seventy-seven sera (1,5%) had titres of 30 IU complement fixing B. abortus antibody per ml serum or greater.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1983

Passive haemagglutination and complement fixation as diagnostic tests for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia caused by the F-38 strain of mycoplasma.

Passive haemagglutination and complement fixation tests were used to assess the antibody response of goats to the F-38 strain of mycoplasma. The passive haemagglutination test was found to have a positive correlation (r:0.89) with the complement fixation test in detection of antibody to strain F-38. Whereas passive haemagglutination was found more sensitive than the complement fixation test, it was less specific.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

The rose bengal plate test in human brucellosis.

In Machakos Hospital, Kenya, the sera of 452 patients suspected of brucellosis were examined with the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), the complement fixation test (CFT) and the tube serum agglutination test (SAT). The percentage of false positive findings on the RBPT was 0.22% when compared with the SAT, 0.44% with the CFT. The percentage of false negative findings on the RBPT was 3% when compared with the SAT, 0.88% with the CFT. A good correlation between the RBPT and both the SAT and the CFT was also found by Morgan et al. (1969). The RBPT may be considered as a highly reliable test in the diagnosis of human brucellosis. The test is especially valuable in areas where laboratory facilities are not available and can be used as a screening test in areas with good laboratory facilities.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed2005

The value of follow-up after acute Q fever infection.

This is a case report of a 53-year-old woman involved in an outbreak of Q fever, in whom Q fever endocarditis was diagnosed 18 months after acute Q fever infection. At the time of diagnosis, she was completely asymptomatic and without screening for chronic Q fever, this severe potentially life-threatening infection would probably not have been recognised until significant valvular destruction had taken place. Early diagnosis enabled prompt, potentially curative medical treatment to start without the need for valvular heart surgery. The authors advocate that serological monitoring should be carried out every 4 months for a period of 2 years after acute Q fever and patients with high phase 1 IgG titres (>800) be investigated further and/or followed more closely depending on the clinical scenario. The case report also discusses the use of complement fixation testing in the diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis. The authors recommend that in cases of culture negative endocarditis, a single negative complement fixation test is not sufficient to exclude the diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis. Micro-immunofluorescence or repeat complement fixation testing is recommended when Q fever endocarditis is suspected clinically.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Contribution of immunofluorescent reactions in the cerebrospinal fluid to the study of neurocysticercosis].

The most important immunobiological aspects of neurocysticercosis and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) syndrome in this disease are reviewed. A study was made of 1.577 samples of CSF from 1.282 patients who suffered from several diseases of central nervous system. They were divided in 3 groups: 1- 459 patients with normal results of CSF tests; 2- 600 patients with pathological CSF, but with immunological reactions non-reactive; 3- 233 patients divided in 8 sub-groups according the results of the immunological reactions. CSF immunofluorescent reactions for syphilis (FTA-Abs). cysticercosis and toxoplasmosis were analysed. Results obtained showed that immunofluorescent reaction for cysticercosis has the same sensitivity and especificity as the complement fixation test, but, not considering those samples who showed delay in hemolisys of the complement fixation test, the immunofluorescent reaction showed significative, better results, as occurs, with the FTA-Abs in syphilis. The agreement between the results of the immunofluorescent reaction and complement fixation in CSF contributes for a better security to the immunodiagnosis of cysticercosis and is particularly useful in those cases in which the complement fixation test in anti-complementary. The positive of immunofluorescent reaction for cysticercosis in CSF must be incorporated to the CSF syndrome of the disease and contributes to the immunobiological studies of the disease.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors relating to recurrence of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis following treatment with amphotericin B.

A retrospective analysis was made of cases of Chronic Pulmonary Histoplasmosis during the admission in which patients received amphotericin B to determine if there were features related to recurrence of the disease. There was significance at the p less than or equal to 0.05 level in that the nonrecurrent cases tended to have a lower initial complement fixation titers using mycelial antigen; had initial complement fixation tests which were likely to result in no reaction using either mycelial or yeast antigen; and had more rapid drops in the complement fixation values using the yeast antigen. Although the present evaluation does not suggest an absolute minimum effective dose of amphotericin B, it would seem plausible to administer a course of at least 2300 mg if the initial complement fixation test was nonreactive but if the drug was tolerated well by the patient and the initial complement fixation test was reactive, the goal should be at least 2500 mg.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Diagnosis of ovine enzootic abortion, using a competitive ELISA based on monoclonal antibodies against variable segments 1 and 2 of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia psittaci serotype 1.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a competitive ELISA (cELISA) specific for detection of antibodies to abortion strains of Chlamydia psittaci and C pecorum that is based on monoclonal antibodies against the 2 segments. PROCEDURA: Monoclonal antibodies were screened for binding to ELISA plates coated with elementary bodies, and were selected on the basis of positive competition with experimentally produced sera against C psittaci and lack of competition with anti-C pecorum sera. The cELISA was evaluated with field sera, and the results were compared with those obtained by complement-fixation testing and by an ELISA containing solubilized outer membrane complexes (A-ELISA). RESULTS: The cELISA detected 9 of 10 C psittaci-infected flocks (57/125 sera, 45.6%), and in 6 of 10 flocks (27.3% of the sera), it specified correctly the infecting chlamydial species. Regarding test sensitivity, the complement-fixation test detected 6 of 10 test-positive (19.2% of the sera) flocks, whereas 7 of 10 test-positive (48.8% of the sera) flocks were detected by use of the A-ELISA. The specificity of the test was satisfactory (100%), compared with the A-ELISA (72.2%). CONCLUSIONS: The new cELISA is a sensitive and specific assay for antibodies against C psittaci abortion strains. It is rapid and easy to perform and does not require serum dilutions. The new cELISA is, therefore, suitable as a routine test for chlamydial diagnosis and seroepidemiologic studies.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Model proficiency testing scheme for serological diagnosis of Brucellosis: interlaboratory study.

A model interlaboratory testing scheme was developed by the Italian National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis. This scheme was planned for both qualitative (Rose Bengal Plate Test; RBPT) and quantitative (Complement Fixation Test; CFT) serological tests and involved a total of 42 laboratories. In the preparation of this scheme, reference was made to general protocols and guidelines and to methods reported in the literature, which were applicable to analytical chemistry laboratories. Six field sera from naturally infected animals, one positive serum at a titer below the European Union (EU) positivity threshold, and 5 sera positive at titers between 20 and 851 International Units of Complement Fixation Test (IUCFT)/mL plus one negative serum were used to produce a panel of test sera. To evaluate laboratory performances in the quantitative test for each tested sample examined, z-scores based on robust summary statistics (the median and normalized interquartile range) were used. To evaluate overall laboratory performance, 2 types of combined z-scores were used: Rescaled Sum of Scores and Sum of Squared Scores. In the case of the qualitative test (RBPT), results were analyzed by a Bayesian approach. A Beta distribution, based on the result of each laboratory, was calculated and used to estimate the probability of each laboratory giving a correct result and its uncertainty.

Animals↗