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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Root resorption in autotransplanted maxillary canine teeth.

The results of the endodontic management of root resorption in 77 transplanted teeth are described. Apical bony radiolucency healed in 75 per cent of cases but the prognosis for root resorption was poorer; in only 34 per cent of cases was the resorption arrested. Various factors which might have influenced the outcome of treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Review of calcium hydroxide.

Calcium hydroxide is a material which has been used for a variety of purposes since its introduction into dentistry in the early part of the twentieth century. In its pure form, the substance has a high pH, and its dental use relates chiefly to its ability to stimulate mineralization, and also to its antibacterial properties. A range of products has been formulated with different therapeutic actions, the effects of which are partially dependent upon the tissue to which they are applied. The material is reviewed under the following general headings: biochemical actions; dental formulation; uses.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1990

In vivo findings associated with heat generation during thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha. 2. Histological response to temperature elevation on the external surface of the root.

An in vivo investigation is described and a histological evaluation made of the effect of canal obturation by thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha and sealer on the cementum on the lateral surface of the root and adjacent periodontal membrane and alveolar bone of the ferret canine after time intervals of 24 hours, 20 days and 40 days. These tissue reactions were compared with those in the roots of control teeth filled by lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha and sealer. Iatrogenic damage was apparent in a minority of the experimental specimens 20 and 40 days after obturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of long-term calcium hydroxide treatment in avulsed teeth--an in vivo study.

Calcium hydroxide has been advocated for use in avulsed teeth as a temporary dressing in an attempt to prevent or inhibit external resorption. However, there have been no long-term histological studies that have examined gutta-percha versus calcium hydroxide treatment in avulsed teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term therapeutic effect of calcium hydroxide therapy in avulsed teeth. Six adult macaca monkeys were anesthetized and all four maxillary incisors were extracted and bench-dried for 25 min. The teeth were replanted and splinted with composite for approximately 2 weeks. Each animal served as its own control and the teeth were accessed, instrumented, and filled with either Ca(OH)2 or gutta-percha and AH26 cement. All access openings were filled with composite. The Ca(OH)2 was replaced twice during the experimental period (approximately every 8 weeks). The animals were killed between 5 and 7.5 months post-avulsion. The teeth were removed, sectioned, and examined histologically by two examiners. The results of the histological evaluation of external resorption indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in resorption indices between the teeth obturated with gutta percha or with calcium hydroxide (P > 0.05). Replacement resorption was the primary cause of root destruction and only a few histological sections exhibited evidence of inflammatory resorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effect of various zinc oxide materials as root-end fillings on healing after replantation.

This study examined the effect of various zinc oxide materials as root-end fillings of teeth in a replantation model. A total of 35 molar teeth were used from 19 monkeys. After extraction, root ends were resected, the canals contaminated with oral bacteria, root-end cavities prepared and fillings placed prior to replantation. After 8 weeks the teeth and surrounding jaw were removed and prepared for histological examination. Twelve roots were filled with IRM plus dentine chips, and six with Cavit; the tissue response around root ends filled with these materials as assessed by inflammation was similar to that previous reported to IRM and Super EBA cement and was characterized by little or no inflammation of limited extent. In contrast, more severe inflammation was observed around root ends filled with plain zinc oxide-eugenol or Kalzinol; however, the reaction was neither as severe nor as extensive as that to amalgam root-end fillings. Giant cells were observed most often on the surface of fillings with Cavit and zinc oxide-eugenol. It is concluded that the tissue response to IRM with or without added dentine, Super EBA and Cavit was similar and mild; it was less severe than that to zinc oxide-eugenol and Kalzinol. All these materials had a much more favourable response than amalgam

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Dental complications associated with repeated orotracheal intubation in infancy: a case report.

Various oral and dental problems have been attributed to orotracheal intubation in the neonatal period. A case is described of a child whose dental anomalies are ascribed to multiple orotracheal intubations for the management of a complex cardiac abnormality. Six intubations were required between the ages of 9 days and 4 years for investigation and surgery. His maxillary right primary central incisor did not erupt until 3 years of age and the maxillary left was still unerupted at 6 years and 10 months and was rotated in its crypt. At this time, the mandibular primary incisors were physiologically mobile but the maxillary right primary central incisor remained firm. Both maxillary primary central incisors were extracted and examined histologically and showed abnormal morphology, enamel hypoplasia, and disordered dentine formation and root resorption. Subsequent eruption of the left permanent central incisor revealed hypoplasia of its incisal edge. It is suggested that the delayed eruption and abnormal morphology of the primary incisors were due to pressure effects on the overlying mucosa, follicular displacement and localized trauma caused by intubation. This case highlights the importance of monitoring the developing dentition of patients with a history of orotracheal intubation, so that interceptive treatment may be instituted when appropriate.

Dental Enamel Hypoplasia↗
PubMed1996

Problems of root resorption in relation to orthodontic treatment planning: a report of three cases.

Three cases are described illustrating problems of root resorption related to orthodontic treatment. In the first case the short roots of many of the teeth made it inappropriate to carry out orthodontic treatment. In the second case there were no signs of root resorption initially, but, following retraction of maxillary incisors with a removable appliance, root resorption was noted affecting molar and premolar teeth, but not the maxillary incisors. In the third case several teeth had short roots, and further shortening of roots occurred during fixed appliance therapy. These cases illustrate the unpredictable nature of root resorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Maxillary premolar resorption by canines: three case reports.

Three unusual cases of maxillary premolar root resorption are reported. Three teenage patients were referred to the orthodontic department for management of ectopic maxillary canines. Radiographic examination revealed unilateral premolar root resorption in all three patients. This represents an unusual finding. Whereas the prevalence of maxillary lateral incisor root resorption secondary to palatally ectopic canines has been reported, the prevalence of premolar root resorption is unknown. This report discusses the findings in the context of the available literature. The postulated aetiology and the need for early diagnosis are highlighted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Concomitant oral findings in children after cardiac transplant.

Heart transplantations have been performed in the Centre for Paediatric Heart Surgery at the Justus Liebig University in Giessen (Germany) since 1988. For further consultation and therapy, some affected children subsequently present at the Polyclinic for Paediatric Dentistry. In all these cases problematic oral findings were diagnosed. It was the aim of this study to describe the different findings and to create a concept for avoiding them in the future. Altogether, 10 children with cardiac transplants (three girls, seven boys) were examined and, where necessary, treated. At the time they first presented, they were between 23 and 119 months old (average = 72.2) and had all been operated on (organ transplant) in the first 6 months of life. Each child showed evidence of gingival hyperplasia in the area of the front teeth, which was because of ongoing immunosuppression. In three patients, reactive mucosal caps avoided the age-related penetration of a permanent incisor in the upper jaw. In addition, the primary teeth of six children were affected by caries; in two of these cases, the damage was because of the nursing-bottle syndrome. The results show that any infant with cardiac transplant has to be subjected to careful dental examination and offered comprehensive medical care in cooperation with the competent centre for child cardiac surgery. Furthermore, the parents of such children should be informed prior to transplantation about the possibility of subsequent findings and how these findings can be either avoided or, if necessary, adequately treated.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Potentials for root resorption during periodontal wound healing.

The present study was undertaken to examine whether (1) the process of resorption, which invariably affects periodontitis involved reimplanted roots facing bone or gingival connective tissue during healing, is a transient phenomenon and, (2) root resorption can be prevented by permitting downgrowth of epithelium along the root surface. A total of 24 teeth in 2 monkeys (Macaca cynomolgus) was subjected to experimental periodontal tissue breakdown by the placement of elastic ligatures around the teeth. The ligatures were left in situ until about 50% of the supporting tissues had been lost. Following removal of the ligatures, the teeth were extracted and the denuded portions of the roots were scaled and planed. The crowns of the teeth were resected and the root canals filled with guttapercha. The roots were subsequently implanted into sockets prepared in the jaw bone in such a way that each root was embedded in bone except for a portion which was in contact with gingival connective tissue. 1 month prior to sacrifice of the animals, the cut surface of the coronal part of the roots was exposed by removal of the covering soft tissue. The epithelium was thereby allowed to migrate into the wound. Implantation of the roots was scheduled to provide healing periods of 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks before exposure of the roots. The histologic examination of the implant specimens disclosed that replacement resorption was a progressive process which eventually resulted in the elimination of the transplanted roots. It was possible to prevent root resorption in this model by permitting apical downgrowth of epithelium along the root surface during the initial phase of healing. The results are discussed in relation to procedures used in periodontal therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cellular colonization of denuded root surfaces in vivo: cell morphology in dentin resorption and cementum repair.

Cellular colonization of denuded root surfaces on replanted teeth was examined with scanning electron microscopy. The dentin surface was rapidly colonized by a few macrophage-like cells which resorbed dentin in limited areas. They had well-developed ruffled borders but no clear zones. The resorptive activity was gradually inhibited by the ingrowth of a monolayer of fibroblast-like cells from the periphery of the denuded area. At the advancing front, the ingrowing fibroblast-like cells were long and slender, with long tail-like projections trailing the nuclear domain. The invading cells behind these were well-spread and tightly packed. They had a granulated surface and showed morphological signs of fibre synthesis. After 6 weeks, the entire cavity was covered by a monolayer of these cells. Removal of the cells with sodium hypochlorite revealed that a cementum-like tissue had been formed under the invading cells, indicating that they were cementoblasts. It was concluded that wound repair on the root surface is dependent upon the differentiation and proliferation of pre-cementoblasts in the periphery of the wound and that cells in the main body of the periodontal membrane are of little significance in the healing process on the root surface.

Animals↗