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PubMedDate not supplied

Symptomatic gastric leiomyoma mimicking giant gastric polyp: endoscopic diagnosis and removal.

Gastric leiomyoma is an uncommonly found benign submucosal neoplasm which may cause hemorrhage in rare cases. A 67-years-old patient was admitted to our attention due to two episodes of hematemesis and melena occurred in the previous two days. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a giant semi-pedunculated gastric polyp (diameter of 4 centimeters) located at the distal body. A large ulcer with a clot was seen on the polyp. We treated endoscopically the giant polyp using the new two-steps-technique recently described by us for the treatment of the large pedunculated gastric and colorectal polyps, and the polypectomy was successfully performed without immediate or delayed complications. Histological evaluation of the transected polyp revealed morphology according to a gastric submucosal leiomyoma. Endoscopic control, performed one and four weeks and 12 months later, showed complete reepithelization of the gastric mucosa, without any sign of endoscopic, endosonographic and histological recurrence of the disease. This case report shows that our endoscopic approach may be successfully used also for giant semi-pedunculated gastric polyps.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[The influence of protein kinase C inhibitor in eosinophil apoptosis of nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of the inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), Iso-H7 [1-(5-lsoquinolinyl-sulfony)-3-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride] on eosinophil apoptosis in nasal polyp tissues. METHODS: Nasal polyp tissues were cultured and divided into two groups, test group (with Iso-H7 in different concentration) and control group (without the inhibitor of PKC), to check out the influence of Iso-H7 on eosinophil apoptosis in nasal polyps. The nasal polyp tissues were cultured in Iso-H7 in concentration of 10(-6), 10(-4), 10(-2) mol/L for 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d, respectively. Eosinophil apoptosis index was measured with TUNEL (terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase d-UTP nick end labeling), in situ hybridization and MGG staining to identify eosinophil apoptosis. RESULTS: Occasionally, there was little eosinophil apoptosis in two groups in 1 d, but in 3 d, There were a great deal of eosinophil apoptosis in test group. The eosinophil apoptosis indexs of the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.01). The indexs of eosinophil apoptosis was not significantly higher in 3 d than that in 5 d in test groups (P > 0. 05), but significantly higher than that in 1d (P < 0. 01). CONCLUSIONS: Iso-H7 takes a important role in accelerating eosinophil apoptosis. The inhibitor of PKC could significantly promote eosinophil apoptosis in nasal polyps. There is no dosage and time dependence of PKC inhibitor in regulating eosinophil apoptosis of nasal polyps.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed2002

[Pathological studies of vocal polyps and vocal nodes].

OBJECTIVE: In order to investigate the pathological differences and similarities of vocal nodes and vocal polyps. METHOD: 144 samples of vocal nodes and vocal polyps were examined by an experienced pathologist. RESULT: There were no significant statistical difference in short-term vocal nodes and vocal polyps. In long-term vocal nodes and vocal polyps, vocal nodes had thickened basal membrane, and abnormal keratinization of epithelium, vocal polyps had thin or discrete thickening of basement membrane, more pronounced edema, dilated vessels or growth of new blood vessels. CONCLUSION: It proved that vocal nodes and polyps are the result of "microtraumas" occurring at various phases of wound repair, thus accounting for the homogeneity and heterogeneity of histological and clinical manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence of colonic polyps.

Ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence was examined in vivo to determine whether the technique can reliably distinguish between hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps of the colon. Spectra from 86 normal colonic sites, 35 hyperplastic polyps, and 49 adenomatous polyps were recorded in vivo. Polyp type was independently determined by two senior pathologists who were unaware of the fluorescence measurement. A multivariate linear regression analysis was used to differentiate spectra from hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps and resulted in a sensitivity, specificity, predictive value positive, and predictive value negative for identifying adenomatous polyps of 86%, 80%, 86%, and 80%, respectively. These values were not significantly different from the accuracy of routine clinical pathology. Thus, ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence appears to show promise as a means for distinguishing tissue types. However, further experience is needed before its routine clinical use can be recommended. Significant changes in the fluorescence spectra occurred postmortem, suggesting that future studies of laser-induced fluorescence of colonic tissue must use data acquired in vivo.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the caecum in a patient with neurofibromatosis.

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the large intestine is uncommon. To our knowledge, this condition has not been reported in a patient with neurofibromatosis. CLINICAL PICTURE: In this report, a 66-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis was found to have a large polyp in the caecum. TREATMENT: Right hemicolectomy was performed because of the size of the polyp. OUTCOME: Pathological examination showed that the polyp was an inflammatory fibroid polyp. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should be aware that inflammatory fibroid polyps could be one of the many manifestations of neurofibromatosis in the gastrointestinal tract.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Expression of MUC5AC in human nasal polyp and inferior turbinate epithelium].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of MUC5AC in human nasal polyp and inferior turbinate epithelium, to evaluate the relationship between MUC5AC and the increased mucous secretions in polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis. METHOD: With immunohistochemistry ABC and HE dyeing, twenty-seven polyps, nineteen chronic hypertrophy rhinitis and eleven normal inferior turbinates epithelium were applied to this study. RESULT: The number of MUC5AC+ cells in nasal polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis was significantly bigger than that in normal inferior turbinates (P < 0.05), and the MUC5AC+ cells were mainly concentrate on the goblet cells. CONCLUSION: MUC5AC is highly expressed in epithelium of human polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis inferior turbinates, and MUC5AC takes part in increasing secretion in polyps and chronic hypertrophy rhinitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Endometrial cancer in polyps: a clinical study of 27 cases.

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: To review risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and histopathologic findings in 27 cases of endometrial cancer in polyps. METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective study of 204 consecutive patients with endometrial carcinoma who were diagnosed at our institution between June 1998 to June 2001. Endometrial cancer arising in polyps occurred in 27 patients (13.2%) and accounted for 1.8% of 1492 endometrial polyps diagnosed during this period. RESULTS: Patients had a mean age of 62 years. All except one woman were postmenopausal. Three breast cancer patients were currently given tamoxifen. Metrorrhagia was the presenting symptom in 74% of cases, although 22% of patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Ultrasonography performed in 22 patients showed images compatible with an endometrial polyp in 50% of cases, myoma in 5%, and inconclusive findings in 45%. The median endometrial thickness was 11 mm (range 4-33 mm). Diagnosis was made by aspiration-biopsy in 13 patients and by hysteroscopic endometrial sampling in 13 (in one patient endometrial carcinoma was incidentally found in the surgical specimen). All patients were in FIGO Stage IA. Endometrioid carcinoma was found in 81.5% of cases. Retroperitoneal metastases were not found in 25 patients undergoing pelvic lymphadenectomy, nor neoplastic growth in the specimens of six polypeptomies performed during hysteroscopy. All patients are free of relapse after a mean follow-up of 30 months. CONCLUSIONS: Postmenopausal women with endometrial polyps diagnosed by ultrasonography should undergo directed biopsies under hysteroscopic vision. The present series confirms the good prognosis of endometrial cancer in polyps.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased connexin 43 expression correlated with eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyps.

BACKGROUND: A nasal polyp usually is characterized by eosinophil infiltration. Eosinophil-fibroblast interaction is an important event of persistent inflammation in airways. We have found abundant connexin 43 (Cx43) expression in subepithelial fibroblasts of nasal mucosa. Thus, we aim to analyze the relationship of Cx43 expression and eosinophil in nasal polyps. METHODS: In 25 nasal polyps and 19 inferior turbinates, indirect immunofluorescent and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed in adjacent sections. We calculated the density of Cx43 staining and eosinophil individually by fluorescent and light microscope. RESULTS: Positive Cx43 staining under confocal microscope was shown as punctated spots on cell margin. The density of Cx43 and eosinophil staining was significantly different between groups of inferior turbinate and nasal polyp (p = 0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Decreased Cx43 expression in the subepithelial fibroblast was correlated with eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyps. Spearman rank order coefficient was equal to -0.43 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This is the first demonstration of decreased Cx43 expression related to eosinophil infiltration. To the best of our knowledge, interleukin-8 may be a link between Cx43 and eosinophil and orchestrating both in developing nasal polyps.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[A case of fibroepithelial polyp of the ureter resected ureteroscopically].

A case of a giant fibroepithelial polyp of the ureter is presented. A 76-year-old woman was pointed out to have a tumorus lesion in the urinary bladder by ultrasonography. Intravenous pyelography showed a filling defect in the lower portion of the left ureter and bladder. Cystoscopy revealed a tumor with a smooth surface sticking out of the left ureteral orifice. After demonstration of benign ureteral polyp without malignancy by biopsy, ureteroscopic resection was performed. The stalk of the polyp was coagulated and removed with biopsy forceps under ureteroscopy. Pathological diagnosis was a fibroepithelial polyp. There were no findings of polyp recurrence or ureteral stenosis at 9 months after the operation. The diagnosis and management of fibroepithelial polyp are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[The role of CD137 in the growth of nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the roles of CD137 in the etiology of nasal polyps by immunohistochemistry. METHOD: Forty-four samples of nasal polyps and 11 control samples were studied. Forty-four samples were divided into group A and B on the basis of the endoscopic findings, computed tomography and the criterion of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp classification. The slides were stained with antibody CD137. Positive eosinophils of CD137 in selected samples were observed. All data were analyzed with chi2 test using SPSS10.0 software. RESULT: Positive CD137 immunostainning show a significant difference between group A and B. CONCLUSION: Eosinophil and cytokine plays an important role in the mechanism leading to the growth of nasal polyps. The tissue eosinophils of nasal polyps express CD137. The closed relation was shown among the expression of CD137, the tissue eosinophilia and extent of nasal polyps. This result indicates the CD137 expression might limit GM-CSF-mediated and IL-5-mediated antiapoptosis of eosinophils.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed2005

[Expression and distribution of aquaporin-5 in human nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution and expression of aquaporin-5 (AQP-5) in nasal polyps and explore the role of AQP-5 in the formation of nasal polyps and the normal function of AQP-5 in the inferior turbinate. METHOD: AQP-5 were studied in 30 samples nasal polyps and 12 samples of inferior turbinates with immunochemistric staing. RESULT: The level of AQP-5 positive cells in the serous cells from nasal polyps were lesser than that from inferior turbinate, and the level of AQP-5 positive cells in the blood vessel endothelium from nasal polyps were more than that from inferior turbinate. CONCLUSION: AQP-5 may play the role in both the formation of nasal polyps and the function of normal nasal mucous membrane.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[An analysis of therapeutic effects of jinsangsanjie and jinsangkaiyin pills on polyps and/or nodules of the vocal cords].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effects of Jinsangsanjie and Jinsangkaiyin Pills in treating polyps and/or nodules of the vocal cords. METHOD: Two hundred and fifty cases of vocal polyp and/or nodule including 88 cases of early poly, 115 cases of nodule and 47 eases of postoperative patients of vocal polyp were treated with Jinsangsanjie and Jinsangkaiyin Pills. RESULT: The total effective rate of early polyps and nodules was 94.1% and the total effective rate of postoperative patients of vocal polyp was 100.0. CONCLUSION: The better therapeutic effects of Jinsangsanjie and Jinsangkaiyin Pills in treating vocal polyps and/or nodules are worthy to be popularized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[The expression and significance of Fas/FasL in nasal polyps tissue].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the induction and control effect of Fas/FasL system in the occurrence and evolution of nasal polyps tissue. METHOD: Nasal polyps samples of 40 cases and 5 healthy adults were examined for the genic expressions of factors Fas and FasL by using the method of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULT: The results indicated that the expressions of FasL in nasal polyps was high, and the expressions of Fas was low. The average index of correlative quotient was (0.62+/-0.74), (0.14+/-0.25). The positive percentage in epithelial cells of normal nasal mucosa was significant higher than that of nasal polyps. There was no expressions of FasL in normal nasal mucosa, but in nasal polyps there were different degree expressions, mostly in epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: The downwards expression of Fas and the upwards expression of FasL in nasal polyps may inhibit the cellular apoptosis and the enhanced hyperplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Epithelial cell proliferation in nasal polyps].

The mechanism stimulating the growth of nasal polyps remains unclear. The fact that nasal polyps formation is connected with increase of the epithelial surface suggests that the dysregulation of epithelial cell proliferation takes part in their pathogenesis. Furthermore, macroscopically nonsuspected nasal polyp, usually benign tissue lesion, occasionally may be misdiagnosed such as neoplasm. Only a few studies have undertaken the subject of cell proliferation in nonneoplastic respiratory epithelium. We examined 30 nasal polyps specimens by immunohistochemistry to recognize the expression of nuclear antigen present in proliferating cells, using rabbit anti-human Ki-67 antigen. Our study revealed significantly higher Ki-67 index in nasal polyps than in nasal mucosa (p < 0.005, tab.I). Based on this findings it seems that increased epithelial cell proliferation and chronic inflammation generate the lesion of the nasal mucosa leading to nasal polyps formation.

Cell Proliferation↗
PubMed2005

[Detection of glucocorticoid receptor-alpha mRNA expression using FQ-RT-PCR in nasal polyp].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor-alpha (GR-alpha) mRNA in nasal polyp and normal nasal mucosa and investigate the significance of GR-alpha in progression of nasal polyp. METHOD: The expression of GR-alpha mRNA in 36 samples of nasal polyp and 31 samples of normal nasal mucosa was examined by using fluorescent quantitative PCR(FQ RT-PCR). RESULT: The GR-alpha mRNA levels in normal nasal mucosa [(135.4 +/- 5.2) x 10(10) copy/g] were significantly higher than those in nasal polyp [(25.5 +/- 5.0) x 10(10) copy/g] (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The low expression of GR-alpha mRNA in nasal polyp is related to the progression of nasal polyp.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Expressions of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in epithelial cells of nasal polyps and normal turbinate mucosae].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in human nasal polyps. METHOD: CFTR were studied in 28 cases of nasal polyps and 7 cases of normal turbinate mucosae with immunochemistry staining. RESULT: (1) CFTR was detected in the two tissues and localized mainly in epithelial cells and secretory cells. Its staining showed a more prominent feature in nasal polyps than in normal turbinate mucosae. CFTR showed a typical apical distribution in the normal turbinate mucosae whereas, in the nasal polyps, CFTR demonstrated the other pattern of localization comprising cytoplasmic distribution and typical apical location. (2) Both the CFTR staining intensity of apical and cytoplasmic distribution in the epithelial cell layer from nasal polyps were higher than those from turbinates (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 respectively). CONCLUSION: Over expression and dysfunction of the chloride channels CFTR may play a role in the formation of nasal polyps.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Gastric outlet obstruction due to giant hyperplastic gastric polyps.

Hyperplastic gastric polyps account for the majority of benign gastric polyps. The vast majority of these lesions are small, asymptomatic, and found incidentally on radiologic or endoscopic examination. Giant hyperplastic gastric polyps are uncommon and most of them are asymptomatic. A 73-year-old man presented with a 6 cm pedunculated hyperplastic polyp that had led to progressive gastric outlet obstruction. It had a distinctive appearance on double-contrast barium studies, appearing as a conglomerate mass with smooth and multiple lobulated components and trapping of barium in the interstices between lobules. Endoscopy and computed tomography revealed similar features. Although hyperplastic gastric polyps are typically benign, total removal of this giant polyp should be undertaken in cases of symptomatic gastric outlet obstruction, followed by pathologic confirmation of benign nature.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies in cases of stomach polyps].

UNLABELLED: The goal of the study was to study the content of anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies (at-HP), their diagnostic and prognostic significance for stomach polyps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The content of anti-Helicobacter antibodies (IgG-HP; IgA-HP; IgM + IgG + IgA-CagA-HP) was determined in the blood serum by way of immune-enzyme analysis of 46 patients with stomach polyps. Such test systems as EcoLab (Elektrostal) and Vector-Best (Novosibirsk) were used. RESULTS: Stomach polyps are accompanied by a regular increase of at-HP--serologic markers of helicobacteriosis content in the blood serum. The most significant increase in terms of percentage and absolute values is the IgG-HP concentration increase (88%, average titre 1: 1060, in the control group--1: 110) and summary (IgM + IgG + IgA) antibodies to CagA-HP (86%, average titre 1 : 180, in the control group 1 : 10), while the IgA-HP level is increased in 46%, average titre 1 : 660, in the control group 1 : 120). The IgG-HP content increase reflects the inflammatory process intensity, IgA-HP--atrophic process intensity, (IgM + IgG + IgA)-CagA-HP--1 intensity of proliferative processes of stomach polyps. CONCLUSION: The at-HP content increase is a diagnostic criterion for helicobacteriosis and reflects the intensity of infectious, inflammatory, atrophic and proliferative processes in cases of stomach polyps. A multiple long-lasting increase of the at-HP concentration may be one of the indications for administering an antihelicobacter stomach polyp therapy including administration before polypectomy.

Aged↗