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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Presence of Chlamydophila psittaci DNA in the central nervous system of a patient with status epilepticus.

This study reports an extraordinarily severe and prolonged course of neuroornithosis with generalized status epilepticus as an initial symptom. Direct invasion of the central nervous system by Chlamydophila psittaci was confirmed by the demonstration of specific DNA in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid. The patient recovered slowly under administration of doxycycline.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Inclusion keratoconjunctivitis ('pink eye') in sheep. A proposal for a new name for chlamydial keratoconjunctivitis in sheep and comment on recent clinical trials.

The cytoplasmatic inclusion bodies, which, in 1931, Coles discovered in the corneal cells of sheep suffering from contagious keratoconjunctivitis are now considered to be the reticulate bodies of a chlamydia, Colesiota conjunctivae (synonym: Chlamydia psittaci ovis). According to the postulates of Koch Colesiota conjunctivae is a primary cause of contagious keratoconjunctivitis in sheep, but the clinical picture is complex and is a result of the interaction between the infecting chlamydiae, host resistance factors, and secondary infections caused by opportunistic bacterial ocular pathogens. The clinical syndrome might also be caused by other micro-organisms, such as Mycoplasma conjunctivae or environmental factors, such as dust. However, in these cases, cytoplasmatic inclusion bodies cannot be found in the corneal cells of diseased eyes. To differentiate chlamydial keratoconjunctivitis from keratoconjunctivitis due to other causes, it is proposed to include in the name the laboratory findings typical for this disease: Sheep Inclusion Keratoconjunctivitis. Chlamydia are Gram-negative bacteria, which are obligate intracellular parasites. Prolonged treatment seems to be required to eradicate chlamydiae from a host and antibiotics must reach intracellular levels that are higher than their minimum inhibitory concentration for chlamydiae. Tetracyclines are the drugs of choice. This means that for a microbiological cure, diseased sheep must be injected several times a day for a week or more. Because the disease is usually self-limiting and economic losses are considered low, this seems unnecessary and control of the disease by local treatment of secondary infections seems sufficient. However, this will not prevent spreading of the disease in a herd and relapses may occur.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Severe community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical organisms.

Three cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), requiring intensive care admission, are presented. The clinical picture of a "typical" bacterial pneumonia in the three patients led to an initial empirical treatment with amoxicillin clavulanic acid or 2(nd) generation cephalosporins. The treatment had to be changed in all three because of clinical failure. Erythromycin was added to the therapy with good clinical evolution. Serology confirmed atypical organisms to be responsible. Only the chest X-ray might have suggested an "atypical" or a "viral-like" agent. A proposition is made for an empirical combination of antibiotics in severely ill patients with CAP with more than unilobar consolidation.

Adult↗
PubMed1953

Studies on the psittacosislymphogranuloma group. III. The effect of aureomycin on the propagation of virus in the chick embryo.

The findings presented indicate that aureomycin could become associated with tissue of the chick embryo by both hematogenous distribution and direct adsorption. Treatment of chick embryos infected with MP virus with 1 mg. of aureomycin by the allantoic route caused an inhibition of virus growth in the allantoic membrane. The drug had no effect on "inert" virus, and appeared to have little effect on adsorption of virus to host tissue. Complete inhibition of growth during the time interval corresponding to the first cycle of multiplication could be achieved only if the drug was administered within 6 to 8 hours after virus inoculation. Partial inhibition of virus multiplication could be achieved even if the administration was delayed as late as 24 hours after infection. In these experiments the chief role of the antibiotic appeared to be one of virustasis reflected in a prolongation of the latent period (non-infectious phase). The virus was able to resume its growth when a critical low level of the drug in the allantoic membrane was reached. When infectivity titrations were carried out using various tissues and organs of treated and untreated embryos, it was found that no virus was detectable in the brains of treated embryos as late as 192 hours after inoculation of virus. This was in contrast with the findings in allantoic membranes and livers of such embryos; these organs showed virus at 120 and 144 hours, respectively. In untreated controls, virus appeared in membranes at 24 hours, in the liver at 48 hours, and in the brain at 72 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Chronic follicular conjunctivitis associated with Chlamydia psittaci or Chlamydia pneumoniae.

We determined whether patients with chronic conjunctivitis in whom direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) tests revealed genus-specific chlamydial antigens (but not species-specific Chlamydia trachomatis antigens) were infected with Chlamydia psittaci or Chlamydia pneumoniae. Patients were divided into a case group of possible non-trachomatis chlamydial conjunctivitis and a control group of nonchlamydial conjunctivitis on the basis of examination and DFA testing. Species-specific primers were used to amplify C. trachomatis, C. psittaci, and C. pneumoniae DNA with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Four (27%) of 15 samples from the case group were positive for C. psittaci or C. pneumoniae DNA, whereas none of 24 control samples were positive. Sequencing revealed a C. pneumoniae, an avian C. psittaci, and two mammalian C. psittaci strains. A short course of oral antibiotic treatment appears to be inadequate for patients with non-trachomatis chlamydial conjunctivitis. Ocular infections due to C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci may be more common than previously recognized and can be identified by DFA and PCR.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Diagnosis of ornithosis by cell culture and polymerase chain reaction in a patient with chronic pneumonia.

We report the case of a woman who had pneumonia due to Chlamydia psittaci. A Chlamydia species was determined to be the causative agent of the pneumonia because it was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, because it could be detected in lung biopsy specimens by the direct immunofluorescence technique, and because Chlamydia-specific antibodies could be detected by ELISA and microimmunofluorescence. The infectious agent could not be identified at the species level with use of serological techniques, but the isolate was determined to be C. psittaci by PCR with use of species- and genus-specific sequences within the chlamydial lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis gene gseA. The case reported herein exemplifies the problems encountered in diagnosing ornithosis and shows that isolation of the etiologic agent followed by identification of the species by PCR is helpful in diagnosing this rare disease. In addition, the findings in our case show that laboratory personnel who are conducting tests for Chlamydia pneumoniae should be aware of the risk of accidentally isolating highly infectious C. psittaci organisms.

Aged↗