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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Achromial pityriasis versicolor of the eyelid].

A 40-year-old man developed a white lesion of the eye, lid with fail of the eyelashes. The lesions are caused by Pityrosporum Orbiculare, a very common commensal of hair follicules. The hyphal forms are seen among the keratin.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Epidemiological survey of skin diseases in schoolchildren living in the Purus Valley (Acre State, Amazonia, Brazil).

A total of 9,955 schoolchildren aged 6-16 years have been examined in a tropical region. The prevalence of dermatosis varied from 21 to 87% in the municipalities surveyed. The most common dermatoses were pediculosis (prevalence 50%), nevi (16.8%), pityriasis versicolor (13.2%), pyoderma (12.2%), pityriasis alba (9.9%), dermatophytosis (6.2%), viral dermatosis (6.2%), scabies (3.0%) and acne vulgaris (2.7%). The prevalence of angular stomatitis, miliaria rubra, candidiasis, piedra nigra, keratosis pilaris, ephelides and geographic tongue is lower but still relatively high. Females had higher rates of pediculosis capitis and males higher prevalence of pityriasis alba. The prevalence of pityriasis versicolor, pigmented nevus and scabies was similar in males and females. Folliculitis, macular pigmented nevi and especially pityriasis versicolor tended to increase with age. Leprosy is hyperendemic in the surveyed area and its rate in the schoolchildren examined was 0.08%. Population movement (urbanization), socioeconomic situation, living conditions, promiscuity, and lack of hygiene may be the cause of such high prevalence and of association of two or more skin conditions. Climatic conditions might have enhanced the prevalence of certain dermatoses (pityriasis versicolor, dermatophytosis, piedra nigra, candidiasis, miliaria rubra).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Lipoxygenase activity of Pityrosporum in vitro and in vivo.

Lipid peroxidation has been investigated both in cultures of Pityrosporum supplemented with different lipid classes and in skin surface lipids from patients affected with pityriasis versicolor. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and 2 spectrophotometric methods were used: the indirect thiobarbituric acid test and the direct N,N-diethyl-1,4-phenylene-diammonium sulfate (DEPD) test. The coupling of the DEPD test with the TLC technique performed by different eluent systems allowed the detection of the specific lipoperoxides deriving from the oxidation of the different lipid classes. In the cultures, Pityrosporum was capable of peroxidating not only unsaturated free fatty acids, but also unsaturated triglycerides, cholesterol, and squalene. A similar lipid peroxidation was observed in patients with pityriasis versicolor in skin lipids from areas positive for fungal hyphae and spores and fluorescent under the UV lamp (366 nm). The lipoperoxide values were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than in skin lipids from normal controls. Hyphae and spore-negative areas of patients with pityriasis versicolor, whether apparently normal or achromic, showed no evidence of a significant lipid peroxidation and neither did skin areas of patients with pityriasis alba. Though further investigations are necessary, it seems reasonable to suggest, in analogy with other biologic systems, that the presence in skin lipids of a significant amount of highly reactive and cytotoxic lipoperoxides may play a role in the pathogenesis of skin alterations in pityriasis versicolor, including damage to melanocytes and resulting achromia.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1996

Corneocytes in scaly parakeratotic diseases.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The stratum corneum of some of the scaly (parakeratotic) diseases was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with the purpose to reveal the importance of this layer in the diagnosis of some of the diseases associated with the formation of scales. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two biopsies of the skin surface were taken: one, obtained from 80 patients with various parakeratotic scaly diseases and from 25 control subjects, was processed for light microscopy; the other biopsy for SEM was taken from 10 control subjects and 25 patients. The diagnoses of these patients were: psoriasis (5 patients), erythrodermic psoriasis (2 subjects), parapsoriasis (5 patients), pityriasis rubra pilaris (5 subjects), pityriasis rosea (3 subjects), and seborrheic dermatitis (5 subjects). RESULTS: The light microscopic studies showed that normal corneocytes are of polygonal shape with their largest diameter measuring 42 microns; these cells lacked nuclei. All parakeratotic cells appeared bizarre in shape, smaller than normal, and the cells contained a nucleus. With SEM, normal cells appeared relatively regular in size and shape, trabeculated, and had a flat surface. Cells examined in all the diseases revealed various sizes, outlines, and trabeculae. Specific surface patterns (print) of diseased cells were: "fish-scale" in psoriasis; "marbled" in parapsoriasis, "rocky stone" in pityriasis rubra pilaris; "heart-shaped" in seborrheic dermatitis, and semicrystalloid in pityriasis rosea. CONCLUSIONS: Parakeratosis is characterized not only by the retention of the nucleus in keratinocytes, but is also characterized by a cell of smaller size. The specific print of a disease helps in the diagnosis. The print will change with different stages of a disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2005

Malassezin, a novel agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor from the yeast Malassezia furfur, induces apoptosis in primary human melanocytes.

Pityriasis versicolor is the most common skin mycosis in humans worldwide. Yeasts of the genus Malassezia, particularly M. furfur, a saprophyte occurring widely on human skin, are generally regarded as the causative agents. Pityriasis versicolor is often accompanied by a long-lasting depigmentation that persists even after successful antimycotic therapy. M. furfur is able to convert tryptophan into a variety of indole alkaloids, some of them showing biological properties that correlate well with certain clinical features of pityriasis versicolor. This suggests a possible role for these compounds in the depigmentation process. We now report that human melanocytes undergo apoptosis when exposed to the crude mixture of tryptophan metabolites from M. furfur. The active compound was identified as malassezin, previously isolated by us from the same source and characterized as an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. The compound could, therefore, contribute to the marked depigmentation observed during the course of pityriasis versicolor.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1990

Itraconazole in the treatment of superficial mycoses--a double-blind study vs. placebo.

Ninety-four patients with dermatophytosis and 16 patients with pityriasis versicolor were assigned under double-blind conditions to oral itraconazole (100 mg once daily) or placebo. The medication consisted of two capsules, each containing 50 mg of active substance, or placebo and was given for 15 or 30 days in patients with dermatophytosis and for 15 days in patients with pityriasis versicolor. Patients with pityriasis versicolor who had not responded at the end of the double-blind period were treated on an open basis with itraconazole (100 mg once daily) for 15 days. In the treatment of dermatophyte infections for 30 days, both clinical response and mycological cure were significantly superior in the itraconazole group compared with placebo. Oral administration of itraconazole (100 mg once daily) was also highly efficacious in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor. None of the placebo patients was clinically or mycologically cured at the end of the double-blind phase compared to seven out of eight itraconazole patients. All placebo patients who entered the open phase responded to itraconazole treatment. Three itraconazole-treated patients and nine placebo-treated patients reported side-effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Physiopathological approach to seborrhea of the scalp].

Objective assessment of seborrhea of the scalp has seldom been reported in the literature. We have used a variant of the method described by Saint-Léger and Lévêque to measure the sebum excretion rate in normal scalp, male pattern alopecia, pityriasis amiantacea, pityriasis capitis and alopecia areata. The sebum excretion rate was significantly increased in male pattern alopecia, significantly decreased in pityriasis amiantacea and showed a trend towards reduction in alopecia areata. Pityriasis capitis was not associated with changes in the excretion of sebum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Papulosquamous diseases: a review.

Papulosquamous diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders whose etiology primarily is unknown. The nosology of these disorders is based on a descriptive morphology of clinical lesions characterized by scaly papules and plaques. The major entities in this group include psoriasis, parapsoriasis (including pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta), lichen planus, lichen nitidus, lichen striatus, pityriasis rosea, pityriasis rubra pilaris, seborrheic dermatitis, and the Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. Many other conditions may become papulosquamous and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1986

Different in situ distribution patterns of dendritic cells having Langerhans (T6+) and interdigitating (RFD1+) cell immunophenotype in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and other inflammatory dermatoses.

Dendritic cells bearing Langerhans cell (OKT6+) or interdigitating cell (RFD1+) immunophenotype may be regularly detected within the dermis of chronic skin diseases characterized by a lymphohistiocytic (lymphoreticular) infiltrate. These 2 subsets of antigen-presenting cells within the dermis of lesions of exacerbating chronic plaque psoriasis, exacerbating nummular dermatitis (discoid eczema), atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, lichen ruber planus, and cutaneous lupus erythematosus were quantified using computer-assisted morphometry. The mean dendrite length per dermal dendritic cell was significantly higher for RFD1 than for OKT6 (74.4 +/- 0.98 microns vs 70.0 +/- 1.26 microns: p = 0.0023). The mean dendrite length per dermal dendritic cell was remarkably constant for each marker in the various diagnostic categories studied. Disease-specific patterns of total dendrite length and number (expressed per 100 infiltrating mononuclear cells) of these 2 dendritic cell types within the subepidermal infiltrates were obtained. Pityriasis rosea was characterized by its unique high percentage of OKT6+ Langerhans cells. Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis had relatively high percentages of both RFD1+ interdigitating cells and OKT6+ Langerhans cells. Nummular dermatitis had an intermediate number and total dendrite length for OKT6, but was relatively low in RFD1+ cells. Allergic contact dermatitis, lichen planus, and lupus erythematosus had low numbers and dendrite lengths for both dendritic cell subsets. It is suggested that pityriasis rosea is characterized by an abnormal migration pattern of Langerhans cells. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis may be examples of diseases in which skin-localized antigen-presenting and T-cell-inducing events are continuously taking place. The other diseases may reflect inflammatory processes in which local antigen presentation is less relevant to the tissue reaction.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed2003

[Studies on the novel association of human herpesvirus-7 with skin diseases].

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Human herpesvirus 7 in pityriasis rosea, this and other viruses in papular-purpuric gloves-and-socks syndrome have been implicated, but their primary or recurrent infections are still in question. PATIENT AND METHODS: In one available blood sample, therefore, IgM, IgG and its high avidity fraction characteristic for recurrent infections were quantitated by indirect immunofluorescence. Peripheral lymphocytes were subjected to nested polymerase chain reaction to detect viral DNA, or cocultivated with several cell cultures. RESULTS: One third of 33 pityriasis rosea patients had elevated IgM, another third had elevated IgG without high avidity molecules to human herpesvirus 7 suggesting primary infection. Thirty percent of controls, more than half of the patients had virtual DNA in their lymphocytes, but only one in 5 skin biopsy specimens were PCR positive. All three co-cultivation attempts yielded viruses extremely rapidly, verified by electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction and monoclonal antibodies as human herpesvirus 7. These are the first isolates in the geographical regions of Hungary. These data suggest that pityriasis rosea is the consequence of a primary human herpesvirus 7 infection in seronegative adults, and only occasionally is due to virus reactivation. One patient with gloves-and-socks syndrome had an acute, another patient had a persistent coinfection with human herpesvirus 7 and parvovirus B19, two others had a primary herpesvirus 7 infection. Interestingly, this disease might be elicited by both viruses individually or in synergism. CONCLUSION: Neither human herpesvirus 7 nor parvovirus B19 infect skin cells, but both can be detected in the infiltrating lymphocytes of skin eruptions, in which they induce an altered mediator production, that might be responsible for the general and local symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical trial of a topical preparation containing urea, sunflower oil, evening primrose oil, wheat germ oil and sodium pyruvate, in several hyperkeratotic skin conditions].

A topical clinical trial with preparations containing urea and sodium pyruvate has been made. It was used for diverse hyperkeratotic skin conditions (psoriasis, xerosis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, stuccokeratosis, seborrheic dermatitis, stasis dermatitis, pityriasis lichenoides chronica). A month later a clinical improvement was evident in all cases except in pityriasis lichenoides.

Administration, Topical↗