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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cryptosporidiosis and surface water.

In the period July through October, 1986, 78 laboratory-confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosis were identified in New Mexico. To determine possible risk factors for development of this disease, we conducted a case-control study; 24 case-patients and 46 neighborhood controls were interviewed. Seventeen (71 per cent) of the 24 case-patients were females, seven (29%) were males; their ages ranged from 4 months to 44 years, median 3 years. There was a strong association between drinking surface water and illness: five of the 24 case-patients, but none of the 46 controls drank untreated surface water. Among children, illness was also associated with attending a day care center where other children were ill (odds ratio = 13.1).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Changes in surgical treatments: the example of hysterectomy versus conization for cervical carcinoma in situ.

From 1969 through 1985, 4584 women in the state of New Mexico were diagnosed with carcinoma in situ of the cervix. Of these women, 65.5% underwent hysterectomy while 31.1% had a conservative therapy (primarily conization). Over the 17-year period, there was a steady increase in the percentage of women receiving conservative therapies, from 11.8% in 1969 to 50.3% in 1985. Younger women, unmarried women and American Indian women were more likely to receive conservative therapy. This marked shift in therapeutic approach occurred during a time of apparent controversy as to the optimal treatment for cervical carcinoma in situ, and illustrates a rapid change in surgical practice in the absence of any controlled trials comparing the two major treatment modalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The collaborative practice of dental hygiene.

This paper discusses the collaborative practice of dental hygiene, primarily using examples from California and New Mexico. Several advantages are discussed, including an increased access to all populations and more respect for the field. The earliest roles of a dental hygienist reflect common components of a collaborative practice. Responsibilities of dental hygienists today as educators and preventive dental providers are also tied to this type of practice. Currently, few states in the USA allow such practices; however, benefits are discussed and the positive effects noted. Opposition to these practices exists, although the concerns have not been proven accurate. Collaborative dental hygiene practices are shown to be a positive avenue through which the population can gain access to noted provider shortages, as well as a rewarding option for the field of dental hygiene.

California↗
PubMed1986

Choice of cancer therapy varies with age of patient.

We used data on 22,899 cancer cases collected by the New Mexico Tumor Registry to examine the relationship between patient age and the use of potentially curative therapy for cancers of selected sites and acute leukemias. For cancers of most sites, either local or regional stage, the proportion of cases receiving potentially curative therapy declined with age. For local-stage cancers, the proportion not given any treatment increased with age. Overall mortality rates during the first year after diagnosis were much higher for local-stage cases without treatment than for those who received treatment. These data show that cancer therapy varies with age and suggest that decision making regarding therapy is influenced by the presence of other diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Soil as a source of indoor 220Rn.

Two suggestions for sources of indoor 220Rn (thoron) have appeared in the literature: 1) building materials and outside air, and 2) soil beneath the house. Due to the difficulty of 220Rn measurement and limited data, both suggestions lack sufficient supporting evidence. We have investigated sources of indoor 220Rn in seven occupied houses in northern New Mexico, U.S. A two-filter system was used to measure indoor 220Rn levels continuously, and 220Rn progeny were measured with single filters and specialized alpha-track detectors. The amount of 220Rn entry from soil was curtailed by cutting off soil gas flow to the indoor air with subfloor depressurization mitigation systems. Four of the houses showed significant reductions in 220Rn with mitigation systems on. The average effect for these houses was to reduce indoor 220Rn levels by 70%. The other three houses had no clear reductions but in one of these houses, the mitigation system was not effective for stopping soil gas flow. Our results provide some of the most clear evidence to date supporting soil as an important source of indoor 220Rn.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed2003

Occupational health nurses' educational needs: what do they want?

Educational preferences, impediments to obtaining an education, and the needs of occupational health nurses are not well understood. The purposes of this regional study were to determine the graduate and continuing educational preferences, impediments, and needs of occupational health nurses in the states of Texas, New Mexico, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma. Questionnaires (1,172) were mailed to all occupational health nurses identified by the respective state boards of nursing (N = 5). Results from 256 (response rate of 21.8%) returned questionnaires show 43.8% were interested in obtaining a graduate degree in occupational health nursing while only 48.8% of employers encourage them to obtain a higher degree. Only 33.2% reported the company for which they work provides rewards for obtaining an advanced degree or certification as an occupational health nurse. The two greatest impediments to obtaining a graduate degree as an occupational health nurse were a long distance from campus (56.3%) and lack of money (37.9%).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cancer incidence in the Western United States: ethnic differences.

Incidence rates of selected cancer sites reported by the California Tumor Registry and the New Mexico Tumor Registry are analyzed to study ethnic differences in cancer in the United States. The white majority population shows high incidence of lung and breast cancers. Black males show the highest prostatic cancer rate. Data also confirm the unusually high incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer and low prostatic cancer rates among Chinese males. The Japanese have the highest stomach cancer incidence among all the ethnic groups analyzed. A comparison with the cancer incidence in the same ethnic groups in their native countries reveals the impact of environmental or cultural changes on lung, breast, and stomach cancers, and a possible genetic influence on the high incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer among the Chinese population in the United States.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1994

Self-esteem, social support, and satisfaction differences in women with adequate and inadequate prenatal care.

This descriptive, retrospective study examined levels of self-esteem, social support, and satisfaction with prenatal care in 193 low-risk postpartal women who obtained adequate and inadequate care. The participants were drawn from a regional medical center and university teaching hospital in New Mexico. A demographic questionnaire, the Coopersmith self-esteem inventory, the personal resource questionnaire part 2, and the prenatal care satisfaction inventory were used for data collection. Significant differences were found in the level of education, income, insurance, and ethnicity between women who received adequate prenatal care and those who received inadequate care. Women who were likely to seek either adequate or inadequate prenatal care were those whose total family income was $10,000 to $19,999 per year and high school graduates. Statistically significant differences were found in self-esteem, social support, and satisfaction between the two groups of women. Strategies to enhance self-esteem and social support have to be developed to reach women at risk for receiving inadequate prenatal care.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Substance abuse intervention for health care workers: a preliminary report.

The Workplace Managed Care Cooperative Agreement project targets 3,300 health care professionals in hospital, specialty clinic, and primary care settings located in metropolitan New Mexico communities. This project will evaluate whether enhancements to existing substance abuse prevention/early intervention programs can prevent the onset of risky drinking, reduce prevalence of risky drinking, better identify employees who abuse alcohol and drugs, and improve employee wellness. This article describes one such enhancement (Project WISE [Workplace Initiative in Substance Education]), implemented at Lovelace Health Systems. Project WISE includes relatively low-cost elements such as substance abuse awareness training, information on how to reduce drinking, and brief motivational counseling. Evaluation will consist of baseline comparisons of the intervention and comparison sites, a process evaluation, a qualitative analysis using focus groups, and an outcome evaluation using health and work records. Methodological challenges, solutions, and implications for researchers undertaking similar projects are presented.

Counseling↗
PubMed1999

Health practices of adult Hispanic women.

The purpose of this focused ethnography was to discover the patterns and variability of health practices used by Hispanic women aged 20-40 years. Seven adult Hispanic women from an urban New Mexico county were interviewed four to seven times each about their health practices. The women described their views of good health. They were aware of current health promotion practices such as good nutrition and exercise. They also practised safety measures for themselves and their families. These women did not report any information on specific cultural disease prevention behaviours and described few practices related to their Hispanic culture. A theme that also emerged from the data was an emphasis on the importance of spirituality and the integration of the spiritual dimension as important to healthy living. Implications for health care providers include knowing that urban adult Hispanic women are versed in contemporary health literature and take better care of their families than of themselves.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Uranium mining and lung cancer in Navajo men.

We performed a population-based case-control study to examine the association between uranium mining and lung cancer in Navajo men, a predominantly nonsmoking population. The 32 cases included all those occurring among Navajo men between 1969 and 1982, as ascertained by the New Mexico Tumor Registry. For each case in a Navajo man, two controls with nonrespiratory cancer were selected. Of the 32 Navajo patients, 72 per cent had been employed as uranium miners, whereas no controls had documented experience in this industry. The lower 95 per cent confidence limit for the relative risk of lung cancer associated with uranium mining was 14.4. Information on cigarette smoking was available for 21 of the 23 affected uranium miners; eight were nonsmokers and median consumption by the remainder was one to three cigarettes daily. These results demonstrate that in a rural nonsmoking population most of the lung cancer may be attributable to one hazardous occupation.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Ancient maize from Chacoan great houses: where was it grown?

In this article, we compare chemical (87Sr/86Sr and elemental) analyses of archaeological maize from dated contexts within Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, to potential agricultural sites on the periphery of the San Juan Basin. The oldest maize analyzed from Pueblo Bonito probably was grown in an area located 80 km to the west at the base of the Chuska Mountains. The youngest maize came from the San Juan or Animas river floodplains 90 km to the north. This article demonstrates that maize, a dietary staple of southwestern Native Americans, was transported over considerable distances in pre-Columbian times, a finding fundamental to understanding the organization of pre-Columbian southwestern societies. In addition, this article provides support for the hypothesis that major construction events in Chaco Canyon were made possible because maize was brought in to support extra-local labor forces.

Archaeology↗
PubMed2005

Space-time clusters with flexible shapes.

INTRODUCTION: Detection of space-time clusters plays an important role in epidemiology and public health. Different approaches for detecting space-time clusters have been proposed and implemented. Many of these approaches are based on the spatial scan statistic formulation. One key aspect of these cluster detection methods is the choice of cluster shape. OBJECTIVES: In this report, the effect of using flexible shapes for clusters is explored by discussing the issues that need to be considered and evaluated. METHODS: The first issue is the flexibility of the shape and its ability to model the disease cluster being studied. Another subtle and related factor is that with a more flexible shape, clusters can appear more often by chance, which will be reflected in the p value obtained through Monte Carlo hypothesis testing. Choosing more complex cluster shapes can affect the computational requirements and also constrain the cluster detection approaches that could be applied. RESULTS: The New Mexico brain cancer data set is used to illustrate the tradeoffs. The analysis of these data should not be construed as a comprehensive investigation from the public health perspective. The data set is used to illustrate and compare clusters with two different shapes, cylinder and square pyramid. The results indicate the insights that can be gained from these shapes, individually and collectively. CONCLUSION: The domain expert should choose the cluster shape, being aware of the disease being modeled and the analysis goals. For example, a flexible shape like the square pyramid can model either growth or shrinkage and movement of the disease and might provide insights on its origin. In addition, performing the analyses with more than one shape can lead to increased insights regarding the disease cluster.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Fatal ethanol intoxication from household products not intended for ingestion.

Fatal acute ethanol intoxication is frequently encountered in medicolegal practice. Although the vast majority of acute ethanol toxicity deaths follow the ingestion of conventional alcoholic beverages, ethanol can be obtained from a variety of commercial products, which often contain high levels of ethyl alcohol but are not manufactured or designed for consumption. Such products may be easily purchased in locales where statutory limitations restrict liquor availability on Sundays or during the early morning hours. Several acute ethanol fatalities have been encountered in New Mexico that were directly related to consumption of non-beverage ethanol-containing products, all of them occurring during times when alcoholic beverage sales were restricted. Despite the fact that manufacturers deliberately include compounds in these products that discourage ingestion, this policy apparently does little to deter individuals who are searching for a source of ethanol when no conventional beverages are available. The products that were consumed in these fatalities also contained other compounds which would be toxic at much greater concentrations, but which were inconsequential in their effects in comparison with the direct toxic effect of ethanol. Investigation of the scene and awareness that alcohol-containing products can be fatally abused are essential to detecting these unconventional ethanol sources.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Creating a satisfying practice setting for physicians. The experience of a hospital-based group practice.

Medical groups are challenged to develop a satisfying context for physicians to deliver patient care. This article reports on the efforts of the Lovelace Medical Center and the Lovelace Clinic, P.C. (professional corporation), in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to create a distinctive environment for its medical staff members. A job-design model is examined wherein core job characteristics and physician growth-need strength influence critical psychological states and satisfaction. The results of this longitudinal study suggest that from the perspective of primary care physicians, the practice setting at Lovelace has improved markedly between 1984 and 1990. In addition, fewer changes were observed for specialists, ostensibly due to extremely favorable perceptions of the practice setting at Lovelace during this time period. The implications of these results point primarily to the value of consciously designing and periodically monitoring the practice environment within medical groups.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

Tool-related injuries among amateur and professional woodworkers.

Although woodworking is a popular hobby and the woodworking industry employs thousands of workers nationwide, few studies have examined injuries associated with this activity, especially in relation to woodshop tool use. We conducted a survey of amateur and professional woodworkers (n = 283) in New Mexico to determine histories and rates of tool-specific injuries. Injuries associated with woodshop tool use were reported by 64% of all respondents. Hammers, chisels/gouges, and table saws were most frequently reported in association with injuries, although the highest tool-specific injury rates were associated with use of jointer-planers (4.9 injuries per 1000 person-hours of use), chisels/ gouges (3.3 injuries), and drill presses (3.1 injuries). One third reported tool use-associated injuries that were severe enough to require professional medical attention; 5% of all respondents suffered partial amputations. Courses in the safe use of shop tools may help to reduce rates of injuries among woodworkers.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2005

Patient requests and provider suggestions for alternative treatments as reported by rural and urban care providers.

OBJECTIVES: Explored the relationship between different types of care providers' willingness to suggest alternative and complementary treatments (CAM), patients' requests for CAM, and provider perceptions about CAM as barriers to effective healthcare. DESIGN: Large survey. SETTING: Alaska and New Mexico. MAIN MEASURES: Survey responses from 1528 physical and behavioral healthcare providers. RESULTS: Over 97% of providers suggested CAM; over 97% reported patients asked for CAM. Providers were more likely to suggest CAM than perceived CAM as a barrier to care. Healthcare providers who were female, from small rural areas, or specializing in behavioral healthcare were more likely to suggest CAM and less likely to perceive CAM as a barrier. Patients of physical healthcare providers asked for CAM more often than patients of behavioral healthcare providers, yet physical care providers suggested CAM less frequently. CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare providers of all disciplines, regions, and gender are sensitive to patients' desire for CAM and do not perceive CAM as a barrier to care.

Alaska↗
PubMed1999

Resolution of the long-term performance issues at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant.

The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is a geological repository for disposal of U.S. defense transuranic radioactive waste. Built and operated by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), it is located in the Permian age salt beds in southeastern New Mexico at a depth of 655 m. Performance assessment for the repository's compliance with the 10,000-year containment standards was completed in 1996 and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) certified in 1998 that the repository meets compliance with the EPA standards 40 CFR 191 and 40 CFR 194. The Environmental Evaluation Group (EEG) review of the DOE's application for certification identified a number of issues. These related to the scenarios, conceptual models, and values of the input parameters used in the calculations. It is expected that these issues will be addressed and resolved during the first 5-year recertification process that began with the first receipt of waste at WIPP on March 26, 1999, and scheduled to be completed in March 2004.

Geological Phenomena↗