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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Epizootic neoplasms in fishes from a lake polluted by copper mining wastes.

Examination of fishes from Torch Lake, Houghton County, Mich., revealed epizootic neoplasms of several types in two closely related species. Saugers, Stizostedion canadense, and walleyes, Stizostedion vitreum, were commonly affected with hepatocellular carcinomas, dermal ossifying fibromas, and perivisceral masses resembling mesotheliomas that were usually associated with the mesenteric capsule of the spleen. Saugers were 100% affected with liver neoplasms. Histopathologic and ultrastructural aspects of the neoplasms are described. Torch Lake has been used as a repository for copper mining waste to the extent that an estimated 20% of the original volume has been filled in by these materials. Several direct and indirect etiologic roles for the mine waste as causative agents of the fish tumors are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[The Permanent Safety and Health Commission for Coal Mines and other Extraction Industries].

After having congratulated the C.C.R. on the 25th anniversary of its foundation, the secretary of the Safety and Health Commission for the Mining and Other Extractive Industries, which also celebrates its silver jubilee, briefly exposes its history, composition and modus operandi. In essence the duties of the Safety and Health Commission are to propose measures to the governments to increase safety, firstly in mines and subsequently in all the extractive industries. Its working is based on eleven working parties where the best safety experts of the European extractive industries collaborate. The Commission is also empowered to make proposals for research, to promote safety campaigns and to organize information sessions for the industrial circles concerned. The positive appreciation and the active collaboration of these circles help the Safety and Health Commission to fulfill its task.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1983

Early detection of open fires and spontaneous combustion in mines.

Until fairly recently the detection of heatings was based on men seeing or smelling smoke and the laboratory analysis of mine air samples. Continuous monitoring of carbon monoxide by means of tube bundle systems has been a big step forward in detecting spontaneous combustion of coal and has found widespread acceptance in U.K. mines; general fire detection relies on shaft monitors. Both are based on infra-red analysers like the Unor CO-analysers that can be installed underground. In recent years British laboratories have developed and adapted several devices based on other principles: ionisation, semi-conductors, electro-chemical cells, thermistors, detection "thermal noise", infra-red imagers. All these instruments are briefly described by the authors in this paper presented by Mr. Makower.

Air↗
PubMed1984

Lung cancer among underground workers in the iron ore mine of Kiruna based on thirty years of observation.

A previous study showed a three-fold increase in the risk of dying from lung cancer among underground workers in the iron ore mine in Lapland. The present report describes a follow-up covering the period 1971-1980. On the basis of data obtained in both studies an attempt is made to examine the time trend and to estimate the lifetime risk of developing lung cancer from alpha radiation from the decay of radon and its daughter products. The risk of dying from lung cancer among underground workers was seven times the corresponding risk among all other men in the community. The calculated risks for the populations working underground in 1951-1970 and 1971-1980 (ages 30-74 years) were 9.2 and 13.1 cases per 10(6) person-years and working level month respectively. The corresponding calculated risk for ages 50-64 years for 1971-1980, was 22 cases. Based on the accumulated mortality from lung cancer among mine workers exposed to radon underground in 1921-1940, the expected excess number of lung cancers in the population exposed underground in 1951-1980 is 59. So far only a total of seven cases have been observed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vitamin supply of miners employed in modern highly-mechanized coal mines].

The author studied vitamin C, B2, B6, E, A and carotinoid supply of the miners of modern highly mechanized coal mines. The reduction in the supply of the miners with individual vitamins and frequent manifestations of the microsymptoms of their deficiency were of the microsymptoms of their deficiency were linked to a definite degree with high physiological requirements of the miners, associated with the specificity of work at highly mechanized mines.

Ascorbic Acid Deficiency↗
PubMed1984

[Medically diagnosed alcoholic morbidity in wine-producing and mining cantons of Languedoc].

The aim of this study is to evaluate the severity of medically diagnosed alcoholic disease in two regions of France, the Hérault region (wine producing) and the Gard region (mining), by means of a questionnaire filled in by 84 p. cent of general practitioners with a very low loss rate (7%). This is not a study of incidence, but an analysis of the morbidity observed and diagnosed in a large population sample. The survey detected 2,4 p. cent and 2,7 p. cent of the male population and 0,2 and 0,3 p. cent of the female population. The morbidity varies with age and sex and alcohol abuse was found to occur earlier in the mining region than in the wine producing region. Although there is no correlation between age and the frequency of consultations, the proportion of patients consulting for an alcohol related disease decreases with increasing age. The more advanced the alcohol related disease, the more difficult it is for the doctor to distinguish between symptoms which are due to aging and those due to alcohol. The doctor does not relate hypertension to alcoholism.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peripheral vascular manifestations and osteoarticular changes in mine drillers and lumber workers].

In order to find, inside the same vibration syndrome, likely differences of the pathology due to the different technological features of the vibrating tools, 42 forestry workers have been compared with 168 mine workers. No significant differences have been noticed, as concerns both osteoarticular lesions and photopletismography study of peripheral blood circulation; in mine workers a prevalence of lesions of the nail-folds capillaries has been noticed, according to the authors dependent on the higher energy of the vibrations brought out boring-machines.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Dust control in Belgian coal mines. Status at the beginning of 1983].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1983. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal treated by the classical methods of wet cutting and water infusion are given separately. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Belgium↗
PubMed1983

[Health status of the students of elementary mining and power engineering schools with special reference to arteriosclerosis and coronary disease risk factors].

The investigations were aimed at an evaluation of the health status of mining-and-power engineering school pupils from the viewpoint of classification to work at a strip mine and power station. Special attention was paid to the detection of possible causes of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease 811 boys aged 14--20 were examined. Their physical development was good. No pathologies in the respiratory tract were found. Hands force was normal. Of six analysed risk factors most frequent were: hypertension and smoking habit. The percentage of pupils affected was increasing with age: arterial hypertension (from 5.5% to 15.7%) and smoking habit (from 6.1% to 43.3%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The Viennese physician Ludwig Teleky (1872-1957) and his "History of factory and mine hygiene" (author's transl)].

This article has the intention to show the merits of the Viennese physician Ludwig Teleky (1872-1957). A short introduction characterizes Teleky in the words of Prof. Dr. med. Heinrich Zangger (Zürich), the founder of the "Archiv für Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene", as one of the most distinguished representatives of modern industrial medicine. His life-work comprises more than 350 treatises, monographs and papers of his pupils. It was realized--in collaboration with his wife--in practical and theoretical research--at three places: Vienna, Düsseldorf and New York. After the period of Vienna, where Teleky's interest was wide-spread to the whole field of social medicine, it focused (since about 1925) upon the problems of industrial medicine (factories, mining and trade). Finally the author analyzes shortly Teleky's latest book entitled "History of Factory and Mine Hygiene", which was written in New York (published 1950). It is mostly a historical review of the state of industrial reality in Germany, Great Britain and in the U.S.A., seen by a most experienced physician of public and industrial health. It also deals with the development in other countries (France, Italy etc.).

Austria↗
PubMed1980

[Dust control in the Belgian coal mines. Status at the start of the year 1980].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1980. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting and water infusion are given separately; in some cases two or more of these technics are used together on the same coal face. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Belgium↗
PubMed1980

The incidence of pneumoconiosis, mesothelioma and other respiratory cancer in men engaged in mining and milling crocidolite in Western Australia.

Previous employees of a mining company, engaged in mining of crocidolite at Wittenoom Gorge in Western Australia between 1943 and 1966, have been traced to determine their incidence of asbestos-related diseases. Of 6200 male employees, 220 (3.5%) have developed pneumoconiosis and 26 have developed pleural mesothelioma. No cases of peritoneal mesothelioma have been identified. Prior to 1978, 60 men had died from respiratory cancer other than mesothelioma, compared with 38.25 expected from the mortality experience of all Western Australian males. The incidence of pneumoconiosis and mesothelioma and the mortality from other respiratory cancer all increased with duration of employment, interval from first employment, and level of occupational exposure, indicating a strong relationship between intensity of asbestos exposure and these diseases. The mortality ratio for respiratory cancer, excluding mesothelioma (1.57), was nearly twice that for all nonrespiratory causes of death, suggesting a two-fold increase in mortality from respiratory cancer compared with all Western Australian males. Variation of mortality from respiratory cancer by duration of employment and occupational exposure suggests that at least 30% of respiratory cancer deaths other than mesothelioma may be due to asbestos exposure. The major part of this excess is accounted for by respiratory cancer occurring in men with previously diagnosed pneumoconiosis.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1981

[Physical development and health status of students of the Vocational Mining School in Belchatów].

The paper was aimed at an evaluation of the physical development and health status of pupils of Vocational Mining School -- the future workers of the Brown Coal Mine and Power Station in Belchatów. The study covered 257 pupils aged 15 -- 19. The studies indicated that the physical development of the pupils examined is correct. In some of them the following deviations have been found: arterial hypertension, dental caries, decreased acuity of vision. In most cases the muscular force has been lowered. On the other hand, no pathologies of the respiratory system have been found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Lung function among employees of a copper mine smelter: lack of effect of chronic sulfur dioxide exposure.

Lung function among 599 white male employees of a southeastern Tennessee copper mine/smelter operation was compared according to smoking history and occupational experience. The job categories compared included employees with work histories in low sulfur dioxide [SO2] environments (both underground mining and non-mining), in high SO2 exposure work areas, and in those with transient exposure to SO2. Miners with low SO2 exposure were found to have lower lung function indices (both FVC AND FEV1) than did employees in other job categories. Smoking history was strongly associated with low FEV1. After adjusting for smoking history, cumulative long-term exposure to SO2 was not demonstrated to contribute to decreased lung function.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1978

[Dust control in Belgian coal mines. Status at the beginning of 1978].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1978. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting, water infusion and wet pneumatic picks, are given separately; in some cases two or more of these technics are used together on the same coal face. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Coal Mining↗
PubMed1994

Lung cancer mortality among female mine workers exposed to silica.

A mortality cohort study (1951-1988) was conducted on 526 female workers in two lead and zinc mines in southwestern Sardinia (Italy), 310 of whom had been exposed to silica. Women exposed to silica showed a nonsignificant 38% increase in the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for nonmalignant respiratory diseases, which was highest and statistically significant among women at the mine with the highest exposure to silica (SMR = 217; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 104, 400; based on 10 observed and 4.6 expected deaths). Five deaths from lung cancer also occurred among those exposed to silica (SMR = 283; 95% CI = 91,660), but the excess was not related to the level or duration of exposure. No information was available concerning lifestyle risk factors in this cohort. However, smoking was quite rare among Sardinian women at the time cohort members worked, so it may be presumed that very few of them were smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The prevalence of neuropsychic pathology among underground coal mine workers].

The prevalence [correction of incidence] rate and types of mental and nervous diseases were studied in a clinico-epidemiological survey which entered 3400 able minors from the Kuznetsk coal mines. A lot of miners were found suffering from borderline exogenic-organic diseases which may be related to high occurrence of traumas in the mine. The rates of the diseases established by the survey surpassed greatly the registered rates. This says in favor of more profound and careful medical examinations in occupational selection. The data on the nervous and mental disease prevalence [correction of incidence] in various age, occupational and service groups provide information for establishing risk groups which need preventive and treatment measures to prolong the time of underground work capacity of miners.

Adult↗