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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Identification of trisomy in Macaca fascicularis by fluorescence in situ hybridization with a human chromosome 13 DNA library.

A juvenile macaque monkey with abnormal phenotypic and behavioral features was studied cytogenetically. An additional autosome was found in over 90% of the animal's cultured cells. This chromosome, subsequently identified as number 16 in the macaque karyotype by G-banding, was shown to be mostly homologous with human chromosome 13 using fluorescence in situ hybridization of a human chromosome specific cosmid library. Although the monkey, now deceased, exhibited some abnormal physical and behavioral features, none of the severe clinical characteristics associated with human chromosome 13 trisomy were apparent. We suggest that the incomplete expression of 13-trisomy observed could result if the macaque chromosome were deficient in some of the region(s) of chromosome 13 common to humans affected with the disorder.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Experimentally induced herpesvirus SA 8-pneumonia (bronchopneumonia) in Kenya baboons (papio cynocephalus) (author's transl)].

Captive baboons of three age groups were experimentally infected with Herpesvirus SA 8-strain 0430. Intravenous inoculation of the virus induced minor, transient, interstitial pneumonia of a nonspecific type in newborn baboons. Intratracheal inoculation, in contrast, invariably produced multifocal or diffuse necrotizing inclusion body bronchopneumonia within two days in newborn, two months and one year old baboons. Differences in the outcome of the experimental intratracheal infections were noticed, depending on the animals age. All the newborns either died from the extensive pulmonary damage or had to be sacrificed because of serious illness. Older animals, in contrast, survived the initial impact with only minor clinical symptoms and repair of the necrotic and inflammatory lesions. The healing stages were characterized by interstitial fibrosis and transient tumorlike bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial proliferations, which lasted for approximately two months. Intranuclear inclusion bodies in ganglionic cells, ganglioneuritis and neuritis in different parts of the pulmonary plexus in intratracheally infected animals suggested the viral invasion of the pulmonary autonomous nervous system.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Longitudinal studies on the development of diabetes in individual Macaca nigra.

Development of spontaneous diabetes has been monitored in individual Macaca nigra. In this study, pancreatic biopsies were taken, islets were assessed morphologically, and results were related to the metabolic/clinical status. A biopsy or autopsy sample was obtained 4 to 10 years later, and the islet morphological state was again related to the metabolic/clinical status. Metabolic deterioration was correlated to the islet lesion, in which there was gradual loss of islet secretory cells and concurrent amyloid deposition. As nondiabetic monkeys with 0 to 3% islet amyloid progressed up to 20 to 40% amyloid, the insulin secretion and glucose clearance were both decreased (p less than or equal to 0.01), and the glucose and glucagon levels increased (p = 0.05). Impaired monkeys progressed to overt diabetes when islet amyloid exceeded 50 to 60%. Diabetic monkeys developed hyperglycaemia, along with impaired insulin secretion and glucose clearance (p less than 0.01). Loss of islet cells results in metabolic deterioration. The lesion precedes development of overt diabetes in Macaca nigra.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1987

Pneumocystis infection in macaque monkeys: Macaca fuscata fuscata and Macaca fascicularis.

Retrospective examination of lungs from 128 monkey necropsies was attempted for Pneumocystis infection using special strains, including toluidine blue-O and Gomori's methenamine silver nitrate. Four Japanese monkeys (7.7%), Macaca fuscata fuscata, and one crab-eating monkey (7.7%), Macaca fascicularis, were found to have Pneumocystis infection. The organism was found in young and infant animals. At the time of death, one infant and two young monkeys were debilitated and/or emaciated. Pneumocystis infection was considered an important lesion which could have caused reduced respiratory function in two of the Japanese monkeys, but constituted only an incidental finding in the others.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Baboon T cell lymphomas expressing the B cell-associated surface proteins CD40 and Bgp95.

Papio hamadryas baboons in the Sukhumi colony develop enzootic outbreaks of malignant lymphomas with an incidence of about 1.5% per year among adults of the high-risk stock. We investigated the surface phenotypes of cells from normal and lymphomatous animals using antibodies against human lymphocyte antigens. We found that more than 80% of the lymphomas that developed during the last 3 years were characterized histologically to be of the peripheral T cell type. Generally, the lymphomatous cells also expressed high levels of MHC class II DR protein, CD18 (LFA-1 beta chain), and CD45RO. Surprisingly, these cells also expressed on their surface two proteins previously characterized as being relatively B cell-restricted: CD40 and Bgp95. These proteins were never found on the peripheral blood T cells from normal animals. The expression of these two gene products was confirmed by RNA blotting and immunoprecipitation. In most cases, the two B cell-associated proteins were expressed on the predominant T cell subsets; we found both B cell proteins on CD4+, CD8+ as well as on the CD4/8 double-positive cells when these subsets were expressed at high levels. About 90% of these animals are seropositive for Herpesvirus papio and human T cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) before developing outright lymphomas. In all of the lymphoma samples, HTLV-1 tax DNA sequences were detected by PCR amplification. Whether or not HTLV-1 or the Herpesvirus papio gene products influence the surface expression of CD40 and Bgp95 remains to be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Comparative infectivity of knobless and knobby clones of Plasmodium falciparum in splenectomized and intact Aotus trivirgatus monkeys.

In two experiments, two knobless (K-) and two knob-producing (K+) clone-cultures of Plasmodium falciparum, FCR-3/Gambia strain, were injected into four Aotus trivirgatus monkeys. The parasitemia in the K(-)-infected splenectomized (S-) monkey rose to a peak of 2.1% on the 16th day, while it reached only 0.7% at the same time in the K+ infected S- animal. Passage from these animals (karyotype VI) into two intact (S+), naive monkeys of karyotype III resulted in very light infections somewhat higher with K+ than with K-. This experiment was repeated with two different clones in two other S- monkeys of karyotype III. Again, the parasitemia of the K+ infected monkey was appreciably below that of the K- monkey. Transfer of parasites into S+ animals of karyotype II resulted in very light infection and, as before, the K+ did somewhat better. About 2 months after its initial infection, the K(+)-infected S- animal from the second experiment came down with a recurrent malaria infection. Electron-microscopic observations on blood from this monkey revealed that the previously K+ parasites had become knobless (K-). Transfer of this material into an S+, naive monkey, again, gave a barely detectable infection. After splenectomy a recrudescence occurred. The results strongly indicate that K- clones of P. falciparum are more infectious to S- Aotus monkeys than K+ clones, whereas in S+ monkeys the situation is reversed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Transmission of Sarcocystis suihominis from humans to swine to nonhuman primates (Pan troglodytes, Macaca mulatta, Macaca irus).

Sporocysts of Sarcocystis suihominis obtained from human feces were used to infect swine. Heart, tongue, and skeletal muscle from experimentally infected and noninfected control swine were fed via stomach tube to nonhuman primates including chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca irus). All primates fed infected swine tissues shed sporocysts beginning 13 to 15 days postinfection and were still shedding sporocysts at the conclusion of the experiment, 30 days postinfection. Rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys were fed infected swine tissues a second time and shed sporocysts. All primates remained in good health throughout both experiments and exhibited no unusual clinical signs as a result of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Notocotylidae Lühe, 1909--incidence and treatment in Macaca mulatta.

Eggs with filaments were detected in the faeces of Macaca mulatta. On the basis of morphological indications and reports from the literature, this infection was most probably caused by the genus Ogmocotyle. Egg output and the onset of diarrhoea were arrested by treatment with 20 mg fenbendazole/kg body weight for 5 days in the form of medicated feed. Follow-up studies over 9 months showed neither new egg output nor the occurrence of clinical symptoms.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Studies on the developmental cycle of Trichospirura leptostoma (Nematoda: Thelaziidae). Experimental infection of the intermediate hosts Blatella germanica and Supella longipalpa and the definitive host Callithrix jacchus and development in the intermediate hosts.

The cockroaches Blatella germanica and Supella longipalpa can act as intermediate hosts of Trichospirura leptostoma as demonstrated by experimental infestation. The parasite developed from the embryonated egg into the infective larval stage (L3) in cockroaches within 5-6 weeks. After experimental infection of marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), eggs were first found in faecal samples (prepatency) at 8-9 weeks post-infection. Patency lasts about 2 years. Despite the presence of living adult worms in the marmosets' pancreas, no additional eggs were observed in their faeces after the patent period.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Electron microscopy of surface structures of Blastocystis sp. from different hosts.

Samples of Blastocystis sp. obtained from humans, monkeys, pigs and chickens were examined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to compare surface structures. The surface coat of Blastocystis sp. cells from each host species showed some morphological variations, but these were not sufficiently different to allow judgement to be made on speciation. The surface structure morphology appeared similar for samples of Blastocystis sp. from the same host species. The surface coat of the cultured human isolate of B. hominis was much thinner than that of cells from fresh human faecal material, and the cell surface appeared to be smoother and without the small projections seen in the fresh forms. Bacteria were frequently found in association with the surface coat of Blastocystis sp. from all fresh faecal material. Possible functions of the surface coat, especially in relation to protection against osmotic shock, are discussed.

Animals↗