Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Logistics”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Logistic advantages of four-section helical CT in the abdomen and pelvis.

BACKGROUND: Multisection helical computed tomography (CT) has the potential for providing data sets with better section profiles, more anatomic coverage, and shorter breath-holding periods. Our purpose was to quantitate these advantages in a clinical setting when imaging the abdomen and pelvis. METHODS: CT parameters including collimation, timing, z-axis coverage, and milliamperes were gathered retrospectively for the image set of both single-section (GE CT/i with 0.8-s rotation) and four-section (GE QX/i Lightspeed with 0.8-s rotation) helical CT scanners. Data were recorded for the abdomen and pelvis CT (n = 30 each), dual-phase liver CT including the pelvis (n = 15 each), and dual-phase pancreas CT (n = 15 each). RESULTS: The abdominal and pelvic CT averaged 128.4 +/- 5.4 s for single-section scanners (70-s delay, two breath-holds of 21.1 and 17. 7 s with a 19.5-s interscan delay) and 92.2 +/- 2.2 s for the four-section scanner (70-s delay and a 22.2-s breath-hold; p < 0. 0001). For the dual liver and pelvis CT, single-section scanners averaged 119.9 +/- 7.5 s (30-s delay, 15.8-s arterial phase, 20.0-s interscan delay, 21.2-s venous phase, 19.5-s interscan delay, and 14. 2 s for the remaining abdomen and pelvis), whereas the four-section scanner averaged 86.8 +/- 2.5 s (30-s delay, 6.7-s arterial phase, 27.9-s interscan delay, and 21.8-s venous phase including the pelvis; p < 0.0001). For the dual pancreas CT, single-section scanners averaged 86.7 +/- 2.5 s (20-s delay, 28.3-s arterial phase, 17.8-s interscan delay, 21.7-s venous phase), whereas the four-section scanner averaged 78.0 +/- 2.9 s (20-s delay, 9.7-s arterial phase, 30.7-s interscan delay, 13.0-s venous phase; p < 0. 0001). CONCLUSION: CT scanners having four-section technology can reduce overall data acquisition times by 10-30% and total milliamperes by 50-60% depending on the protocol with thinner slice profiles.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Intermittent and mobile surgical services: logistics and outcomes.

A program of intermittent surgical services utilized a mobile facility to support multiple primary care sites in Ecuador. The fiscal and clinical outcomes of the program were analyzed. From 1994 to 2003 the mobile program responded to requests from 15 of 22 provinces of Ecuador for surgical care. The sites served could not offer permanent surgical care. Criteria for inclusion and follow-up were set. Medical records were kept in accordance with standards of the Ministry of Health. Standards of care and critical care pathways were instituted. The program had a permanent staff supplemented by volunteers. Cases were recorded and outcomes noted with respect to complications. The cost of the surgical aspect of the program was entirely covered by a foundation through donations and public service contracts. Financial records of the foundation were reviewed and the costs analyzed. A total of 4545 operations were done largely in general surgery specialties. The program made 40 to 50 excursions each year and proved to be a stable element of medical care delivery. There were no deaths, four major complications, and three minor complications. The cost per operation was less than $100. Comparison to U.S. and international volunteer organizations are reported. This program of intermittent mobile surgical services in coordination with fixed primary care constitutes a sustainable, high quality clinical program fully integrated into existing care of a national health ministry. In-country resources may provide greatly enhanced services at low cost and should be considered as an alternative.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1998

Genetic and biochemical screening for endocrine disease: III. Costs and logistics.

The cost of screening tests in endocrine disease can be determined in a number of ways, including the charge or billed cost, the production cost, or most appropriately the cost to achieve the intended aim of the test (cost-effectiveness). Cost-effectiveness analysis allows clinicians to determine whether an added benefit of a test comes at an acceptable cost. For example, analysis of the cost-effectiveness of routine thyroid function tests prior to surgery in elderly patients with nodular thyroid disease shows that the cost per life saved is only US $405, making the tests clearly cost-effective. Cost-effectiveness does not always equate with affordability, however, especially in developing countries. Thyroid function testing prior to surgery represents only 0.8% of the average household income in Australia and is therefore both cost-effective and affordable, whereas in Sri Lanka the same screening test represents up to 50% of the average monthly income. A survey of membership of the International Association of Endocrine Surgeons worldwide showed that molecular genetic screening for endocrine disease is readily available in 67% of institutions, with all of those having facilities for the rearrangement during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene testing, and lesser numbers having access to the Menin gene, the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL) gene, or linkage analysis for familial pheochromocytoma. The median cost of screening for the RET proto-oncogene was $290 (range $100-3000). Cost-effectiveness analysis of molecular genetic screening for MEN-II syndrome demonstrates that the cost per life saved is only $5175. This compares favorably with reliance on screening based on annual pentagastrin testing, where the cost per life saved is as high as $76,315. Molecular genetic screening for endocrine disease (e.g., the MEN-II syndrome) is not only cost-effective but the therapy required (total thyroidectomy) is both acceptable and well tolerated.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2004

Short-term prediction of Betula airborne pollen concentration in Vigo (NW Spain) using logistic additive models and partially linear models.

Betula pollen is a common cause of pollinosis in localities in NW Spain and between 13% and 60% of individuals who are immunosensitive to pollen grains respond positively to its allergens. It is important in the case of all such people to be able to predict pollen concentrations in advance. We therefore undertook an aerobiological study in the city of Vigo (Pontevedra, Spain) from 1995 to 2001, using a Hirst active-impact pollen trap (VPPS 2000) situated in the city centre. Vigo presents a temperate maritime climate with a mean annual temperature of 14.9 degrees C and 1,412 mm annual total precipitation. This paper analyses two ways of quantifying the prediction of pollen concentration: first by means of a generalized additive regression model with the object of predicting whether the series of interest exceeds a certain threshold; second using a partially linear model to obtain specific prediction values for pollen grains. Both models use a self-explicative part and another formed by exogenous meteorological factors. The models were tested with data from 2001 (year in which the total precipitation registered was almost twice the climatological average overall during the flowering period), which were not used in formulating the models. A highly satisfactory classification and good forecasting results were achieved with the first and second approaches respectively. The estimated line taking into account temperature and a calm S-SW wind, corresponds to the real line recorded during 2001, which gives us an idea of the proposed model's validity.

Allergens↗
PubMed1981

Factors influencing survival after therapeutic shunts. Results of a discriminant function and linear logistic regressions analysis.

Data on 100 consecutive patients undergoing portasystemic shunt at three hospitals of the University of California, San Francisco, were analyzed retrospectively to look for variables portending poor immediate and long-term outcome. As a determinant of early mortality after portacaval shunt, the Child's classification of the patient remains the single most important factor. If the patient is in Child's class C and has a hematocrit of less than 32 percent, he is even less likely to survive 30 days. The malnourished male patient who resumes drinking postoperatively is least likely to survive 1 year. Though short- and long-term mortality did not correlate with type of shunt, the prosthetic interposition mesocaval shunt was associated with an unacceptably high thrombosis rate of 20 percent in our institutions, and represented a technical failure to achieve the goal of preventing further variceal bleeding. No matter what type of shunt was performed, however, the 30 day mortality of Child's class C patients exceeded 50 percent. In the latter patients methods of treatment other than portasystemic shunts should be evaluated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Conception of a program for the treatment and statistical interrogation of data, LOGIST].

This paper presents a general program which cannot only be used for the treatment and the statistical interrogations, but also for basic operations, such as the validity check and the preparation of data which is often necessary for other programs. Its use of language is simple, suitable and accessible to non-specialists. The program is sufficiently complete so that it can treat some complex problems without requiring complementary programs. It can treat several problems simultaneously. This allows one to gain data-reading time and the program is therefore economical. Its domain of use is large: epidemiological studies, psychological and sociological investigations, biological studies, clinical research, chronological follow-up, examinations of faculties, . . . . The program is written in FORTRAN IV and thus transferable. It contains more than 25 000 instructions but needs limited place in the core memory (less than 64 000 words). Its structure allows further evolution and addition of new procedures or new methods. A transformation into a conversational form is considered.

Computers↗