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Results for “Forelimb”

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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Dependence of gait pattern on the type of coupling between hind- and forelimb generators: modelling study.

Dependence of gait pattern on the way of possible coupling between fore and hindlimb girdles was investigated. This dependence was analysed using the analog model of neuronal net of spinal generator. Both nets (i.e., for fore and hind girdles) could be synchronized by any coupling between the executive and intrinsic elements. However, only few of them assured generation of patterns corresponding to physiological gaits. Patterns corresponding to walk and trot were obtained with inhibitory connections from hind intrinsic elements to fore executive ones. Pace was obtained at the coupling connections directed from hind executive elements to fore ones. To obtain gallop it was necessary to couple fore executive elements with hind ones by inhibitory connections.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effects of red nucleus lesions on forelimb movements in the cat.

The effects of uni- and bilateral lesions of the red nucleus on the ability to retrieve food with a forepaw from food wells of different shape were analyzed. Movements which required the use of distal muscles, e.g. retrieving food from narrow horizontal and vertical tubes, were more affected than movements primarily involving more proximal muscles. A decrease in the digital skill occurred during at least 4 months after the surgery, even in the case of subtotal lesions of the red nucleus. The effects of uni- and bilateral rubral lesions appeared to be essentially similar.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

In vitro comparison of the standard short limb cast and three configurations of short limb transfixation casts in equine forelimbs.

Axial stability of equine oblique proximal phalangeal osteotomies with application of the standard short limb cast or 1 of 3 configurations of transfixation casts was determined in vitro. Transfixation cast methods included use of parallel pins, divergent pins, or parallel pins incorporating a metal walking bar. Displacement at the osteotomy was recorded for each limb at 4,448 N. Standard short limb casts provided significantly (P = 0.0002) less axial stability than did any form of transfixation cast. Significant differences were not found between the 3 transfixation casts.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Origin and development of the muscles of the intermetacarpal space of the forelimb of Felis catus.

This paper demonstrates the structure and development of the layer of mm. flexores breves profundi in Felis catus (Carnivora). By microdissections of the deep palmar musculature, it was found that there were formed two muscle layers: 1) four muscles beginning on the palmar side of the carpus, passing distally through the intermetacarpal spaces and inserting into the dorsal digital aponeurosis of the second to fourth digit--the superficial muscle layer of mm. flexores breves profundi; 2) four muscles beginning on the palmar area of the second to fifth metacarpus and inserting into the capsules of the metacarpophalangeal joints of the second to fifth digit--the deep muscle layer of mm. flexores breves profundi. Ontogenesis of these muscle layers was studied on 35 histological series of embryonal extremities. In early ontogenesis we found a coherent cell condensate of the anlage of mm. flexores breves profundi layer. Differentiation of the anlagen of individual muscles takes place in the foetuses of 17-20 mm crown-rump length. In embryos of 17-19 mm crown-rump length a small cell condensations corresponding to the layer of mm. intermetacarpales anlagen were found in the second and third intermetacarpal spaces. Both anlagen are formed only temporarily whereafter they break into fragments and extinct.

Animals↗