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PubMedDate not supplied

[Multi-locus DNA fingerprints using oligonucleotide probe (CAC)5/(GTG)5 in the Chinese population].

In order to test the practical applicability of oligonucleotide fingerprinting in China we have investigated unrelated individuals, family members and a pair of twins from the Beijing area using the probe (CAC)5/(GTG)5. Except for the monozygotic twins highly variable banding patterns were demonstrated as expected for the randomly selected individuals but also for the relatives. On the basis of an initial survey of 50 unrelated individuals the calculated probability for obtaining by chance two identical multilocus patterns is very small (less than 1.93 x 10(-13). Therefore it seems reasonable to conclude that like in caucasians, (CAC)5/(GTG)5 fingerprints are completely individual-specific also in this population. Therefore they have already been used successfully for identification purposes and paternity tests in many actual cases.

China↗
PubMed2006

[AFLP fingerprinting of Pinellia ternata and its application].

OBJECTIVE: To obtain more information on DNA fingerprintings and to confirm the genetic relationships of ten wide populations of Pinellia tornata. METHOD: Collect wide-type or cultivated P. tornata from ten major production areas nation-wide as material. Twelve combinations of EcoR I and Mse I primers were used to asses divergence among ten populations. The data were analyzed using unweighted pair-group method, based on arithmetic averages (UPGMA) bootstrap analysis. Cluster analyses were performed by using NTSYSpc software version 2.1. The alkaloid was extracted from P. ternate with chlorolform and determined in UV absorption spectroscop. RESULT: 1,673 bands were applied with 12 combinations. These results of cluster were congruent with differences in total alkloids. CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed a potential application of AFLP fingerprinting for identification of P. ternata.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2006

[Revelation and phylogenetic analysis of the predominant bacterial community associated with sponges in the South China Sea based on PCR- DGGE fingerprints].

The predominant bacterial community structure of Dysidea avara and Craniella australiensis in the South China Sea were revealed by PCR- DGGE fingerprinting in the present study. With further cloning, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, it was found that Proteobacteria predominated in these two sponges. Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were found in Dysidea avara and only Gammaproteobacteria found in Craniella australiensis. Although Bacteroidetes were found in both sponges, they differed in the species. These bacteria were found in sponges firstly. The bacteria in Craniella australiensis show more complex diversity than that in Dysidea avara. Because compared with Dysidea avara, Craniella australiensis include Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, etc. The bacterial community diversity in these two sponges indicates that the sponge-associated bacteria are host-specific even if the hosts are from the same marine location. DGGE fingerprint-based analysis should integrate with band cloning and sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, etc., molecular techniques to get precise results for the microbial community and diversity revelation. The research of studying sponge microbe by DGGE technique is initial work, that will accelerate the development of sponge microorganisms item.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Use of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fingerprints for identity determination: comparison with traditional paternity testing methods--Part II.

Six red blood cell (RBC) antigen systems, coupled with human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) phenotyping, were used to establish paternity on 28 mother/child/alleged-father trios. Samples were subsequently examined using the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fingerprinting test with the multilocus Jeffreys DNA probes 33.6 and 33.15. In 27 of 28 paternity cases, the DNA fingerprinting test results supported and enhanced the results of RBC and HLA typing by resolving disputed paternity cases conclusively. One discrepancy between conventional serological methods and DNA analysis is discussed.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1990

Use of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fingerprints for identity determination: comparison with traditional paternity testing methods--Part I.

A study involving comparison of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) finger-printing test with traditional methods used for paternity testing is presented. Samples from 191 cases were tested for a series of blood group and polymorphic protein markers. DNA "fingerprints" were then obtained for all samples using the multilocus probes 33.6 and 33.15. The results of DNA fingerprinting correlated well with those of traditional methods and proved to be informative in cases where traditional methods yielded inconclusive or insufficient results.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1995

[Genomic DNA fingerprints of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 2 strains as an epidemiologic marker].

Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, DNA fingerprints of eleven Legionella pneumophila isolates of serogroup 2 were generated. It was shown that two strains from a patient suffering from pneumonia as well as three environmental strains isolated from the shower in the hotel where the patient stayed 5 days before his illness were identical. Six strains of the same serogroup isolated from other sources were clearly separated. Thus, DNA fingerprints by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis are excellent epidemiological markers for the rarely occurring serogroup 2 of Legionella pneumophila.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

RAPD analysis: an efficient method of DNA fingerprinting in fishes.

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) generated using arbitrary primers of 9, 10, 16 and 20 nucleotide lengths by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was investigated in 12 species of fishes. We found that the amplification products were best resolved by Urea-SDS-PAGE and detected by silver staining. The amplification products ranged from 25 to 75 depending on the primer and template combination. The random primers generated unique fingerprints for each species of fish in terms of number and position of RAPDs. Our results showed that the fish species can be distinguished from each other by RAPDs. The complexity of the RAPDs in the fingerprints may be manipulated to suit the requirement of the study. The use of RAPD in taxonomy, fishery management and fish culture is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA fingerprinting: a versatile technology.

DNA fingerprinting originally developed as a genetic mapping strategy but has quickly found many other applications ranging from forensic casework to wildlife conservation. The versatility of various DNA fingerprinting methods is illustrated by a series of examples taken from the work of one laboratory in New Zealand.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA fingerprinting using arbitrary primer technology (APT): a tool or a torment.

A recent variation of the PCR has allowed DNA fingerprints to be obtained independently of prior sequence information and with unparalleled ease. Several approaches, conveniently grouped under the general term of arbitrary primer technology (APT), include the popular RAPD, DAF, and AP-PCR methods. A great deal of attention has been focussed on these methods and questions have arisen regarding reproducibility, DNA fingerprint resolution, and even the future of the technology itself. Here we discuss these issues and examine some of the unique properties of DNA amplification using a single short arbitrary primer.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed1994

Universal probe system for DNA fingerprinting.

A universal probe system is a combination of an unlabeled primary probe that has been inserted in a cloning vector and a labeled secondary probe that is specific to the vector. This system is time- and labor-saving in that one does not need to label probes every time one uses them, so long as they are inserted in the same vector. As a first step in the preparation of a universal probe system for DNA fingerprinting, we isolated multi-locus probes from a subgenomic library that had been constructed by insertion into the phagemid pUC118 of 1-2 kb fragments of DNA from human myeloma cells. Next, we isolated single-stranded DNAs of recombinant phagemids, and hybridized them with Southern blots of DNAs from mother-child-father trios or unrelated individuals. As with double-stranded DNA probes, we were able to detect DNA fingerprints, with a commercially available, alkaline phosphatase-labeled secondary probe or a digoxigenin-labeled universal sequencing primer.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed1994

DNA fingerprint analysis of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in the Czech Republic.

DNA fingerprints were established in 12 drug resistant and 12 susceptible M. tuberculosis strains collected from patients residing in Prague, Czech Republic. The Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technique was based on the detection of the insertion sequence IS6110 in PvuII digested chromosomal DNA. All investigated strains possessed at least 5 copies of IS6110 ranging from 5 to 15 copies in the drug resistant isolates and 5 to 11 copies in susceptible isolates. Three multidrug resistant strains displayed identical fingerprints (5 bands), and two strains resistant to pyrazinamid had the same banding pattern (12 bands). The remaining isolates differed either in number or location of the IS6110 copies. Thorough epidemiological analysis did not furnish proof of direct contact among these patients.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1994

[Fingerprinting with the polymerase chain reaction: confirmation of a Enterobacter cloacae epidemic in a neonatal intensive care unit].

Between end December 1993 and end January 1994 a cluster of children infected/colonized with Enterobacter cloacae was seen in the neonatal intensive care unit of the University Hospital Nijmegen. The results of the epidemiological investigation are reported, which was aimed to differentiate between a random cluster of endogenously acquired Enterobacter strains and those possibly acquired exogenously via cross-infection. 5 isolates of the 7 patients were available for fingerprinting using interrepeat PCR. According to the fingerprint pattern, 4 of these isolates were identical, thereby suggesting cross-infection among the children. 3 neonates were colonized/infected with genotypically different isolates, suggesting that the infection/colonization developed endogenously. A control strain isolated from a patient at another ward showed the same genotype as the outbreak isolates. The transmission took probably place through one of the surgeons who, among all possible health care workers, were the only professional group treating patients in both units.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1993

RAPD fingerprinting is useful for identification of Azospirillum strains.

In vitro amplification of genomic DNA fragments with single primers of arbitrary sequence was used as a rapid and sensitive method to obtain fingerprints of ten strains belonging to three of the Azospirillum species: brasilense, lipoferum and amazonense. Each strain showed a distinctive pattern of bands that permitted its unequivocal identification. Closely related strains produced almost identical fingerprints. Pairwise comparison and cluster analysis of the amplification patterns allowed grouping of the strains. The resulting dendrograms are similar to previous dendrograms based on the restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) of total DNA and on the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Our results indicate that the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique is a simple, fast and useful tool for the determination of genetic relationships among Azospirillum isolates and to evaluate the genomic stability of the Azospirillum strains released in the environment.

Azospirillum↗
PubMed1994

DNA fingerprinting and the substantive law.

The ability to analyse human DNA has the potential to revolutionize legal proceedings--both civil and criminal--especially those which turn on biological or genetic evidence. Examining the positive and negative aspects of DNA fingerprinting, it would appear that the benefits certainly outweigh any disadvantages. In paternity determinations, DNA fingerprinting renders otiose many of the controversial concerns, particularly regarding the determination of legal probability, providing as it does unequivocal evidence of blood relationship. Furthermore, in criminal law, its value is well-documented. The relevant legislation is already in place, therefore no further legislation is required to enable South African law enforcement agencies to make use of the DNA test. The apparently high cost may, however, frustrate its general application to the civil law but with the assistance of the state and law societies, the envisaged problem could be alleviated. To date no other forensic tests rival the accuracy of the DNA test.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of genome fingerprinting with conventional typing methods used on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis patients.

Two hundred Pseudomonas aeruginosa serial isolates from 61 cystic fibrosis patients were examined using restriction fragment length polymorphism in connection with pulsed field gel electrophoresis. A comparison was made of results obtained by genome fingerprinting and by conventional typing methods. It was possible to subdivide the majority of the genome types with the conventional typing methods, indicating the likelihood of bacterial phenotypes occurring in the lung of the cystic fibrosis patient. Two clusters of strains were observed among the 200 P. aeruginosa isolates from the 61 patients. Strains belonging to one cluster were present in 26 (42.6%) of the 61 patients. Strains belonging to the other cluster were present in 11 (18.0%) of the 61 patients. The occurrence of these clusters indicates that cross-infection has taken place among CF patients attending the Danish Cystic Fibrosis Centre. Conventional typing methods are based on the presence of specific bacterial surface structures. Therefore, conventional typing methods may sometimes lead to wrong classification of isolates from cystic fibrosis patients, especially if applied alone. A combination of two to six methods decreased the reproducibility of the typing results. The best combination was genome fingerprinting and phage typing, which yielded a reproducibility of 82.5%. Each time a method is added, the reproducibility decreases by an average of 14.4%.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1993

[The analysis of human DNA fingerprints by the synthetic oligonucleotide probe].

In order to test the practical applicability of oligonucleotide fingerprinting we have investigated 50 unrelated individuals, 11 members in two families and one pair of twin using the probe (CAC)5/(GTG)5. Except the monozygotic twins highly variable patterns were demonstrated, even in a family. The probability of chance association between random individuals was calculated as 3.8 x 10(-10). It seems reasonable to conclude that (CAC)5/(GTG)5 fingerprints are completely individual-specific. The results of the pedigree study showed that the inheritance of alleles was in keeping with the Mendelian Law. This method is not so costly and labor-intensive as the conventional Southern blotting. It increases the speed and lessen the complexity of RFLPs study.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMed1993

[DNA fingerprint method of the cultured cells].

DNA fingerprint method is very available not only to examine the cross-contamination of cultured cell lines and their origins and but to know the somatic mutation frequency in the cultured cells by exposure of radiation and chemicals. The method for DNA fingerprint was grouped in the following four types in term of probe; multilocus minisatellite probe, simple sequence repeat probe, locus specific minisatellite probe and repeat unit sequence variation in minisatellites.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1994

DNA fingerprinting in Falconidae.

This paper describes the use of the oligonucleotide probe (GTG)5 to reveal high polymorphic DNA regions in falcons (Falco peregrinus, F. rusticolus, F. cherrug and their interspecies hybrids). Ten microliters of the blood samples were immobilized, lysed and digested in low-melting point agarose. Oligonucleotide probe (GTG)5 gave rise to the great number of different fragments. Some of them were genus specific, another female specific and approx. 5-10% of the fragments were individual specific. Restriction endonucleases with 4 bp recognition sequences were preferred (Hinf I, Hae III and Msp I). After the use of such enzymes the DNA fingerprints were individual specific and allowed us to confirm known relations among individual birds. The results indicate, that DNA fingerprinting with oligonucleotide (GTG)5 as a probe could be a powerful method for differentiating among closely related falcon birds.

Animals↗