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Results for “Extraction, Obstetrical”

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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Obstetric fractures.

The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors predisposing to an obstetric fracture, and their long-term outcome. We reviewed 28 obstetric fractures treated in the County of Vaud, Switzerland, between 1976 and 1989. There were 12 fractures of long bones, 10 clavicles and 6 depressed skull fractures. The belief that obstetric fractures occur in large babies or after breech deliveries is no longer valid. The common risk factors of these fractures are obstetric maneuvers during delivery (75% of cases), especially Cesarean sections (35%), prolonged labor (33%), and prematurity (25%). Cephalic presentation (64.2% of cases) is more frequent than breech position (32.1%). Weight, size, age of gestation, age of the mother, parity, gestity, and time of delivery cannot be considered as risk factors for obstetric fractures. For each type of fracture some specific risk factors are pointed out: maneuvers at birth for depressed skull fracture, Cesarean section, breech delivery with assistance and low birth weight for the fractures of long bones. All fractures were treated conservatively, except for skull fractures with a depression of more than 2 cm. Early consolidation is achieved within 2 weeks. Long-term prognosis for obstetric fractures is good without sequelae.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1981

Traumatic intracranial haemorrhage in firstborn infants and delivery with obstetric forceps.

Exclusive of breech presentation, traumatic intracranial haemorrhage was demonstrated at necropsy on 27 occasions in 36 420 consecutive firstborn infants. All 27 were forceps deliveries. The main conclusion is that serious injury to the forecoming head at birth is almost invariably a direct effect of forceps. The relevance of this conclusion to some aspects of contemporary obstetric practice is discussed briefly.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1994

Pneumomediastinum in labor.

We describe pneumomediastinum in a primigravida with delay in the second stage of labor. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peripartum cardiomyopathy--Obstetric emergency for mother and child].

This case report describes the diagnosis, treatment as well as maternal and fetal outcome of a pregnancy complicated by peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). The article demonstrates criteria that define peripartum cardiomyopathy using clinical and echocardiographic features. In absence of preexisting heart disease an acute left ventricular dysfunction of the mother led to fetal bradycardia and immediate delivery. We discuss possible causes, clinical management and long term outcome in respect of the available literature. Future pregnancies should be avoided with at least 50 % risk of recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Clinical experience with patient-controlled and staff-administered intermittent bolus epidural analgesia in labour.

A prospective, randomized study was performed to detail clinical experience with both patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and midwife-administered intermittent bolus (IB) epidural analgesia during labour, under the conditions pertaining in a busy obstetric delivery unit. Both methods used 0.125% bupivacaine plus fentanyl, and similar rescue supplementation, although management decisions related to epidural analgesia were made principally by attending midwives. One hundred and ninety-eight women were recruited and data analysed from 167 (PCEA n = 82, IB n = 85). The groups were demographically similar. Median hourly pain scores, ratings of analgesia and satisfaction did not differ. Maximum pain scores were significantly higher in those receiving IB epidural analgesia (P < 0.05). The PCEA group had a significantly higher rate of supplementation and bupivacaine use (P < 0.01), and a longer duration of the second stage of labour (P < 0.03). The relative risk of instrumental delivery with PCEA versus the IB method was 1.57 (CI 1.07-2.38). Experience within our unit with PCEA is contrasted with that of IB epidural analgesia, the method most commonly used; and with that of controlled trials comparing these two methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

International differences in the use of obstetric interventions.

This study investigated current levels and trends between 1975 and 1986 in the rates of cesarean section in 21 countries and of operative vaginal delivery in 14 countries. Sharp differences in national obstetric practice were found, with cesarean rates ranging from a high of 32 (Brazil) to 7 (Czechoslovakia) per 100 hospital deliveries, and operative vaginal rates from 16 (Canada) to 2 (Czechoslovakia) per 100 hospital deliveries. For most countries, rates of cesarean section have risen as operative vaginal rates have fallen, but some important exceptions exist. A comparison of cesarean section rates for two complications of labor and delivery that can be objectively diagnosed, multiple births and breech delivery, demonstrates that cesarean section rates for these complications rose sharply in almost every country from 1980 to 1985. A comparison of 1985 national rates of intervention and measures of birth outcome found no significant relationship between the two. While such ecological comparisons are imperfect at best, this does indicate that low levels of early infant mortality can be achieved in some populations despite a low rate of cesarean deliveries.

Australia↗
PubMed1993

[Obstetrical damage to the symphysis].

Extension or rupture of the symphysis pubis result to obstetrical lesions of the symphysis. Causes, diagnostic and treatment are demonstrated on our own 27 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Anal incontinence after childbirth.

Advances in new imaging techniques have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of anal incontinence after childbirth. Recent studies have confirmed the high prevalence of anorectal trauma and symptoms, although women rarely volunteer these symptoms. The way forward is to identify obstetric factors associated with anal incontinence and modify current practice to minimize morbidity.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1993

Abnormal bovine parturition. Obstetrics and fetotomy.

The veterinarian is in a unique position to assist and improve the profitability of producers by educating clients on proper intervention and delivery techniques. This paper describes some procedures for intervention, evaluation, and management of dystocia by mutation, forced extraction, and fetotomy. In addition, a brief summary of the factors influencing dystocia is presented. When these techniques are used properly, losses due to dystocia are minimized.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Genital tract fistula repair on 116 women.

A personal series of 130 genital tract fistula repairs in 116 women is presented. All fistulas were repaired vaginally. The majority of the fistulas were due to obstetric injuries, especially prolonged obstructed labour. Obstetric fistula continue to be a cause of personal and social morbidity to sufferers.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Epidural analgesia in cases of placental dysfunction].

EDA has a favourable influence on uteroplacental perfusion. Data containing 262 deliveries with EDA followed pathological pregnancies were investigated by the authors. Their parameters were compared to 143 deliveries without pathological change and to the general obstetrical data of the Ward. In these groups the Apgar scores of the newborn babies, the duration of deliveries, the frequency of the delivery completing operations were studied and the complications of the intervention were surveyed.

Analgesia, Epidural↗