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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Treatment of poison ivy/oak allergic contact dermatitis with an extract of jewelweed.

BACKGROUND: Jewelweed (Impatiens biflora) is a plant which has been used for centuries for the treatment of poison ivy/oak allergic contact dermatitis. Numerous claims for its effectiveness exist in the lay press, and over-the-counter medicaments containing jewelweed are reputed to be an effective remedy for poison ivy/oak dermatitis. Despite these claims, few scientific studies testing the effectiveness of jewelweed have been performed. OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this pilot study was to test the efficacy of an extract of jewelweed in the treatment of experimentally induced allergic contact dermatitis to poison ivy/oak. METHODS: A randomized, double-blinded, paired comparison investigation was performed. Ten adult volunteers were patch tested to urushiol, the allergenic resin in poison ivy/oak. For each volunteer, one patch test site was treated with an extract prepared from the fresh stems of jewelweed; the remaining site was treated with distilled water to serve as a control. Sites were examined on days 2, 3, 7, and 9 with reactions graded on a numerical scale. RESULTS: All subjects developed dermatitis at each patch test site. There was no statistically significant difference in the objective scores at the sites treated with jewelweed extract versus the distilled water control sites. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that an extract of jewelweed was not effective in the treatment of poison ivy/oak allergic contact dermatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Feline atopic dermatitis. A model for Langerhans cell participation in disease pathogenesis.

Atopic dermatitis is a disorder characterized by cutaneous exanthemata as a consequence of exaggerated eczematous reactions to topical and systemic allergens. Langerhans cells, expressing CD1a and HLA-DR, and dermal dendritic cells, expressing HLA-DR, are known to be potent antigen-presenting cells and are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. The immunophenotype of lesional skin in atopic dermatitis in humans involves increased numbers of CD1a+/MHC class II+ dendritic cells in addition to activated T cells, mast cells, and macrophages. To establish feline skin as a model for the study of human atopic dermatitis, and to elucidate the role of dendritic cells in feline atopic dermatitis, we investigated the presence of CD1a+ cells and MHC class II+ cells in the epidermis and dermis of lesional feline skin and in skin of healthy control animals. Immunohistochemistry revealed that MHC class II+ epidermal dendritic cells were CD1a+ in normal feline skin and significantly increased numbers of CD1a+ cells and MHC class II+ cells were present in the epidermis and dermis of lesional skin. These data provide the first correlative documentation of CD1a expression by feline dendritic cells containing Birbeck granules, and indicate the utility of feline skin in the study of human cutaneous atopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The epidemiology of cercarial dermatitis and its association with limnological characteristics of a northern Michigan lake.

Cercarial dermatitis (swimmer's itch) is an annoying inflammatory response to penetration of skin by non-human schistosome parasites while swimming or wading in lakes. The purpose of this survey was to identify risk factors for cercarial dermatitis and to determine whether limnological characteristics of the lake were associated with development of the condition. Starting 1 June 1993, an active case surveillance system was established in the communities around Walloon Lake, Michigan, which continued until 30 August 1993; controls were randomly selected weekly during the same time period through telephone surveys. A total of 317 cases of cercarial dermatitis occurring in 146 clusters was identified over the course of the summer and 295 controls were selected from the weekly telephone surveys. Factors associated with the development of cercarial dermatitis identified in the study included age, the time of day at which exposure to lake water occurred, and the month in which exposure to lake water took place. In addition, development of cercarial dermatitis was significantly associated with exposure to lake water in the area of the lake with the highest algae content and shallowest depth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Amikacin gel administration in the treatment of peristomal dermatitis.

Ten colostomized patients (six males, four females) and six ileostomized patients (three males, three females), presenting moderate (10 cases) or severe (6 cases) peristomal dermatitis, were treated for up to 28 days with a local daily application of amikacin sulphate 5% gel. All cases with moderate dermatitis and two patients with severe dermatitis recovered within 7 days of treatment. Two cases of severe dermatitis recovered in 14 days and the last two cases recovered in 28 days. No signs of intolerance to amikacin gel were shown by the patients. We conclude that amikacin sulphate 5% gel is a useful tool in the topical care of peristomal dermatitis in ostomate patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from lichens in present-day Finland.

Lichens are abundant in forests, living on trees, soil, stones and rocks. They contain usnic acid and other lichen acids that are contact allergens. Lichens and liverworts cause woodcutter's dermatitis, eczema that appears in the forest on the bare skin areas, especially in cold and wet weather. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from lichens occurs in forestry and horticultural workers and in lichen pickers. Lichens can cause immediate allergy, contact urticaria, rhinitis and asthma and probably also photoallergic contact dermatitis. Lichens are used for the manufacture of oak moss absolute, a fragrance constituent. Oak moss absolute contains lichen acids and is one of the commonest contact allergens. Lichen acid allergy develops either from contact with lichens or from fragrances. We describe 4 cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis from lichens during the past decade: 2 were farmers and 2 gardeners. 3 of them had allergic reactions to fragrance mix and oak moss absolute. Lichen contact allergy is an old, partly forgotten, syndrome that should be remembered for symptoms in contact with barked wood or wood dust.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed1993

Dermatitis in bulb growers.

A damaged skin forms a health hazard in flower-bulb growers as it enables higher permeation rates for pesticides than normal skin. Therefore, an investigation was performed into the skin condition of 103 bulb growers and 49 controls. Contact dermatitis of the hands was of the same order (11 and 10%) in both groups. However, minor signs of dermatitis were seen more often in bulb growers (30 versus 8%, p < 0.05). Most growers had contact with narcissus sap during the investigation. This irritant sap, as well as many other skin contacts with irritants such as hyacinth dust and pesticides, seemed to be responsible for many skin complaints. Contact sensitization was suspected in 19 growers and 3 controls. Patch tests showed that contact sensitization existed to pesticides in probably 10, and to flower-bulb extracts in 4 growers. Reactions to propachlor were not regarded as very reliable as the test concentration seemed to be marginally irritant. There were only a few allergic reactions to narcissus (3) and tulip (2) and none to hyacinth. This investigation showed that minor irritant contact dermatitis was frequent in bulb growers, and indicated that contact sensitization to pesticides and bulbs seemed to be a less frequent but important cause of dermatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Occupational dermatitis in shoemakers.

In an epidemiological study of occupational dermatitis in 5 different shoe factories, 246 workers were interviewed, examined and patch tested using standard and occupational patch test series. The prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis was 14.6% (36/246): 8.1% (20/246) irritant contact dermatitis (OICD) and 6.5% (16/246) allergic contact dermatitis (OACD). Among the latter, the most common occupational allergens were p-tert-butylphenol-formaldehyde resin and mercaptobenzothiazole. 6% (15/246) presented with hyperkeratosis of the fingertips, while 3.2% (8/246) reported pruritus sine materia (PSM) present only during working hours. 2 workers presented with vitiligo-like leukodermic patches on the backs of their hands and on their forearms. Some jobs were more frequently associated with skin complaints. In the assembly department, OACD was most frequent (11.4%), attributed to contact with adhesives and, to a lesser degree, with rubber and leather. OICD caused by contact with the solvents contained in adhesives and varnishes was most frequent in the assembly and trimming departments (17.1% and 15.6%, respectively). PSM, probably caused by the dust present in the working environment was reported by 33.3% of the workers in the sole-cutting and scraping departments. Hyperkeratosis of the fingertips, as a reaction to the continuous trauma of leather on the skin, was observed most frequently (41.6%) in the sole-cutting department.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1977

Serum IgE in dermatitis and dermatosis: an analysis of 497 cases.

Serum IgE values from 497 patients with various forms of dermatitis, dermatosis, and tinea pedis were analyzed statistically and compared with values from 95 normal controls. The median and geometric mean values were significantly elevated (except in acne without atopy, lichen planus, and tinea pedis), even after exclusion of patients with a history of atopy or of cutaneous reaction to food or drugs. Serum IgE levels and atopic dermatitis have a close correlation. A modest positive correlation (p approximately equal to .05) appeared between the log serum IgE level and peripheral blood absolute eosinophil count in 80 cases of atopic dermatitis. A unique group of adult nonatopic patients had acquired generalized dermatitis and markedly elevated serum IgE levels (greater than 12,000 ng/ml). Our results suggest that, in most common dermatologic disorders, elevated serum IgE is a secondary phenomenon rather than a primary causative factor.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1978

Atopic dermatitis and Ritter's disease: differential diagnosis by means of total and specific serum IgE.

Atopic dermatitis and Ritter's disease in infants and children frequently present diagnostic as well as therapeutic problems. Both conditions are characterized by generalized exfoliative dermatitis, and are prone to recurrent infections with Staphylococcus. However, in Ritter's disease, it has been shown that these are specifically coagulase-positive Staphylococcus phage Group 2 organisms. This combination of exfoliative dermatitis, with lysis and separation of the skin, associated with infection has been aptly named the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. An unusual case is reported herein of a nine year old boy who had a condition clinically resembling Ritter's disease since birth, but with enormously elevated total and specific serum IgE levels characteristic of atopic dermatitis and not seen in Ritter's disease.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1990

Chronic actinic dermatitis. Study of the spectrum of chronic photosensitivity in 12 patients.

Twelve patients with photodermatitis for longer than 3 months' duration were identified: 1 patient with chronic photocontact dermatitis, 1 with persistent photosensitivity following exposure to a systemic medication, 6 with persistent light reactivity, and 4 with actinic reticuloid. There were 10 men and 2 women, ranging in age from 27 to 81 years, with a mean age of 62 years. The duration of the eruption ranged from 6 months to 20 years. Persistence of photosensitivity to quinidine, which is analogous to persistent light reactivity, was documented in 1 patient, and evolution from photocontact dermatitis to actinic reticuloid was observed in 2 others. These data, along with those reported in the literature, indicate that chronic photocontact dermatitis, persistent photosensitivity to systemic agents, persistent light reactivity, photosensitive eczema, and actinic reticuloid should be considered as entities occurring along a continuum, and the term "chronic actinic dermatitis" is suggested to refer to these entities. Eight (67%) of the 12 patients had skin type VI and 2 others (17%) had skin type V, percentages markedly higher than those of the general patient population, demonstrating that chronic actinic dermatitis is not uncommon among individuals with dark skin.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Disposable nappies for preventing napkin dermatitis in infants.

BACKGROUND: Napkin dermatitis is a common condition that occurs in otherwise healthy infants. It causes discomfort to infants, anxiety to parents and caregivers and contributes to the load on the health care system. A large variety of napkins, both disposable and non-disposable, are available. Evidence is required to assist carers and health care workers in making informed decisions when balancing the pros and cons of different napkin choices. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether disposable napkins prevent napkin dermatitis in infants. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Skin Group Specialised Register (up to June 2003), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in (The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004), MEDLINE (from 1966 to November 2004), EMBASE (from 1980 to February 2003) and CINAHL (from 1982 to November 2004). We searched reference lists of articles. We contacted lead investigators in the area and companies that manufacture disposable napkins for access to unpublished trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials in which disposable napkins were compared with other types of disposable napkins or non-disposable napkins, in infants up to two years of age, for preventing napkin dermatitis. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data. The same two authors independently assessed trials for methodological quality. Attempts were made to contact trial authors of the trials identified for clarification of methods and results of published trials. MAIN RESULTS: We identified 28 studies of the effects of various napkin types on napkin dermatitis. Seventeen studies from nine reports were included. Eleven studies were excluded due to methodology that did not fit the inclusion criteria of this review. Due to the poor reporting of methodology and results of the studies found in this review, there were no quantitative data available for analysis (or meta-analysis). Although the included studies appeared to favour cellulose-core disposable napkins over cloth, absorbent gelling material over cellulose-only core napkins, breathable outer shell over occlusive outer shell napkins and linings impregnated with formulations over plain linings, all of these studies were open to bias due to flawed methodology. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is not enough evidence from good quality randomised controlled trials to support or refute the use and type of disposable napkins for the prevention of napkin dermatitis in infants.

Diaper Rash↗
PubMed2005

In vitro reproduction of clinical hallmarks of eczematous dermatitis in organotypic skin models.

Dermatitis is a group of highly pruritic chronic inflammatory skin diseases which represents a major public-health problem worldwide. The prevalence of dermatitis has increased in recent years affecting up to 20% of the general population. Acute skin lesions are characterized by extensive degrees of intercellular edema of the epidermis (spongiosis) and a marked perivenular inflammatory cell infiltrate in the dermis. Keratinocytes within eczematous lesions exhibit a modified expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and cell-surface molecules. The pathophysiological puzzle of dermatitis is far from being elucidated completely, but skin infiltration of activated memory/effector T cells are thought to play the pivotal role in the pathogeneses. The aim of this study was the set-up of organotypic models mimicking the symptoms of eczematous dermatitis to provide a tool for therapeutic research in vitro. Therefore activated T cells (ATs) were integrated in organotypic skin and epidermis equivalents (SE, EE). These models enabled the reproduction of several clinical hallmarks of eczematous dermatitis: (1) T cells induce keratinocyte apoptosis, which leads to a reduced expression of the adhesion molecule E-cadherin (E-cad) and disruption of the epidermal barrier. (2) Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) allows the attachment of leukocytes to epidermal cells. (3) Upregulation of neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) in the epidermis is thought to mediate pruritus in lesions by supporting nerve outgrowth. (4) Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1alpha and IL-6) and chemokines (IL-8, IP-10, TARC, MCP-1, RANTES and eotaxin) amplify the inflammatory response and lead to an influx of secondary immunocells into the skin. The therapeutics dexamethasone and FK506 markedly reduce cytokines/chemokines production and epidermal damaging in these models. These data underline that activated memory/effector T cells induce eczematous changes in this HaCaT cell based organotypic skin equivalent. Furthermore it can be concluded that these models make it possible to investigate targets of therapeutics in skin.

Cytokines↗
PubMed1992

Perioral dermatitis in childhood.

BACKGROUND: Although perioral dermatitis has been well described in young women, little has been reported about this condition in children. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to define more clearly the features of perioral dermatitis in childhood. METHODS: Fourteen children with perioral dermatitis were assessed for clinical features, therapeutic response, and possible etiologic factors. RESULTS: Fourteen cases of perioral dermatitis were seen in 16 months, far exceeding the expected prevalence in childhood. Although the childhood variant shares many characteristics with the adult form, children often have periocular and perinasal lesions, as well as a higher relative incidence in boys. Mid- to high-potency topical corticosteroids were used in seven of the patients (50%) and likely contributed to the pathogenesis. All children responded rapidly to treatment. CONCLUSION: Perioral dermatitis in childhood, often iatrogenic, is more common than previously reported.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of the monitoring of papular dermatitis lesions in slaughtered swine to assess sarcoptic mite infestation.

We investigated the association between the presence of papular dermatitis and sarcoptic mite infestation in pigs slaughtered in southern Minnesota. Following dehairing, a sample of 30 pigs from each of 50 herds was inspected for papular dermatitis lesions. Herds were selected after being categorized into one of five categories according to the prevalence and severity of dermatitis lesions. Herd infestation with sarcoptic mange was determined by recovery of mites from ear scrapings of slaughtered pigs and also by survey of producer opinion. Mite infestation was detected in 28 herds (56%) and 215 of 1500 pigs (14%). Considerable variability in prevalence of positive scrapings, ranging from one pig (3%) to 19 pigs (63%), was found among infested herds. Prevalence of mite infestation was positively associated with severity of papular dermatitis lesions in groups. For individual pigs, estimates of the specificity of localized lesions ranged from 0.70 to 0.90. Generalized lesions appear highly specific (> 0.98) for sarcoptic mite hypersensitivity. Generalized lesions occurred in 36.7% of pigs from herds confirmed to be infested, compared with 0.4% of pigs in herds confirmed free from mange. Our date indicate that monitoring of dermatitis lesions in slaughtered pigs might be a useful test for sarcoptic mange in the Midwest, USA.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1995

Ipsilateral post-cast hypertrichosis and dyshidrotic dermatitis.

Post-cast hypertrichosis and dyshidrotic dermatitis are not uncommon separately. Yet, the simultaneous occurrence of both conditions in an individual is rare. A patient with both localized hypertrichosis and ipsilateral dyshidrotic dermatitis following multiple fractures and cast application is reported. The clinical presentation, management, spontaneous resolution, and/or response to therapy of post-cast hypertrichosis and dyshidrotic dermatitis that occurred concurrently in an individual were similar to that described when these conditions occur independently. The acquired conditions that may be associated with localized hypertrichosis are summarized and the postulated mechanisms of pathogenesis for dyshidrotic dermatitis are reviewed. The diagnosis of post-cast hypertrichosis in this patient was suspected based upon the distribution and temporal association of the hypertrichosis to the location and placement of his cast, and confirmed by excluding other causes of acquired localized hypertrichosis. Also, the possibility that in this individual either the trauma to his bones, the cast on his arm, or both had an etiologic role in promoting the development of dyshidrotic dermatitis is suggested.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2001

Potent corticosteroid cream (mometasone furoate) significantly reduces acute radiation dermatitis: results from a double-blind, randomized study.

PURPOSE: Radiation-induced dermatitis is a very common side effect of radiation therapy, and may necessitate interruption of the therapy. There is a substantial lack of evidence-based treatments for this condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mometasone furoate cream (MMF) on radiation dermatitis in a prospective, double-blind, randomized study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 49 patients with node-negative breast cancer. They were operated on with sector resection and scheduled for postoperative radiotherapy using photons with identical radiation qualities and dosage to the breast parenchyma. The patients were randomized to receive either MMF or emollient cream. The cream was applied on the irradiated skin twice a week from the start of radiotherapy until the 12th fraction (24 Gy) and thereafter once daily until 3 weeks after completion of radiation. Both groups additionally received non-blinded emollient cream daily. The intensity of the acute radiation dermatitis was evaluated on a weekly basis regarding erythema and pigmentation, using a reflectance spectrophotometer together with visual scoring of the skin reactions. RESULTS: MMF in combination with emollient cream treatment significantly decreased acute radiation dermatitis (P=0.0033) compared with emollient cream alone. There was no significant difference in pigmentation between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Adding MMF, a potent topical corticosteroid, to an emollient cream is statistically significantly more effective than emollient cream alone in reducing acute radiation dermatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis and its manifestation as anaphylaxis: a case report and literature review.

OBJECTIVE: Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis is a rare cyclic premenstrual reaction to progesterone produced during the luteal phase of a woman's menstrual cycle with a variety of presentations including erythema multiforme, eczema, urticaria, angioedema, and progesterone-induced anaphylaxis. We present a case of progesterone-induced anaphylaxis and a review of literature focusing on its diagnosis and therapy. DATA SOURCES: We surveyed all the literature in English back to 1921 when the first case was published. First, we researched the terms progesterone anaphylaxis, autoimmune progesterone dermatitis, cyclic urticaria, using the PubMed resource. Then we included articles found within these publications' reference sections. STUDY SELECTION: We selected articles based on whether the cases described appeared to fit the description of the entity autoimmune progesterone dermatitis. All cases included had dermatologic reactions occurring during the luteal phase of the menstrual period, positive skin or intramuscular reactions to progesterone, and treatment amenable to anovulatory agents and/or hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. RESULTS: We found approximately 50 published cases of autoimmune progesterone dermatitis, and only nine known cases of its manifestation as anaphylaxis. These cases, including the case described by us, are summarized, and successful diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the literature are reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis is a rare entity associated with progesterone production of the luteal phase of a woman's menstrual cycle. It can be diagnosed using intradermal or intramuscular progesterone tests and can be treated by disrupting the ovulation cycle using specific medications or by oopherectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Novel treatment of chronic severe hand dermatitis with bexarotene gel.

BACKGROUND: Hand dermatitis is an eczematous inflammation of the hands that is related to occupation or to routine activities. It often becomes chronic, and in some patients may become severe and disabling. Topical corticosteroids are effective treatment, particularly for milder forms, but they often lose effectiveness with time and can produce skin atrophy. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate bexarotene gel topical therapy for safety, tolerability and efficacy in patients with chronic hand dermatitis. METHODS: A phase I-II open-label randomized clinical study of bexarotene gel, alone and in combination with a low- and a mid-potency steroid, was conducted in 55 patients with chronic severe hand dermatitis at two academic clinics. RESULTS: Patients using bexarotene gel monotherapy reached a 79% response rate for > or = 50% clinical improvement and a 39% response rate for > or = 90% clearance of hands. Adverse events possibly related to treatment in all patients were stinging or burning (15%), flare of dermatitis (16%) and irritation (29%). Thirteen patients (24%) withdrew early, including two for related adverse events and five for inadequate response. CONCLUSIONS: Bexarotene gel appears to be safe, tolerated by most patients, with useful therapeutic activity in chronic severe hand dermatitis.

Administration, Topical↗