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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Assessing dental hygiene clinical competence for initial licensure: a Delphi study of dental hygiene program directors.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the best way to determine clinical competence prior to issuing the dental hygiene license. METHODS: Directors of dental hygiene programs in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands were asked to describe the best way to determine clinical competence prior to issuing the dental hygiene license. Three rounds of the Delphi process were used to seek a level of consensus among panel members. A total of 44 directors (19% of the population) from dental hygiene schools participated in at least one round of the study. Sixteen directors participated in all three rounds. Likert scale and ranking questionnaires followed the initial open-ended question. RESULTS: A level of consensus was achieved on 47% of the initial statements describing the determination of clinical competence. A list of the top 10 most agreed upon responses to the initial question was generated. Ongoing process evaluations within the accredited dental hygiene program, was suggested as the best determination of clinical competence for dental hygiene licensure. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that dental hygiene clinical competence is best determined throughout a continuum of process and product examinations, rather than in a one-time product evaluation. Accreditation was acknowledged as an important element in standardizing the assessment of clinical competence. Organized dental hygiene should develop a protocol for licensing new dental hygienists and work with state boards of dentistry on its implementation.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Retrospective radiographic analysis of sinus graft and implant placement procedures from the Academy of Osseointegration Consensus Conference on Sinus Grafts.

A retrospective quantitative radiographic analysis determined the effect of graft material and smoking status on the maintenance of graft height over 3 years. Analysis of variance models with planned comparison were constructed to compare mean graft change by (1) graft material and (2) smoking status. Maintenance of bone height was significantly greater in intraoral autogenous grafts versus allografts (P < .05). The effect of smoking on implant loss revealed a significant difference in implant survival (P < .05). Autogenous bone generally resulted in a more favorable outcome over a 3-year period. Smoking adversely impacted implant survival in sinus grafts.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation↗
PubMed2001

Functional Food Science in Europe.

The goal of the Functional Food Science in Europe (FUFOSE) concerted action was to reach consensus on scientific concepts of functional foods in Europe by using the science base that supports evidence that specific nutrients positively affect physiological functions. The outcome proposes "a working definition" of functional foods: foods can be regarded as functional if they can be satisfactorily demonstrated to affect beneficially one or more target functions in the body, beyond adequate nutritional effects, in a way relevant to an improved state of health and well-being and/or reduction of risk of disease. Functional foods must remain foods and they must achieve their effects in amounts normally consumed in a diet. Evidence from human studies, based on markers relating to biological response or on intermediate endpoint markers of disease, could provide a sound scientific basis for messages and claims about the functional food products. Two types of claims are proposed that relate directly to these two categories of markers: Enhanced function claims (type A) and reduced risk of disease claims (type B). A new EU Concerted Action will start with, and build upon, the principles defined within FUFOSE. This project PASSCLAIM will (i) produce a consensus on principles for the scientific substantiation of health-related claims for food and food components, (ii) select common criteria for how markers should be identified, validated and used in well-designed studies to explore the links between diet and health and (iii) to evaluate critically the existing schemes which assess the scientific substantiation of claims.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed2002

Meeting highlights--International Consensus Panel on the treatment of primary breast cancer.

The 7th International Conference on Adjuvant Therapy of Primary Breast Cancer, with several thousand delegates from 70 countries, was held in February 2001 in St. Gallen, Switzerland. Its consensus recommendations were summarized in the Sept. 15 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology (Vol. 19, No. 18, 2001: pp 3817-3827). The panel conference developed guidelines advising that all patients with endocrine-responsive tumors receive anti-hormonal therapy, including those at minimal risk of recurrence (defined as a 10% risk at 10 years). The panel further lowered the threshold defining endocrine-responsive disease to tumors containing as few as 1% of cells that stain positive for steroid hormone receptors. Treatment of primary breast cancer should depend on the hormonal status of tumors. The last set of guidelines, issued in 1998, supported a more limited use of endocrine-based therapy, but recent research has convinced the oncology community otherwise. Postmenopausal women have the greatest prevalence of hormone-positive tumors, and more than one-third of breast cancers in women of child-bearing age are estrogen dependent. The panel also highlighted several other important advances, including: the importance of factoring patient preferences into treatment decisions; the value of sentinel lymph node biopsy in avoiding extensive surgery; and incorporation of new agents and improved outcome in the treatment of breast cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2002

[Myocardial infarction redefined based on the consensus document of the ESC/ACC].

An expert committee of the European Society of Cardiology and the American College of Cardiology has recently proposed new and more precise criteria for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, entailing both relevant implications in clinical practice and scientific, epidemiological and organizational aspects. The Board of the Emergency Area of the National Association of Hospital Cardiologists (ANMCO) will review the document and analyze the issues of major concern.

Biomarkers↗