Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Communication Disorders”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Parental communication deviance in childhood onset schizophrenia spectrum and depressive disorders.

Rates of parental communication deviance (CD) were compared in children with schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder and in contrast groups of children with major depression and dysthymic disorders. Results indicated significantly higher rates of CD in parents of schizophrenic and schizotypal children than in parents of children with major depression and dysthymic disorders. Schizophrenic and schizotypal children from high CD families showed the most severe impairments and the poorest attentional functioning. However, the small number of schizophrenic and schizotypal children with low CD parents underscored the strong association between schizophrenia spectrum disorders, parental CD and psychosocial and attentional impairment in the child.

Attention↗
PubMed2004

Drooling, saliva production, and swallowing in cerebral palsy.

Fourteen participants (six females, eight males) ranging in age from 7 years 11 months to 18 years 2 months (mean 11y 7mo) with a confirmed diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy (CP) were included in the study. Participants included those who drooled (CP+, n=14); age- and sex-matched children with spastic CP who were dry to mild and never to infrequent droolers (CP-, n=14) as well as typically developing peers (CTRL, n=14) served as controls. Frequency of swallowing was measured by using simultaneous cervical ausculation and videotaping of the head and neck. Saliva production was measured with the Saxon test, a simple gauze-chewing procedure. In addition, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), Test of Nonverbal Intelligence-3 (TONI-3), dysarthria severity scale, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) scores were obtained for each participant. Both groups of participants with CP tended to swallow less frequently than typically developing participants and tended to produce less saliva than typically developing controls; however, these differences were not statistically significant. No correlation was found between amount of saliva produced and amount drooled (r=0.245). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) conducted on the PEDI functional skills mean scores indicated significant differences between the three groups (F(2,39)=23.522,p<0.0001). Likewise, an ANOVA conducted on the TONI-3 scores revealed statistically significant differences between the three groups (F(2,39)=31.761, p<0.0001). A Spearman's rho correlation indicated that GMFCS scores were not significantly correlated with drooling severity (Spearman's rho correlation=0.3951,p=0.037). Drooling severity was found to be positively correlated with dysarthria severity (Spearman's rho correlation=0.82,p<0.0001). These findings suggest that drooling in patients with CP is related to swallowing difficulties rather than hypersalivation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Linguistic resources of individuals with Asperger syndrome.

In this paper the available literature on the communication skills of individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS) is reviewed. Current issues regarding diagnosing and understanding disorders with a core social deficit are examined as well as the potential application of sociolinguistic analyses to the study of Asperger Syndrome, such as that provided from within a Systemic Functional Linguistic framework. The need for investigations that address a broader view of "language" and its use in social situations by individuals with AS as opposed to their mastery of syntactic aspects of language, will be discussed.

Asperger Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

Parental communication deviance as a predictor of competence in children at risk for adult psychiatric disorder.

Measures of communication deviance derived from three different Rorschach situations were obtained from parents of 62 children vulnerable to future psychiatric disturbance. The families were maritally intact, with one parent having a history of previous psychiatric hospitalization and a male index child, 7 or 10 years of age. Amount of parental communication deviance in one situation was not significantly related to amount of communication deviance observed in another setting. However, mothers who exhibited high levels of communication deviance in both the Individual and Family Consensus situations tended to have offspring who were judged as low functioning in multiple settings, based on teacher ratings, peer ratings, and parental report. Conversely, children judged as high functioning in multiple settings had mothers who were free of high levels of communication deviance in both Rorschach situations.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Initiating a clinical trials cooperative group in an increasingly managed care environment: successes and problems in establishing collaboration.

The Communication Sciences and Disorders Clinical Trials Research Group (CSDRG) was organized in 1995 and funded in 1997 by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) as a cooperative clinical trials group. It designs and conducts multi-institutional randomized clinical trials focusing on treatments delivered by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and audiologists for disorders of speech, language, hearing, balance, and voice/swallowing. Data are presented on a comparison of the number of site participants from the group's onset in 1995 through 31 December 1997. Successes and problems experienced by CSDRG are defined with regard to organizing the group, and designing and conducting clinical trials in a managed care environment with nonprimary care professionals. Different barriers to participation are identified at various levels of care/types of institutions and with various types of patient populations, for example, children receiving their health care through the schools versus elderly, demented individuals in nursing care facilities.

Audiology↗
PubMed1996

Communication disturbances in schizophrenia and mania.

BACKGROUND: A "natural language" measure was developed for classifying type and severity of communication disturbance in the speech of psychotic patients by assessing their linguistic reference performance. METHODS: This measure was applied to speech samples of schizophrenic, manic, and nonpsychiatric subjects, and the groups were compared on levels and types of communication failures. RESULTS: The speech of the schizophrenic and manic subjects contained much higher frequencies of each of six types of communication failures than did the speech of the control subjects. Proportions of the different types of unclarity differed among the diagnostic groups. CONCLUSIONS: This method provides a measure of overall severity of communication disturbance, discriminates the speech of schizophrenic and manic subjects from that of nonpsychiatric subjects, and reflects some differences in distribution of types of communication failure in schizophrenic vs manic patients. The measure may be helpful in elucidating cognitive weaknesses underlying psychotic communication failures.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Brief report: the relationship between discourse deficits and autism symptomatology.

This study investigated the relationship between discourse deficits to a broader range of other symptoms in 57 children with autism. We hypothesized that autism symptomatology, as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), would be related to the children's difficulty in maintaining an ongoing topic of discourse. Children provided a natural language sample while interacting with one parent. These language samples were coded for the child's use of off-topic or noncontingent utterances. Results showed significant relationships between overall diagnostic symptomatology, and more specifically, deficits in communication as measured by the ADOS-G, and noncontingent discourse. The findings provide diagnostic validity to the ADOS-G and highlight in greater detail the significant communication impairment in autism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Communicative and social behavior of speech disordered children].

The spheres covering behaviour disorders, social behaviour and communicative behaviour of speech impaired pupils which until now have been analyzed on a more theoretical level, ought to be studied using psychometric testing procedures and an esperimental observational situation in order to gain base data with which to set up a concrete catalogue of aims (learning program) based on the deficits thereby obtained. The study took place at the special school in Esslinger-Berkheim (Baden-Wurttemberg). By taking into account relevant specialized literature and the results of other studies, the following general hypotheses were advanced, namely, that the communication of speech handicapped children is troubled in respect of its content and relation, and that their social behaviour shows more egoistic than cooperative features. In order to determine social motivations and attitudes, we used Muller's "Social Motivation Test" (SMT) and Jorger's "Group test for the social attitude" (S-E-T). Due to the inconsistency between the attitudes measured by means of psychometric methods and the sbusequent free and genuine behaviour, an observational situation was developed during which the pupils, either in pairs or in groups of four and using puppets, took turns in thinking up a story, discussing the plot, roles, etc. and finally putting on the play. The whole was then analyzed by means of tape recordings and film shots, the interaction of the communicating partners being analyzed and categorized in two separate assessment stages: communicative behaviour and social behaviour. The pragmatic axioms of P. Watzlawick, the communication researcher, functioned as theoretical background. Flanders's linear time diagram was used as assessment system. Communicative and social learning aims were prepared in accordance with confirming hypotheses to enable a "preliminary area" for the practical work in (special) education to be defined. In addition, a rough outline was made of the conditional areas pertaining to social and communicative education of the speech impaired for the purpose of carrying out a systematic change.

Child↗
PubMed2004

British Columbia Provincial Eating Disorders Program: an organizational description.

The British Columbia Provincial Eating Disorders Program (BCEDP) is a small government funded body that communicates eating disorder treatment needs to the government, helps communication between primary, secondary, and tertiary care givers, gives treatment advice and teaching to primary and secondary care givers, and assists the Provincial Eating Disorders Resource Centre in decision making and communication with government. The program deals with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, but not obesity, for budgetary reasons.

Adolescent↗